Tlingit: Tlingit Phrases

Prepared by Keri Edwards for Goldbelt Heritage Foundation. Project funded by the Administration for Native Americans.

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A

abandon

tl'eet abandon, get rid of
abandon, desert, leave; throw away, dispose of, get rid of
O-S-l-tl'eet~ (na act) for S to abandon, desert, leave O; for S to throw away, dispose of, get rid of O

abstain

g̲aas (2) forbidden, superstitious, abstain
superstitious; abstain, refrain from, keep from doing (usually for ceremonial or religious reasons, esp. of Lent)
at S-l-g̲aas (ga state) for S to be superstitious; for S to abstain, refrain from, keep from doing (usually for ceremonial or religious reasons, esp. of Lent)
forbidden, taboo
li-g̲aas (ga state) for something to be forbidden, taboo, not allowed by custom

accomplish

dlaak̲ get, succeed, accomplish, defeat, win
win, gain, get, obtain it; acquire it; succeed, accomplish it; defeat him/her/it
O-ya-S-ø-dlaak̲~ (na event) for S to gain, get, obtain, acquire O; for S to succeed, accomplish O; for S to defeat, beat O

address

yoo address
address as, call by certain relationship term and thus adopt that relationship
(yéi) N yát~ x̲'a-S-d-l-yoo~ (Ø motion) for S to address, call N by certain relationship term and thus adopt that relationship

admire

k̲'ei admire
admire, think highly of, respect; treasure, value
N yáa O-li-k̲'éi (ga state) for N to admire, think highly of, respect O; for N to treasure, value O

adult teeth

x'éigaa kaa oox
(Lit: real teeth)
OR
yan wáat oox

Keyword(s):

advance

ook (2) boil, tumble, advance, fill
boil it
O-S-l-.ook~ (ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to boil O (esp. water)
boil
d-l-.óok~ (ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for something to boil

advise

jaaʰ instruct, show, advise
instruct, show him/her; advise, cousel him/her
O-shu-ka-S-ø-jaaʰ~ (ø act; CV́V Imp/Hort/Pot) for S to instruct, show O (by word); for S to advise, give advice to, counsel O

afraid

x̲eitl' afraid, fear
afraid of it, fear it
P-x' a-ka-u-S-d-l-x̲éitl' (ga state) for S to be afraid of, fear P

age

shaan age, old
old
O-d-shaan~ (ø event) for O to show signs of old age (esp. grey hair), for O to become old, age

age

s'eex spoil, rot, age
spoil, age, rot
l-s'eex~ (ø event) for animal matter to age, spoil to stage where still firm, but smelly

amuse

ook' play, amuse
entertain, amuse oneself; play quietly (of children)
k̲u-S-d-s-.ook' (na act) for S to entertain, amuse oneself; for S to play quietly

anchor

yaa2 (5) carry, spread, anchor
carry it on one's back; pack it on one's back
O-S-ø-yaa~ (ga event) for S to carry O on back; for S to pack O
anchor it (boat)
O-sha-S-s-yaa~ (na event) for S to anchor O (boat)
carry things on one's back; pack things
at S-ø-yaa~ (ga event) for S to carry things on back; for S to pack things
spread it out; unfold it
P-x̲ O-ka-S-ø-yaa~ (g̲a motion) for S to spread out, unfold, lay out (singular) O along P
anchor (a boat)
sha-S-d-s-yaa~ (na event) for S to anchor, lower anchor

And the lucky winner is Jenny!

Wulixéidli aa Jenny - hóoch áwé kuyaawadlaak!

Keyword(s):

angry

oo1 (10) dress, pregnant, own, put, forgive, wear, give, live, use, angry, frustrate
live (at a place)
k̲u-S-ø-.oo~ (na state) for S to live, live at, dwell permanently
put them, leave them there
P-x' yéi O-S-ø-.oo (na event) for S to put, leave (plural) O at P
pregnant, have a baby
atk'átsk'u/yát(k') O-S-ø-.oo (na event) for S to have O (baby), be pregnant with O (baby)
own, possess, have
O-S-ø-.oo (na state) for S to own, possess, have O
forgive, excuse him/her
ch'a aadé yéi O-S-ø-.oo (na event) for S to forgive, excuse O
dress him/her/it
N náa yéi sha-S-ø-.oo (na act) for S to dress N
frustrate him/her
N toowú x̲'ool yáx̲ O-S-ø-.oo (na state; CV́V Imperfective) for S to frustrate N
get dressed
náa(x') yéi sha-S-d-.oo (na act) for S to get dressed
angry, mean
x'áan a-S-ø-.oo (na state; CV́V Imperfective) for S to be angry, mean
wear it; use it
yéi O-S-ø-.oo (na state) for S to wear, put on, dress in O; for S to use O

answer

ei answer
answer, reply to a greeting or to one's name
a-S-d-.ei (na act) for S to answer, reply to a greeting or to one's name

anxiety

xeel' trouble, bother, anxiety
bother, trouble him/her; cause him/her anxiety
O-ka-S-ø-xéel'~ (ø event; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for S to bother, trouble, cause trouble or anxiety for O

anxious

jee1 wonder, curious, anxious
wonder about it; curious, anxious about it
O-ka-S-ø-jeek (na act) for S to wonder, be curious, anxious about O

appoint

goot1 (13) go, walk, follow, go to bathroom, appoint, let in, let out
follow him/her/it (singular subject) IX
N ítx̲ yaa S-ø-goot~ (ga motion) for (singular) S to follow N (on foot)
appoint, choose for a certain position (singular object) I
a tóo daak O-S-s-goot~ (Ø motion) for S to appoint (singular) O, choose O for a certain position
go on foot (singular subject) II
P-t~ S-ø-goot~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to arrive at P, go to P (by walking or as general term)
go on foot (singular subject) IX
P-x̲ S-ø-goot~ (g̲a motion) for (singular) S to walk, go (by walking or as a general term) down along P
go on foot (singular subject) V
N jikaadáx̲ ya-u-S-ø-goot~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to get out of N's way
go on foot (singular subject) VI
a-ya-u-S-d-goot~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to turn back, go back (by walking or as general term)
go on foot (singular subject) III
gági S-ø-goot~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to emerge, walk out into the open
go to the bathroom (singular subject) VII
gánde S-ø-goot~ (na motion) for (singular) S to go to the bathroom
go on foot (singular subject) I
kei S-ø-goot~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to walk, go up (by walking or as general term)
go on foot (singular subject) VIII
k̲ut S-ø-goot~ (ga motion) for (singular) S to get lost (on foot)
go back (singular subject) I
k̲ux̲~ S-d-goot~ (Ø motion) for (singular) S to go back, return
let in (esp. animal); welcome in, receive (singular object) II
neil~ O-S-s-goot~ (Ø motion) for S to let in, welcome in (singular) O
go on foot (singular subject) VII
P-dé S-ø-goot~ (na motion) for (singular) S to walk, go (by walking or as general term) away from P

appoint

aat1 (18) go, walk, lead, gather together, go to bathroom, attack, appoint, let in, let out
appoint, choose for a certain position (plural object) I
a tóo daak O-S-s-.aat~ (Ø motion) for S to appoint (plural) O, choose O for a certain position
lead them
yaa O-shu-S-ø-.aat~ (ga event) for S to lead (plural) O (especially by walking ahead)
go on foot (plural subject) II
P-t~ S-ø-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to walk, go (by walking or as a general term) to P
walking, going along there (of plural subjects)
P-x̲ yaa S-ø-.aat~ (ga motion) for (plural) S to be walking, going (by foot or as general term) along P (basically plural; see goot for singular)
go on foot (plural subject) IX
P-x̲ S-ø-.aat~ (g̲a motion) for (plural) S to walk, go (by walking or as a general term) down along P
go on foot (plural subject) V
N jikaadáx̲ ya-u-S-ø-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to get out of N's way
go on foot (plural subject) III
gági S-ø-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to emerge, walk out into the open
go to the bathroom (plural subject) VII
gánde S-ø-.aat~ (na motion) for (plural) S to go to the bathroom
go on foot (plural subject) VI
a-ya-u-S-d-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to turn back, go back (by walking or as general term)
go on foot (plural subject) VII
P-dé S-ø-.aat~ (na motion) for (plural) S to walk, go (by walking or as a general term) to P
go on foot (plural subject) I
kei S-ø-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to walk up, go up (by walking or as a general term)
attack someone
ji-S-d-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to attack, assault, fall upon
go on foot (plural subject) VIII
k̲ut S-ø-.aat~ (ga motion) for (plural) S to get lost (on foot)
go back (plural subject) I
k̲ux̲~ S-d-.aat~ (Ø motion) for (plural) S to go back, return
let in (esp. animal); welcome in, receive (plural object) II
neil~ O-S-s-.aat~ (Ø motion) for S to let in, welcome in (plural) O
gather together, assemble, congregate (esp. for meetings)
woosh kaanáx̲ S-d-.aat~ (ga event) for (plural) S to assemble, congregate, gather together (for meetings)
gather, assemble, congregate (esp. for meetings) II
woosh x̲oo-t~ S-d-.aat~ (ø motion) for S to assemble, congregate, gather together (for meetings)
bend over, lean down (plural subject)
yínde sh ka-S-l-.aat~ (na motion) for (plural) S to bend over, lean down

Are you pregnant?

I kát gé yat áa?

Keyword(s):

Are you Raven or Eagle?

Yéilx gé isitee, kach'u Ch'áak'?

Keyword(s):

argue

xeet (3) write, argue
write it; draw it; paint it; take a photograph of it; x-ray it
O-ka-S-sh-xeet~ (ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to write, draw, or paint a picture of O; for S to print O by hand; for S to photograph, take pictures, X-rays of O
argue, quarrel
N een woosh x̲'a-S-d-xéet (na act) for S to argue, quarrel with N
write; draw; paint; take a photograph
ka-S-d-sh-xeet~ (ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to write, draw, or paint; for S to take a photograph

ask

woos'1 ask, question
ask him/her, question him/her
O-x̲'a-S-ø-wóos' (na act) for S to ask, question O

ask

k̲aa1 (7) ask, charge, confess, order, say, send, tell
instruct him/her; give him/her orders to do
áa O-ji-ka-(u)-S-ø-k̲aa~ (na event) for S to instruct, give O orders (to do)
send him/her on a mission, errand
O-ka-(u)-S-ø-k̲aa~ (na event) for S to send O (esp. on a mission or errand, or to deliver a message)
confess, acknowledge, declare; charge, set the price, charge for
(N éede) O-ya-S-s-k̲aa~ (na act) for S to charge (N) for O; for S to set the price of O; for S to confess, acknowledge, or delcare O
insult him/her, offend him/her by what one says
sh tugéit O-ya-S-d-s-k̲aa~ (Ø event) for S to insult, offend O by what one says
tell him/her (a certain thing)
(yéi) O-daa-ya-S-ø-k̲á (act) for S to tell O (a certain thing)
say (a certain thing); confess, acknowledge, declare (a certain thing)
(yéi) ya-S-ø-k̲aa~ (na act) for S to say (a certain thing); for S to confess, acknowledge, declare (a certain thing)
tell, say to him/her; ask him/her to do
(yóo) O-ya-S-s-k̲aa~ (na event) for S to tell, say (that) to O; for S to ask O to do (that)

assault

jaak̲w1 beat up, assault, attack
beat him/her up; assault him/her; attack him/her
O-S-ø-jáak̲w (na act) for S to beat up, assault, violently attack O

astonished

gwaatl (7) roll, rock, fold up, bend, astonished
roll it (log, barrel, etc.)
O-ka-S-l-gwáatl~ (na motion) for S to roll O (log, barrel, etc.)
bend limb (arm, leg); fold up (paper, etc.) in loose roll
O-ka-S-l-gwaatl~ (Ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to bend O (limb); for S to fold up O (paper, etc.) in a loose roll
roll (of spherical object)
P-t~ ka-ø-gwáatl~ (ø motion) for a spherical object to roll to P
astonished, flabbergasted, be left open-mouthed
O-k̲'a-d-gwáatl~ (Ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for O to be astonished, flabbergasted, left open-mouthed
capsize, overturn (of canoe, boat) III
áa yax̲ ø-gwáatl~ (Ø motion) for a boat to capsize, overturn
rock, roll it (canoe, boat)
P-t O-ka-ka-S-l-gwáatl~ (na motion) for S to rock, roll O (boat) at P
rock, roll (of canoe, boat)
P-t ka-ka-ø-gwáatl~ (na motion) for a canoe, boat to rock, roll around

attack

jaak̲w1 beat up, assault, attack
beat him/her up; assault him/her; attack him/her
O-S-ø-jáak̲w (na act) for S to beat up, assault, violently attack O

attack

avalanche

dleit daak wushix'íl'

Keyword(s):

awake

x̲eik̲ awake
keep him/her awake
O-S-s-x̲eik̲~ (ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to keep O awake

B

baby teeth

t'ukanéiyi oox

Keyword(s):

bad-mouth

xwei joke, bad-mouth
tease, joke about (esp. particular tribal relations, such as paternal uncle); bad-mouth him/her
O-S-ø-xwéi (na act) for S to tease, joke about O (esp. particular tribal relations, such as paternal uncle); for S to bad-mouth O

bait hooks

naak̲w1 bait hooks
bait hooks (put bait on fish hooks)
ya-S-d-náak̲w~ (ø act) for S to bait hooks, put bait on fish hooks

balloon

kadu.uxxu át
(Lit: thing which is blown up)

Keyword(s):

bandage

s'eet bind, wrap, bandage
bandage it, bind it up, wrap it
O-ka-S-ø-s'eet~ (ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to bind up, wrap around, bandage O

baptize

teeʰ2 (19) give, take, carry, expect, stormy, blame, baptize, postpone
carry it, take it (general, often compact object) IX
P-dáx̲ O-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ga motion) for S to pick O up off of P
carry it, take it (general, often compact object) VII
P-dé O-S-ø-teeʰ~ (na motion) for S to carry, take O (general, often compact object) to P
anticipate, forsee; expect, consider likely to happen or arrive
O-shu-S-s-teeʰ~ (na state) for S to anticipate, forsee, expect O; for S to consider O likely to happen or arrive
postpone it
O-shu-ka-S-ø-teeʰ~ (na event) for S to postpone O
expect him/her/it; anticipate it
O-shu-S-s-teeʰ~ (na state) for S to anticipate, foresee O; for S to expect, consider O likely to happen or arrive
carry it, take it (solid, complex object) VII
P-dé O-S-s-teeʰ~ (na motion) for S to carry, take O (solid, often complex object) to P
carry it, take it (solid, complex object) IX
O-S-s-teeʰ~ (ga motion) for S to carry, take O (solid, often complex object)
install it there, hang it there
P-x̲ O-S-ø-teeʰ~ (g̲a motion) for S to install, hang, place O at P
hang it up there (esp. to dry)
P-x̲ O-sha-ya-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to hang up O at P (esp. to dry)
stormy, rough (of weather)
a-ya-d-teeʰ~ (g̲a event) for the weather to be stormy, rough
give, take, hand it to him/her (round, spherical object)
N jee-t~ O-ka-S-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to give, take, hand O (round object) to N
blame it on him/her; bring it (shame, joy) onto him/her
P-t~ O-shu-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to bring O (abstract, esp. shame, blame, joy) onto P
feed it to him/her/it; give it to him/her/it to eat
N x̲'éix̲ O-S-ø-teeʰ~ (na event) for S to feed O to N; for S to give O to N to eat
feed him/her/it
N x̲'éix̲ at S-ø-teeʰ~ (na event) for S to feed N, give food to N (for immediate consumption)
baptize him/her
héen-t~ O-ya-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to baptize, immerse (singular) O in water or pour water upon O as a religious rite
put it on (shirt, dress, etc.)
káx̲ O-S-d-teeʰ~ (g̲a event) for S to put on O (shirt, dress, etc.)
bring it out, unearth it; pick it up (general, often compact object)
kei O-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ø motion) or S to bring out, unearth O (general, often compact object)(esp. from a box or other container or place which O is kept); for S to pick up, lift up O
put it down, leave it (round, spherical object)
yan O-ka-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to put down, lay down, leave, place O (round object)
put it down (solid, often complex object)
yan O-S-s-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to put down, lay down, leave, place O (solid, often complex object)

barbecue

tseek cook, barbecue, broil
barbecue it; broil it
O-S-l-tseek~ (ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to broil O slowly, cook O directly over live coals, barbecue

bark

shaa2 (4) bark
bark (of dog) (esp. begin barking)
a-S-ø-shaa~ (ga act) for S (dog) to bark (esp. begin barking)
bark (of dog)
a-S-ø-shaa~ (Ø act) for S (dog) to bark
bark at him/her/it (of dog)
O-ya-S-l-shaa~ (na act) for S (dog) to bark at O
bark at him/her/it (of dog) (esp. begin barking)
O-ya-S-l-shaa~ (ga act) for S (dog) to bark at O (esp. begin barking)

bath

oos' (5) wash, bath
wash it
O-S-ø-.óos'~ (na act) for S to wash O
wash it (surface of pot, table, etc.)
O-ka-S-ø-.óos'~ (na act) for S to wash O (usually surface of pot, table, etc.)
wash (often meat or feet)
O-S-l-.óos'~ (na act) for S to wash O (often meat or feet)
bath (take a bath)
daa S-d-.óos'~ (na act) for S to take a bath
wash hair
sha-S-d-.óos'~ (na act) for S to wash hair

bathe

shooch bathe
bathe oneself
S-d-shooch~ (ø act) for S to bathe, take a bath

be

teeʰ1 (13) be, born, care, think, need, busy, want, feel
care about it; think about it, consider it; have an opinion about it
N daa O-tu-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to care about N; for O to think about, consider N; for O to have an opinion about N
need, lack, require it
N eetéenáx̲ O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to need, lack, require N
like, similar to him/her/it
N yáx̲ O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be like, similar to N
busy
N daat át k̲u-d-s-teeʰ~ (g̲a state) for N to be busy, occupied with things
appear before him/her; apparent to him/her
N wak̲shiyeex' yéi O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to appear to N; for O to be apparent to N
born; exist; live
O-k̲u-d-s-teeʰ~ (g̲a state) for O to be, be in existence, live; for O to be born
grateful, thankful, satisfied
sh tóog̲aa O-d-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be grateful, thankful, satisfied
still, quiet; stop functioning
tleiyéi yéi O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be still, quiet; for O to stop (car, clock, e.g.)
be (for the weather to be a certain way)
(yéi) k̲u-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for the weather to be (that way)
feel like doing, want to do; feel that way
(yéi) O-tu-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to want to do, feel like doing (that); for O to feel a certain way
be (a certain way)
(yéi) O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be (that way)
be, stay, remain there; live, dwell there
N-x' yéi O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be, stay, remain at N; for O to dwell, live at N
be, become
P-x̲ O-s-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be P (a member of a group); for O to become P

Be strong, hang in there.

Yee gu.aa yáx x'wán.

Keyword(s):

beat

gwaal (3) beat, ring, stab, hit
beat it; ring it; stab it
O-S-ø-gwaal~ (ga act) for S to beat O (esp. drum), ring (bell); for S to stab O
hit him/her/it in the face; punch him/her
O-ya-S-ø-gwaal~ (ø event) for S to hit O in the face (with fist), punch O
ring (telephone or bell)
sh da-gwaal~ (ø act) for a telephone or bell to ring

beat up

jaak̲w1 beat up, assault, attack
beat him/her up; assault him/her; attack him/her
O-S-ø-jáak̲w (na act) for S to beat up, assault, violently attack O

bed

taaʰ1 (2) bed
put him/her to bed (singular)
O-S-s-taaʰ~ (na event) for S to put (singular) O to bed
sleep (singular subject)
S-ø-taaʰ~ (na act) for (singular) S to sleep, sleep alone

bed

x̲eix'w (2) bed
put them to bed (plural)
O-S-s-x̲éix'w~ (na event) for S to put (plural) O to bed
sleep (plural subjects)
S-ø-x̲éix'w~ (na act) for (plural) S to sleep, sleep in company with others, go to bed

believe

heen1 (2) believe, trust
believe him/her; trust him/her
N éek' a-S-ø-heen (ga state) for S to believe, trust, believe in N
trust oneself, have confidence in oneself
sh tóok' a-S-d-heen (na state) for S to trust oneself, have confidence in oneself

bend

taan (29) think, feel, give, take, carry, cover, bend, habit, end, rain, snow, speak, rough, rely
think over, consider, make up one's mind about (singular subject)
N daa yoo tu-S-ø-taan~ (ø act) for (singular) S to think over, consider, make up one's mind about N
change one's mind; think it over and reconsider, be converted (singular subject)
N daatx̲ k̲ux̲ tu-S-d-taan~ (Ø motion) for (singular) S to change mind about N; for (singular) S to think over and reconsider N
wash over it (of waves) V
N kanax̲ ji-ya-s-taan~ (Ø motion; CV́C Hort/Pot) for waves to wash over N
cover it (esp. pot) with something
at S-ø-taan~ (g̲a event) for S to cover (esp. pot, etc.), put on lid
carry it, take it (container or hollow object) VIII
O-S-ø-taan~ (ga motion) for S to carry, take O (usually a container or hollow object)
bend it (long, simple object)
O-ka-S-taan~ (na event) for S to bend O (usually long, simple object) over
like to do it; in the habit of doing it
O-ka-u-S-sh-tán (ga state) for S to be in habit of doing O; for S to do O frequently because S enjoys doing it
carry it, take it (container or hollow object) II
P-t~ O-S-ø-taan~ (ø motion) for S to carry, take O (usually a hollow object) to P
extend to it; end there
P-t shu-ka-ø-tán (position) for something to extend to, end at P
sit there (of container or hollow object)
P-t ø-tán (position) for a container or hollow object to sit at P
precipitate (rain, snow, etc)
daak s-taan~ (ø event) for rain, snow to fall
speak, talk to him/her (singular subject)
N ée-t~ x̲'a-S-ø-taan~ (ø motion) for S to speak, talk to N
call him/her on the phone VII
N jeedé x̲'a-S-d-taan~ (na motion) for (singular) S to call N on telephone
give, take, hand it to him/her (long, complex object)
N jee-t~ O-S-s-taan~ (ø motion) for S to give, take, hand O (usually long, complex object) to N
call him/her on the phone II
N jee-t~ x̲'a-S-d-taan~ (ø motion) for S to call N on telephone
put trust in, rely on, have faith in
N káa yan tu-S-ø-taan~ (Ø motion) for S to put trust in, rely on, have faith in N
rough (of ocean)
ji-s-taan~ (na event) for the ocean to be rough
bring it out, unearth it; pick it up (usually long, complex object)
kei O-S-s-taan~ (ø motion) for S to bring out, unearth O (usually long, complex object)(esp. from a box or other container or place which O is kept); for S to pick up, lift up O
raise one's hand I
kei ji-S-s-taan~ (Ø motion) for S to raise a hand
speak, talk, make speech (singular subject)
x̲'a-S-d-taan~ (na event) for (singular) S to speak, talk, make a speech
put it down (small, stick-like object)
yan O-ka-S-s-taan~ (ø motion) for S to put down, lay down, leave, place O (usually quite small, stick-like object)
put it down, leave it (long, complex object)
yan O-S-s-taan~ (ø motion) for S to put down, lay down, leave, place O (usually long, complex object)
hit, reach the beach (of waves)
yan ji-s-taan~ (Ø motion) for waves to hit, reach the beach
lower one's hand
yan~ ji-S-s-taan~ (Ø motion) for S to lower a hand
stop speaking, stop talking (singular subject) II
yan~ x̲'a-S-d-taan~ (Ø motion) for (singular) S to stop talking
bent
yóo ka-ø-tán (position) for something to be bent
speak to, talk to (singular subject)
yoo x̲'a-S-ø-taan~ (ø act) for (singular) S to speak to, talk to
bend over, lean down (singular subject)
yínde sh ka-S-d-taan~ (na motion) for (singular) S to bend over, lean down
decide, make up one's mind; feel, think (a certain way)
(yéi) tu-S-d-taan~ (na event) for (singular) S to decide, make up one's mind (that way)

bend

bicycle

át kawdudlitseixi át

Keyword(s):

big

geiʰ1 (2) big, many
big, many
(yéi) k-u-ya-geiʰ~ (na state) for a thing to be (so) big; for things to be (so) many
big (that big, of plural things)
(yéi) + ka-u-d-geiʰ~ (na state) for (plural) things to be (so) big

big

gei1 (4) big
big (of singular, spherical object)
ka-ø-gei~ (na state) for a singular, usually spherical object to be big
tall, big
O-l-gei~ (na state) for O (esp. live creature or building) to be big, tall
many, plenty, lots (of solid mass or abstracts)
ø-gei~ (na state) for a solid mass or abstracts to be plentiful, be lots, many
small (of grain-like objects)
(yéi) ka-u-d-s-gei~ (ga state) for grain-like objects to be small

big

tlaaʰ big
big around (that big around, in girth)
(yéi) ka-u-d-tlaaʰ~ (na state) for something to be (so) big around, in girth

bind

s'eet bind, wrap, bandage
bandage it, bind it up, wrap it
O-ka-S-ø-s'eet~ (ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to bind up, wrap around, bandage O

bite

taax' bite
bite him/her/it (insect)
O-s-táax'~ (ga event) for an insect to bite O

bite

yeek̲2 bite, carry
bite him/her/it; carry it in one's mouth (of animal)
O-S-ø-yeek̲~ (ga event) for S to bite O; for S to carry O in mouth (of animal)

bitter

aax'w1 bitter, spicy
bitter, spicy
O-s-.áax'w (ga state) for O to be bitter; for O to be spicy hot

blame

bleed

daa1 (6) flow, rise (tide), bleed, run (nose)
flow there; flood it (of tide)
P-náx̲ ya-ø-daa~ (ø motion) for water, the tide to flow through P; for water, the tide to flood P
rise, come in (of tide)
daak̲ ø-daa~ (ø motion) for the tide to rise, come in
flow (water, blood); run (of nose) VII
ka-ø-daa~ (na motion) for water, blood to flow; for a nose to run
rise (of water level, tide)
kei ø-daa~ (ø motion) for water level, tide to rise
bleed, run (of nose)
shí N lóot~ ø-daa~ (Ø motion) for N's nose to bleed
rise (of water level); flow (of water) II
P-t~ ka-ø-daa~ (Ø motion) for water to flow, rise to P

blessed

x̲eitl blessed, lucky
lucky, blessed
O-li-x̲éitl (ga state) for O to be blessed, be lucky

blow

xeex (19) run (singular subject), fall, drop, rise, end, happen, blow
fall on it (of small, compact object) IX
ø-xeex~ (g̲a motion) for an object (usually small, compact) to fall
fall, drop through it IX
P-náx̲ ka-ø-xeex~ (g̲a motion) for something (usually a round object) to fall, drop through P
hit it, fall against it, drop into it (esp. round object)
P-t~ ka-ø-xeex~ (ø motion) for something (usually a round , spherical object such as a bullet, ball) to hit, fall against, drop into P
blow there (esp. of strong wind) II
P-t~ ø-xeex~ (Ø motion) for a strong wind to blow at P
fall, drop on it; hit it (of bullet); spread, go around (of rumor or news)
P-t~ ø-xeex~ (ø motion) for something to fall or drop on P; for a bullet to hit P; for a rumor, news to spread, go around at P
fall around (esp. of object inside container); wobbly VII
P-t ø-xeex~ (na motion) for something to fall around at P (esp. inside a container)
run (singular subject) II
P-t~ S-j-xeex~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to run to P, arrive at P by running
move through the sky (sun, moon); fall, drop (of small object) I
daak ø-xeex~ (Ø motion) for the sun, moon to come out; for something (esp. a small, compact object) to fall, drop
run out of something
N jeet~ shu-ø-xeex~ (ø event) for N to run out of something
stuck in one's throat; choke
N leitóox̲-t~ ø-xeex (Ø motion) for something to be stuck in N's throat; for N to choke on something
worry him/her
N tóot ø-xeex~ (na event) for something to worry N; for N to have something constantly on the mind
run (singular subject) III
g̲unéi S-j-xeex~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to begin running
rise (of sun or moon)
kei ø-xeex~ (ø motion) for the sun, moon to rise
run (singular subject) VIII
k̲ut S-j-xeex~ (ga motion) for (singular) S to run away
end; used up
shu-ø-xeex~ (na event) for something to end, come to an end, pass; for something to be used up (of supplies, etc.)
run (singular subject) VII
P-dé S-j-xeex~ (na motion) for (singular) S to run toward P
happen, occur, take place
ya-ø-xeex~ (na event) for something to take place, occur, happen
set (of sun, moon)
yínde ø-xeex~ (na motion) for the sun, moon to set
blow (esp. of strong wind) VII
ø-xeex~ (na motion) for the wind to blow

blow

naal blow
blow nose
S-d-naal~ (Ø act) for S to blow one's nose

blow

oox (3) blow, blow up
blow up, inflate
O-ka-S-ø-.oox~ (Ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to blow up, inflate O
blow on it
O-S-l-.óox (ga act) for S to blow on O
blow out (light)
O-ya-ka-S-l-.óox (ga event) for S to blow O (light, candle, match, etc.) out

blow

s'ees (2) blow
blown (be blown by wind) VII
P-t ka-l-s'ées~ (na motion) for an object to be blown around in the wind at P
blow around; sail
P-t O-l-s'ees~ (na motion) for O to be blown around at P (by wind), to sail

blow up

took2 explode, blow up
explode, blow up
kei sh-tóok~ (ø event) for something to explode, blow up

blunt

g̲eel blunt, dull
dull, blunt
ya-d-g̲éel~ (ø event) for an edge to be blunt, dull

boil

ook (2) boil, tumble, advance, fill
boil it
O-S-l-.ook~ (ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to boil O (esp. water)
boil
d-l-.óok~ (ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for something to boil

boil

ootl boil
boil fish
O-S-sh-.óotl~ (Ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to boil O (fish)

boil

taaʰ3 boil, steam
steam it; boil it
O-S-s-taaʰ~ (ø act) for S to boil, steam O (food, esp. meat)

born

borrow

hees' (3) borrow
borrow it
O-S-ø-hées' (ga act) for S to borrow O
borrow it (esp. round, spherical object)
O-ka-S-ø-hées' (ga act) for S to borrow O (esp. round, spherical object)
lend it to him/her
N-t~ O-S-ø-hées'~ (ø motion) for S to lend O to N

bother

keen bother
bother (by interrupting, etc.), annoy
O-S-sh-keen~ (Ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to bother, annoy O

bother

xeel' trouble, bother, anxiety
bother, trouble him/her; cause him/her anxiety
O-ka-S-ø-xéel'~ (ø event; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for S to bother, trouble, cause trouble or anxiety for O

break

k'oots break
break it (esp. rope-like objects)
O-S-l-k'oots~ (na event) for S to break O (esp. rope-like objects)

break

l'eex' (4) break
break it (solid object such as wood, metal, etc.)
O-S-ø-l'éex'~ (na event) for S to break O (esp. of solid objects, wood, metals, etc.)
break it (long object)
O-S-l-l'éex'~ (na event) for S to break O (often by bending) (usually long objects)
break (of general, solid object)
ø-l'éex'~ (na event) for a general, solid object to break
break (of long object)
l-l'éex'~ (na event) for a long object to break

break

waal' (4) break, disappoint
break it (usually fairly fragile objects)
O-ka-S-ø-wáal'~ (Ø event) for S to break O
break his/her heart
N toowú O-ka-S-l-wáal'~ (Ø event) for S to break N's heart, hurt N's feelings
disappointed (lit. one's feelings are boken)
N toowú ka-ø-wáal'~ (Ø event) for N to be disappointed
break (usually fairly fragile objects)
ka-ø-wáal'~ (Ø event) for something to break

break (law)

geet2 break (law), do
violate, break a law; do something wrong
at géit~ S-d-s-geet~ (ø event) for S to violate, break (law or custom), to do something wrong

breathless

shaak̲2 breathless
breathless, panting, short of breath
O-ka-ø-shaak̲~ (Ø event) for O to be breathless, short of breath, panting

breed

x̲eet2 (2) breed
breed them
O-S-s-x̲eit~ (ga event) for S to breed O
multiply; produce young, breed (of animals)
d-s-x̲eit~ (ga event) for something to multiply, increase in numbers; for animals to produce young, breed

broad

woox̲' wide, broad
wide; broad
ø-wúx̲' (ga state) for something to be wide, broad

broil

tseek cook, barbecue, broil
barbecue it; broil it
O-S-l-tseek~ (ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to broil O slowly, cook O directly over live coals, barbecue

bruised

yeis' discolored, colored, bruised
bruised; discolored; colored
O-ka-d-yéis'~ (ø event) for O to be colored, discolored, bruised

build

yeix̲1 (3) build, use, whittle
whittle it; make kindling
O-ka-S-ø-yeix̲~ (ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to whittle O, for S to make O (kindling)
use it for it; make it into it
P-x̲ O-S-l-yeix̲~ (ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to use O for P; for S to make O into P
build it; make it; construct it
O-S-l-yeix̲~ (ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to build O; for S to make, construct O

burn

gaan1 (5) burn, shine, light
burn, catch alight; for a light to be on
P-t~ a-ka-ø-gaan~ (ø motion) for P (light) to be on; for P (fire) to burn, catch alight
light; set fire to; cause to shine; turn on (light)
P-t~ a-ka-S-l-gaan~ (Ø motion) for S to light, set fire to, cause P to shine; for S to turn P on (light)
shine (of sun)
a-d-gaan~ (g̲a event) for the sun to shine
shine, be bright; produce light by burning
ka-d-gáan~ (ø event) for something to shine, produce light by burning
burn it up
kei O-S-s-gaan~ (ø motion) for S to burn O up

burn

x̲'eix̲' (2) burn, scald
burn him/her/it (flesh, skin); scald it
O-S-l-x̲'éix̲'~ (ø event) for S to burn O (flesh, skin); for S to scald O
burned
O-d-x̲'éex̲'~ (ø event) for O to be burned (of flesh, skin), become shriveled and brittle through burning

burp

tsaa burp
burp, belch
a-S-d-l-tsaa~ (na act) for S to burp, belch

bury

naa1 (3) inherit, die, bury
inherit, receive property at the death of someone
O-S-ø-naa~ (Ø event) for S to inherit O
bury with appropriate ceremonial, give burial to and disperse property
O-S-s-naa~ (na event) for S to bury O with appropriate ceremonial; for S to give O burial and disperse property
die
O-ø-naa~ (na event) for O to die

busy

buy

oo2 (2) buy
buy it
O-S-ø-.oo (na event) for S to buy O
buy it (round, spherical object)
O-ka-S-ø-.oo (na event) for S to buy O (usually round, spherical object)

C

call

neek (5) tell, talk, explain, report, witness, gossip, disagree, prophesy, interpret, preach, narrate, defraud, call
tell, report about it; witness, testify about it
O-ka-S-ø-neek~ (na act) for S to tell about, report about, give facts about O; for S to witness to, tell about, testify about O
tell the story of it; talk into it
O-ka-S-l-neek (na act) for S to tell the story of O; for S to talk into O
explain it
(N een) k̲unáax̲ daak O-ka-S-ø-neek~ (Ø act) for S to explain O (to N)
tell on, inform on, betray (secret)
kei O-ka-S-ø-neek~ (Ø motion) for S to tell on, inform on, betray O
tell a story, narrate; preach
sh ka-S-d-l-neek (na act) for S to preach, narrate, tell a story

call

x̲oox̲ (2) call, summon
call him/her; summon him/her
O-S-ø-x̲oox̲ (g̲a act) for S to call, summon O
ask for it
(N éedáx̲) O-ka-S-l-x̲óox̲ (na event) for S to ask for O (from N)

call out

eex' (2) call out, invite
call out to him/her; shout to, holler at him/her
O-S-ø-.éex' (na act) for S to call out to, shout to, holler at O
invite him/her
O-S-ø-.éex' (g̲a event) for S to invite O, ask O to a party

calm

yeil' (2) calm, peaceful
calm, peaceful (esp. of bodies of water)
ka-du-ø-yéil'~ (ø event) for something (esp. bodies of water) to be calm, peaceful
calm, peaceful (of weather)
k̲u-ka-du-yéil'~ (ø event) for the weather to be calm, peaceful, without storm

camp

x̲eiʰ stay, camp
stay overnight; camp out overnight
O-ø-x̲eiʰ~ (ø event) for O to stay overnight, spend the night, camp out overnight

care

care for

taak̲2 care for, take care
care for him/her, take care of him/her
N daat~ O-ya-s-taak̲~ (Ø event) for O to care for, take care of N

carry

yeek̲2 bite, carry
bite him/her/it; carry it in one's mouth (of animal)
O-S-ø-yeek̲~ (ga event) for S to bite O; for S to carry O in mouth (of animal)

carry

jeil (3) carry, take
carry it, take it VII
P-dé O-ka-S-ø-jeil~ (na motion) for S to carry, take O to P (esp. to one place, making several trips)
carry, take stuff VII
P-dé at ka-S-ø-jeil~ (na motion) for S to carry, take things to P (esp. to one place, making several trips)
reach one's hand through it, around it
P-náx̲ ya-u-S-ø-jeil~ (ø motion) for S to reach a hand through, around P

carry

nook1 (7) carry, sit, get up
situtated there (of building)
d-nook~ (g̲a event) for a building to be situated there
carry him/her/it (live creature) VII
P-t O-S-s-nook~ (na motion) for S to carry, take O (live creature) around at P
seat him/her
O-S-s-nook~ (g̲a event) for S to seat O
lift him/her/it up (live creature)
kei O-S-s-nook~ (ø motion) for S to lift up O (live creature)
rise, get up (singular subject)
sha-S-d-nook~ (ø event) for (singular) S to get up, rise
sit down (singular subject)
S-ø-nook~ (g̲a event) for (singular) S to sit, sit down (esp. act of sitting)
put him/her/it down, leave him/her/it (live creature)
yan~ O-S-s-nook~ (ø motion) for S to put down, leave O (live creature)

carry

aax̲2 (4) give, take, carry, lie2
carry it, take it (textile-like object, blanket, coat, robe, sheet, etc.) VII
P-t O-S-ø-.aax̲~ (na motion) for S to carry, take O (a textile-like object, blanket, coat, robe, sheet) around at P
lie there (of hide-like object, blanket, coat, robe, sheet)
P-t ø-.áx̲ (position) for a hide-like object, blanket, coat, robe, sheet to lie at P
give, take, hand it to him/her (textile-like object, blanket, coat, robe, sheet, etc.)
N jee-t~ O-S-ø-.aax̲~ (ø motion) for S to give, take, hand O (textile-like object) to N
take it off (shirt, dress, coat, etc.) I
kaax̲ kei O-S-d-.aax̲~ (Ø motion) for S to take off O (shirt, dress, coat, etc.)

carry

een1 (5) give, take, carry, pick
pick it
O-S-ø-.een~ (ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to pick O (esp. berries) into a container
carry it, take it (container full of liquid or small objects) II
P-t~ O-S-s-.een~ (ø motion) for S to carry O (container full of liquid or small objects) to P
give, take, hand it to him/her (container full of liquid or small objects)
N jee-t~ O-S-s-.een~ (ø motion) for S to give, take, hand O (container full of liquid or small objects) to N
bring, carry it inside (of container full of liquid or small objects)
neil O-S-s-.een~ (ø motion) for S to bring O (container full of liquid or small objects) inside
put it down; leave it (container full of liquid or small objects)
yan~ O-S-s-.een~ (ø motion) for S to put down, lay down, leave, place O (a container full of liquid or small objects)

carry

aat2 (17) think, give, take, carry, lie2, speak, turn, change mind
think over, consider, make up one's mind about (plural subject)
N daa yoo tu-S-l-.aat~ (ø act) for (plural) S to think over, consider, make up one's mind about N
change one's mind; think it over and reconsider, be converted (plural subject)
N daatx̲ k̲ux̲ tu-S-d-l-.aat~ (Ø motion) for (plural) S to change mind about N; for (plural) S to think over and reconsider N
button it up
aanáx̲ O-ka-S-l-.aat~ (Ø act) for S to button up O
lying there (to have small objects lying there)
P-t O-ka-S-l-.át (position) for S to have O (small objects) lying at P
lie there (of small objects)
P-t ka-l-.át (position) for small objects to lie at P
lie there (of several things; of dead or unconscious persons or animals)
P-t l-.át (position) for several things to lie at P; for several persons or animals to lie dead, unconscious, or incapacitated at P
carry them, take them (esp. baggage) VII
P-dé O-S-l-.aat~ (na motion) for S to carry, take (plural) O (esp. baggage) to P
speak, talk to him/her (plural subject)
N ée-t~ x̲'a-S-l-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to speak, talk to N
give, take, hand it to him/her (small, round or hoop-like objects)
N jee-t~ O-ka-S-l-.aat~ (ø event) for S to give, take, hand O (small, round or hoop-like objects) to N
give, take, hand them to him/her (esp. baggage and personal belongings)
N jee-t~ O-S-l-.aat~ (ø motion) for S to give, take, hand (plural) O (esp. baggage and personal belongings) to N
lying down (of human) (plural subject)
(P-t) sh S-d-l-.át (position) for (plural) S to be lying down (at P)
speak, talk, make speech (plural subject)
x̲'a-S-l-.aat~ (na event) or (plural) S to speak, talk, make a speech
turn the wheel (boat, car) I
kei O-ya-S-l-.aat~ (ø motion) for S to turn O (boat, car)
put it down, leave it (esp. baggage and personal belongings)
yan~ O-S-l-.aat~ (ø motion) for S to put down, lay down, leave (plural) O (esp. baggage and personal belongings)
lie down (of human) (plural subject)
yan~ sh S-d-l-.aat~ (Ø motion) for (plural) S to lie down
stop speaking, stop talking (plural subject) II
yan~ x̲'a-S-l-.aat~ (Ø motion) for (plural) S to stop talking
speak to, talk to, converse (plural subject)
yoo x̲'a-S-l-.aat~ (ø act) for (plural) S to speak, talk, converse

carve

ch'aak'w carve
carve it
O-ka-S-ø-ch'áak'w~ (ø act; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for S to carve O (usually smaller, detailed work) using a knife

catch

shaat (4) catch, hold, change mind
catch it; grab him/her/it; arrest him/her/it; trap him/her/it
O-S-ø-sháat~ (ga event) for S to catch O; for S to grab, take hold of, snatch O; for S to arrest O; for S to trap O
gust (move in gusts (of weather)) II
P-t~ a-ya-ø-sháat~ (Ø motion) for the wind, weather to move in gusts to P
hold it; capture it; hold it captive
O-S-l-sháat~ (g̲a act) for S to hold, retain O in one's grasp; for S to capture, hold O captive
change one's mind
k̲ux̲ tu-S-d-sháat~ (ø motion) for S to change one's mind

celebrate

aa3 (7) grow, turn on, flow, run (fish), quake, daylight, celebrate
grow it (plant); turn it on (hose)
O-ka-S-s-.aa~ (na act) for S to cause O (plant) to grow; for S to turn on O (hose), cause O to flow
celebrate, set apart (a particular day)
O-k̲ei-S-s-.aa~ (na event) for S to celebrate O, set apart O (a particular day)
grow (of plant); flow, pour forth (of water)
ka-ø-.aa~ (na act) for a plant to grow; for a stream of water to flow, pour forth
grow (of plant)
ka-s-.aa~ (na act) for a plant to grow
daylight (become daylight, dawn)
k̲ei-ø-.aa (na event) for it to become daylight, dawn
run, migrate (of fish) VII
ya-ø-.aa~ (na motion) for fish to run, migrate
run, migrate (of fish) II
P-t~ ya-ø-.aa~ (Ø motion) for fish to run at P

change mind

charge

chase

keil'1 flee, run, chase
chase him/her/it out into the open
daak O-l-kéil'~ (ø motion) for S to chase O into the open

chill

aat' (5) cold, cool, chill
chill it; make it cold
O-S-s-.áat'~ (ø act) for S to make O cold, cool
cold (of weather)
k̲u-s-.áat' (ga state) for the weather to be cold
cold (feel cold, of person)
O-sa-ø-.áat'~ (Ø event) for O (person) to feel cold
cold (of inanimate object)
s-.áat' (Ø state) for an inanimate object to be cold
cold (of face)
O-ya-d-s-.áat'~ (Ø event) for O's face to be cold

chip

x̲oot'2 (2) chip
chip it out
O-S-ø-x̲óot'~ (Ø act) for S to chop O (wood); for S to chip O out (with adze)
chop it up; split it (wood)
O-ka-S-l-x̲óot' (g̲a act) for S to chop up O; for S to split O (wood)

choose

t'ook shoot, choose
shoot it (with bow and arrow); choose it (in gambling with sticks)
O-S-ø-t'óok~ (ø event) for S to shoot O (with bow and arrow); for S to choose O (in gambling with sticks)

chop

s'oow chop
chop it
O-S-ø-s'óow~ (na act) for S to chop O (esp. chopping down trees, chopping off branches)

claim

hein own, claim
own, claim it
O-S-ø-héin (na state) for S to own, claim O (esp. clan property)

clear

xaats' clear
clear (of sky), be clear, cloudless
a-ka-ø-xáats'~ (na event) for the sky to be clear, cloudless

climb

tl'eit' (2) climb
climb up along it I
N daax̲ kei S-d-l-tl'éit'~ (ø motion) for S to climb up along N (tree, rope, etc.) by holding on tightly
climb up along it IX
N yáx̲ S-d-l-tl'éit'~ (ga motion) for S to climb up along the face of N (mountain, cliff, fence, etc.)

close (by pulling)

yeesh (4) cover, pull, open (by pulling), close (by pulling)
pull it (light object) over it; cover it with it IX
N káx̲ O-S-ø-yeesh~ (g̲a motion) for S to pull O (fairly light object) over N; for S to cover N with O
pull it (light object)
P-dáx̲ kei O-S-ø-yeesh~ (ø motion) for S to pull O (a fairly light object) up out of P
pull it down; close it (window) by pulling down IX
P-x̲ O-S-ø-yeesh~ (g̲a motion) for S to pull O down along P; for S to close O (window) by pulling down along P
pull it up; open it (window) by pulling up I
(kínde) kei O-S-ø-yeesh~ (Ø motion) for S to pull O up; for S to open O (window) by pulling up

close2

l'oox (2) close2
close one's eyes (really closed, as when sleeping)
ka-S-d-l'oox~ (Ø event) for S to close eyes
closed (of eyes)
(N waak̲) ka-d-l'oox~ (Ø event) for N's eyes to be closed

cloudy

góos' cloudy
cloudy
k̲u-l-góos' (ga state) for the sky to be cloudy

club

x̲eech (4) club, spill, slam, throw
club him/her/it; hit him/her/it on the head
O-sha-S-ø-x̲eech~ (ø event) for S to club, hit O on the head
throw it to him/her/it (liquid) II
P-t~ O-ka-S-ø-x̲eech~ (Ø motion) for S to throw O (esp. liquid) to P
slam it shut (door, lid)
P-t~ O-shu-S-ø-x̲eech~ (Ø motion) for S to slam O (door, lid) at P
spill, upset it
yax̲ O-ka-S-ø-x̲eech~ (ø event) for S to spill, upset O

clutch

g̲ook clutch
clutch, hold tightly
O-ka-S-ø-g̲ook~ (Ø event) for S to clutch, hold tightly onto O

cold

color

seik̲'w (3) stain, dye, color
dye it; stain it; color it
O-ka-S-l-séik̲'w~ (ø act; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for S to stain, dye, color the surface of O
stained, dyed, colored
O-ka-d-séik̲'w~ (ø event) for O to be stained, dyed, colored
dye, color, stain (face, hair, etc.); put on one's makeup
ya-ka-S-d-l-séik̲'w~ (ø act; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for S to put on makeup

colored

yeis' discolored, colored, bruised
bruised; discolored; colored
O-ka-d-yéis'~ (ø event) for O to be colored, discolored, bruised

come

k'eet' (3) leave, go, come
leave, go, come to it (of group of people) II
P-t~ O-ka-d-k'éet'~ (Ø motion) for O (group of people) to all leave, go or come to P
go (of group of people) VII
P-dé O-ka-d-k'éet'~ (na motion) for O (group of people) to all leave, go or come to P
pick berries
k̲u-S-ø-k'éet'~ (ø act; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for S to pick berries (esp. pick in quantity to take home)

come to

daak̲1 sober up, come to
sober up, regain consciousness, come to
N daa a-ø-daak̲~ (na event) for N to sober up

come to senses

aa2 (2) examine, kiss, consider, think over, come to senses
examine, inspect it; judge, assess it
N daa ya-S-d-s-.aa~ (na act) for S to examine, inspect, look into, judge, assess N
kiss him/her
N x̲'éi-t~ ya-S-d-s-.aa~ (ø motion) for S to kiss N

comfortable

x'aak̲w (3) forget, comfortable
forget
N ká-t~ O-sa-ø-x'aak̲w~ (ø event) for O to forget N
comfortable, sit or lie comfortably
sh ka-S-d-j-x'aak̲w~ (na event) for S to be comfortable, sit or lie comfortably
comfortable, sit or lie comfortably
yan~ sh ka-S-d-j-x'aak̲w~ (Ø motion) for S to be comfortable, sit or lie comfortably

command

naa3 order, send, command, give
send him/her there; order him/her to go there; give it (in accordance with clan relationship
O-ka-u-S-ø-náa (na act; CV́V Imp/Hort/Pot) for S to order (esp. to go), send, command O; (fig.) for S to give O (esp. in accordance with clan relationship)

commend

sheix̲' praise, commend
praise him/her; commend him/her
O-ka-S-ø-shéex̲'~ (ø act) for S to praise, glorify O; for S to approve, commend O; for S to comment on O

compose

shee2 compose
compose a song
at ka-S-l-shee~ (na event) for S to compose songs (esp. about opposite clan)

computer

kashóok' tlageiyí
(Lit: electric brain)

Keyword(s):

concentrate

xeech exert, concentrate
exert one's full strength on it; concentrate on it
O-S-ø-xeech~ (ø event) for S to exert one's full strength on, strive for O; for S to concentrate on, put effort into O

confess

confused

g̲aat (7) dizzy, confused, sprinkle, sift, wander
sift it
O-ka-S-l-g̲áat~ (Ø act) for S to sift O
sprinkle it, scatter it carefully
O-ka-S-l-g̲átch (na act) for S to sprinkle, scatter O carefully
wander, wander around trying to find the way
P-t yaa k̲u-S-d-l-g̲áat (na motion) for S to wander around at P; for S to wander around at P trying to find the way
trap it, catch it in trap (deadfall or other, but not fishtrap)
O-S-d-s-g̲aat~ (Ø event) for S to trap, catch O in trap (deadfall or other, but not fishtrap)
dizzy (be dizzy)
N daa yaa k̲u-ø-g̲áat~ (Ø event) for N to be dizzy
dizzy (make him/her dizzy)
N daa yaa k̲u-S-l-g̲áat~ (Ø event) for S to make N dizzy
forget him/her/it
yaa O-k̲u-S-l-g̲áat~ (Ø event) for S to forget O

connect

xaat1 (4) pull tight, tie, connect
connect, attach, tie it there
(P-dé) O-ka-S-s-xaat~ (Ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to connect, attach, tie O (to P)
connected, attached, tied there
P-(dé) ka-s-xaat~ (Ø state; CV́C Hort/Pot) for something to be connected, attached, tied (to) P
tight (of lid, rope, etc.)
ka-ø-xaat~ (Ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for a lid, rope, etc. to be tight
pull it tight
O-ka-S-s-xaat~ (ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to tighten, pull on O (something fastened at the other end)

consider

constipate

deek' (2) constipate
constipate him/her; plug it
O-S-s-déek'~ (Ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to constipate, plug O
constipated, plugged
O-d-s-déek'~ (Ø event; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for O to be constipated, plugged

contain

yeik2 hold, contain
hold more, contain more; hold a lot (of container)
l-yék (ga state) for something to hold more, contain more; for something to hold a lot

cook

ee (3) cook
cook
at S-s-.ee~ (ø act) for S to cook
cook it
O-S-s-.ee~ (ø act) for S to cook O
cooked
yan~ ø-.ee~ (ø motion) for food to be cooked, done cooking

cook

tseek cook, barbecue, broil
barbecue it; broil it
O-S-l-tseek~ (ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to broil O slowly, cook O directly over live coals, barbecue

cook

x̲'aal'1 cook, dip
cook herring eggs by dipping briefly in boiling water and oil
O-ka-S-sh-x̲'áal'~ (Ø event; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for S to cook O (herring eggs) by dipping in boiling water and oil

cool

Cool it!; Calm down!

Ch'a keetáanáx!

Keyword(s):

cooperation, working together

wooch een yéi jidané

Keyword(s):

copy

kaa2 copy, make a face
copy him/her/it; copy what s/he said; make a face at him/her
O-ka-S-d-kaa (na act) for S to copy O

cork up

deex' (2) cork up, shut, cover
cork it up (bottle); shut, cover his/her/its mouth
O-x̲'e-S-ø-déex'~ (ø event) for S to cork up (bottle), shut mouth of O
plug it (a hole)
O-S-ø-déex'~ (Ø event) for S to plug up O (a hole in a surface)

cough

kook̲ cough
cough
a-S-d-s-kook̲~ (Ø state) for S to cough

count

toow (6) read, count, teach, learn
read it, count it
O-S-ø-tóow (na act) for S to read O
teach him/her
P-x' at S-l-tóow (ø act) for S to teach P
teach it to him/her
P-x' O-S-l-tóow (ø act) for S to teach O to P
study; teach oneself
sh tóo at S-d-l-tóow (ø act) for S to study, teach oneself
study, learn it; practice it
sh tóo O-S-d-l-tóow (ø act) for S to study, learn O; for S to practice, rehearse O
read, count
S-d-tóow (na act) for S to read, count

cover

cramp

shook' cramp, shock
cramps; shocked (by electricity)
O-ka-d-l-shóok'~ (ø event) for O to have cramps; for O to get shocked (by electricity)

crawl

g̲waat'1 (2) crawl
crawl VII
P-t S-d-g̲wáat'~ (na motion) for S (esp. child) to crawl around on hands and knees at P
crawl I
daak S-d-g̲wáat'~ (Ø motion) for S (esp. child) to crawl out (into the open) on hands and knees

crawl

tloox' crawl, creep
crawl on one's belly VII
P-dé S-ø-tlóox'~ (na motion) for S to creep, crawl on hands and toes with body close to ground (usually when stalking game) toward P

crazy

shoo2 crazy
crazy
sh ka-S-d-l-shoo~ (na event) for S to go crazy

crazy; insane; disturbed; mentally unbalanced

sh kahaadí

Keyword(s):

creep

tloox' crawl, creep
crawl on one's belly VII
P-dé S-ø-tlóox'~ (na motion) for S to creep, crawl on hands and toes with body close to ground (usually when stalking game) toward P

crochet

nei (3) weave, knit, crochet, respect
knit it; weave it; crochet it; mend it (net)
O-ka-S-s-nei~ (na act) for S to make O (cloth of any kind) (by weaving, knitting, or crocheting); for S to make or mend O (net)
respect him/her
N yáa a-ya-u-S-ø-néi (ga act) for S to respect, regard highly, think highly of N
knit; weave; crochet
ka-S-d-s-nei~ (ø act) for S to knit, weave, or crochet

crooked

teex̲' crooked, wicked, lock, screw, wind
wind it
O-ka-S-l-téex̲'~ (na event) for S to wind O

crooked

teix̲' (3) crooked, wicked, lock, screw, wind
screw it on it II
P-t~ O-ka-S-l-téex̲'~ (Ø motion) for S to screw O into P
crooked; wicked
O-ka-d-s-téix̲'~ (ø event) for O to be crooked, wicked
lock it
x̲'éi-t~ O-ka-S-l-téex̲'~ (ø event) for S to lock O

crowded

k̲'eek' crowded
crowded, jammed together
O-d-k̲'éek'~ (Ø event) for O to be crowded, jammed together

crowded

haa (14) dig, gather, time for it, hungry, obvious, want, remind, polish, injure, crowded, plant, have a turn
polish, rub until shiny
N daatx̲ k̲u-ka-S-s-haa~ (na act) for S to polish N; for S to rub N until shiny
remind, cause to remember, bring to mind
N káa daak O-sa-S-l-haa~ (Ø event; CV́V Hort/Pot) for S to remind O about N
garden; dig
a-ka-S-ø-haa~ (na act) for S to garden, dig
plant it (using spade); dig it
O-ka-S-ø-haa~ (na act) for S to plant O
crowd, crowded, gather VII
P-t~ O-ya-d-haa~ (Ø motion) for O to move in, come around, crowd at P (of large numbers, esp. people, birds)
time for it
P-t~ k̲u-ø-haa~ (ø motion) for the time to come for P
gather it; pick it up; take it up
O-ya-S-s-haa~ (ø act; CV́V Imp/Hort/Pot) for S to gather up, pick up, take up O
have a turn
N ée-t~ k̲u-ø-haa~ (ø motion) for N to have a turn
hungry (make him/her hungry)
N ée-t~ yaan-->O-S-s-haa~ (Ø motion) for S to make N hungry
hungry
N ée-t~ yaan ø-haa~ (ø motion) for N to be hungry
dig it up
kei O-ka-S-ø-haa~ (ø motion) for S to dig O up
injure oneself
sh tóo a-sha-S-d-l-háa (Ø event) for S to injure oneself
obvious; clearly visible
tlél ga-u-ø-háa (ga state) for something to be obvious, clearly visible
want (often with strong feeling); decide, be decided about, intend to; agree to, be willing to
(yéi) O-sa-S-ø-haa~ (na state) for S to want O (a certain way); for S to be decided about O; for S to agree to O

cry

g̲aax̲ (4) cry
cry (make him/her cry), cause him/her to cry
O-ka-S-s-g̲aax̲~ (na event) for S to make O cry, cause O to cry
ask for it; cry for it
O-S-d-s-g̲áax̲ (g̲a act) for S to cry for, ask for O
cry loudly; cry out, scream out (in fear or pain)
ka-S-d-g̲aax̲~ (ga act) for S to cry loudly (of child, or person in great pain), to cry out or scream (in fear or pain)
cry, weep; mourn, lament (singular subject)
S-ø-g̲aax̲~ (ga act) for (singluar) S to cry, weep; for (singular) S to mourn, lament

cry

tee2 (7) lie2, sit, cry, wear, take off (shirt, dress, coat)
lying there (to have a round, spherical object lying there)
P-t O-ka-S-ø-téen (position) for S to have (round, spherical) O lying at P
sit there (of solid, complex object)
P-t s-téen (position) for a solid, often complex object to sit at P
carry it, take it (general, often compact object) II
N jee-t~ O-S-ø-tee~ (ø motion) for S to give, take, hand O (general, esp. abstract objects) to N
cry, weep, mourn, howl (plural subject)
g̲ax̲-S-s-tee~ (ga act) for (plural) S to cry, weep, mourn; for (plural) S to howl (esp. of wolves)
take it off (shirt, dress, coat, etc.) I
kaax̲ kei O-S-d-tee~ (Ø motion) for S to take off O (shirt, dress, coat, etc.)
wear it; have it on
kát O-S-d-tee~ (position) for S to wear O
impregnate
yát N jee-t~ O-S-ø-tee~ (Ø motion) for S to get N pregnant with O (baby)

cure

neix̲ (2) save, heal, cure
save him/her/it; heal, cure him/her/it
O-S-s-neix̲ (g̲a event) for S to save O; for S to heal, cure O
saved, healed, cured, recovered; satisfied
O-ø-neix̲~ (g̲a event) for O to be saved; for O to be healed, cured, recover; for O to be satisfied

cure

s'eik̲ (2) tan, smoke, cure
tan it; smoke it; cure it by placing in smoke
áx̲ a-ka-S-l-s'eik̲~ (na event) for S to tan, smoke, cure something by placing in smoke
smoke (cigarettes, etc.)
sh x̲'a-S-d-s'eik̲ (na act) for S to smoke (cigarettes, etc.)

curious

jee1 wonder, curious, anxious
wonder about it; curious, anxious about it
O-ka-S-ø-jeek (na act) for S to wonder, be curious, anxious about O

cut

k̲'eik'w1 (2) cut, wound
cut him/her/it (human body, accidentally)
O-S-ø-k̲'éik'w~ (ø event) for S to cut O (human body), usually accidentally; for S to wound O with a sharp instrument
cut oneself
sh S-d-k̲'éik'w~ (ø event) for S to cut himself/herself, usually accidentally; for S to wound himself/herself with a sharp instrument

cut

xaash (6) cut, saw
cut it, saw it
O-S-ø-xaash~ (na act) for S to cut O with knife, saw O
cut, saw it off
O-S-ø-xaash~ (Ø act) for S to cut, saw O off (esp. cutting something off or cutting wood)
cut it up; carve it; slice it
O-ka-S-ø-xaash~ (g̲a event) for S to cut O in several pieces; for S to carve O (on surface); for S to slice O (e.g., bread)
cut his/her hair
O-sha-S-l-xaash~ (na act) for S to cut O's hair
cut it (esp. rope-like object)
O-S-l-xaash~ (na act) for S to cut O (esp. rope-like object)
cut
S-d-xaash~ (na act) for S to cut

Cute!

Óos'k'! / Óots'k'!

Keyword(s):

D

dance

l'eix̲ dance
dance
a-S-ø-l'eix̲ (na act) for S to dance

dangerous

x̲éitl'shan scary, dangerous
scary; dangerous
O-ka-u-l-x̲éitl'shán (ga state) for O to be scary, dangerous

dark

g̲eet (2) rain, snow, dark
precipitate (rain, snow, etc., esp. hard)
a-ø-g̲éet (na event) for rain, hail, snow to fall (often hard, in dark rainstorm)
dark (of sky)
k̲u-ka-j-g̲éet~ (ø event) for the sky to be dark

daylight

decide

aak̲w (7) give orders, decide, plan, try
try it, attempt it
O-ka-(u)-S-ø-.aak̲w (na act) for S to try, attempt O
plan it
O-ka-S-ø-.aak̲w~ (Ø act) for S to plan O
order him/her, give him/her instructions (esp. concerning work)
át O-ji-ka-u-S-ø-.aak̲w~ (na act) for S to give O orders, instructions (esp. concerning work)
give him/her orders; command, instruct him/her
át O-ka-S-ø-.aak̲w~ (na event) for S to give orders to, command, instruct O
give him/her an opportunity to speak; give him/her directions as to what to say
O-x̲'a-ka-(u)-S-ø-.aak̲w (na act) for S to give O an opportunity to speak; for S to give O directions as to what to say
decide about it; plan it
yan~ O-ka-S-ø-.aak̲w~ (ø motion) for S to make a decision about O; for S to finish planning O
order oneself to do it; make oneself do it
át sh ji-ka-S-d-.aak̲w~ (na event) for S to make oneself do something

deep

dlaan (2) deep
deep (of water, snow, etc.)
ø-dlaan~ (g̲a state) for water, snow, etc. to be deep, to be piled thickly
deep, thick, piled up (of snow, pine needles, etc)
yan~ ka-ø-dlaan~ (ø motion) for grain-like objects, pine needles, snow to be deep, thick, pile up

defeat

defecate

l'eel' (2) defecate
defecate
a-S-ø-l'éel'~ (Ø act) for S to defecate
poop oneself
sh daa a-S-d-l'éel'~ (Ø event) for S to poop oneself

defraud

delayed

seek1 delayed, prevented, held back
delayed, prevented, held back from plans (often due to inclement weather)
O-ya-ø-seek~ (ø event) for O to be delayed, prevented, held back from plans (often due to inclement weather)

dentures

áx kei saxíxji kaa ooxú
OR

kaa ooxú

Keyword(s):

deny

yaakw deny
deny, contradict, declare untrue
P-x̲ a-ka-u-S-l-yáakw (na state) for S to deny, cotradict, declare P untrue

desert

naak̲2 (3) let go, release, leave, desert, hand over
let go of, release him/her/it; leave, desert him/her/it; hand him/her/it over
O-ji-S-ø-naak̲~ (ø event) for S to let go, release, relinquish O; for S to leave, desert O; for S to hand over, deliver up O
quit, give up (esp. drinking)
O-x̲'a-S-ø-naak̲~ (Ø event) for S to quit, give up O (esp. drinking)
quit, stop work
ji-S-d-naak̲~ (Ø event) for S to quit, stop work

diarrhea

s'eex̲' (2) diarrhea
diarrhea (cause him/her to have diarrhea)
O-S-l-s'éex̲' (g̲a event) for S to cause O to have diarrhea
diarrhea (get, have diarrhea)
O-ø-s'éex̲' (g̲a event) for O to get, have diarrhea

die

difficult

dzee difficult, frustrating
difficult, almost impossible, hard (in abstract), frustrating
O-l-dzée (ga state) for O to be very difficult, frustrating, almost impossible, hard, (in abstract)

dig

dip

dirty

ch'eix̲'w (2) dirty, soil
soil it, get it dirty
O-S-l-ch'éix̲'w~ (ø event) for S to dirty, soil O (esp. clothing or person)
dirty (on surface)
O-l-ch'éix̲'w~ (ø event) for O to be dirty

disagree

disappoint

disappointed

t'ooch (3) sting, disappointed
disappoint him/her (lit. sting his/her mind)
N toowú O-S-l-t'ooch~ (Ø event) for S to disappoint N (lit. for S to sting N's mind)
disappointed (lit. mind is stinging)
N toowú l-t'ooch~ (Ø event) for N to be disappointed (lit. for N's mind to be stinging)
sting, be burning (from medicine)
l-t'ooch~ (Ø event) for medicine to sting, burn

discolored

yeis' discolored, colored, bruised
bruised; discolored; colored
O-ka-d-yéis'~ (ø event) for O to be colored, discolored, bruised

distant

lei far, distant
far, distant (that far, distant)
(yéi) ka-u-ø-lei~ (na state) for something to be (so) far, distant (in time or space)

dive

t'aakw slap, dive
dive into the water; slap tail down hard as going down in water (esp. of killerwhale and beaver)
a-d-sh-t'aakw~ (Ø event) for something to dive into the water; for something to slap tail down hard as going down in water (esp. of killerwhale and beaver)

dizzy

do

geet2 break (law), do
violate, break a law; do something wrong
at géit~ S-d-s-geet~ (ø event) for S to violate, break (law or custom), to do something wrong

do

neiʰ (16) give, take, show, happen, fix, ready, finish, dress up, do, work
carry them, take them (plural objects) IX
P-dáx̲ yéi O-S-s-neiʰ~ (ga motion) for S to pick up, lift up, take (plural) O (objects) up off of P
discipline, restrain, restrict, warn not to do, prevent from doing
O-ya-u-S-ø-nei~ (g̲a act) for S to discipline, restrain, restrict, warn or prevent O from doing something
get revenge, get even with him/her
chush yáa O-S-d-s-neiʰ~ (na event) for S to get revenge, get even with O
give, take, hand them to him/her (of plural objects)
N jee-t~ yéi O-S-s-neiʰ~ (ø motion) for S to give, take, hand (plural) O to N
demonstrate, show how to do it; perform it
N wak̲shiyeex' yéi O-S-s-neiʰ~ (na event) for S to demonstrate, perform publicly, show N how to do O by action
accident (have an accident); get hurt; happen (something bad to him/her)
k̲áakw-t~ O-ø-neiʰ~ (ø motion) for O to have an accident, get hurt; for something bad to happen to O
straighten it out; smooth it over
wooch yáx̲ O-S-s-neiʰ~ (na event) for S to straighten out O, smooth O over (literal or abstract)
finish it
yan~ O-S-s-neiʰ~ (ø motion) for S to finish, complete O
dressed up
yan~ sh S-d-s-neiʰ~ (ø event) for S to dress up
ready, complete, finished; permanent
yan~ O-ø-neiʰ~ (ø motion) for O to be permanent, happen for good; for O to be finished, complete, ready; for O to be prepared, ready
put them down, leave them (plural round, spherical objects)
yan~ yéi O-ka-S-s-neiʰ~ (ø motion) for S to put down, leave O (plural round objects)
work on it; do it
(yéi) O-daa-S-ø-neiʰ~ (na act) for S to do, perform O (a particular action); for S to work on O
happen
(yéi) at ø-neiʰ (na event) for something to happen
fix it; cause that to happen to it; do that to it
(yéi) O-S-s-neiʰ~ (na event) for S to do (that) to O; for S to fix, cause (that) to happen to O
work; do
yéi ji-S-ø-neiʰ~ (na act) for S to work; for S to do
happen, occur to him/her/it
(yéi) O-ø-neiʰ (na event) for (that) to happen, occur to O

Do you love me?

Xat isixán gé?

Keyword(s):

dominate

xoots2 dominate
dominate (try to dominate) or trounce, attempt to overpower (like brown bear)
N een sh ka-S-d-l-xoots~ (Ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to try to dominate or trounce or attempt to overpower N (like a brown bear)

donate

g̲eex' (6) donate, load, shoot, lose, throw
donate it; load it (gun); shoot it (basketball)
O-ka-S-ø-g̲éex' (na event) for S to donate O (esp. money); for S to load O (gun), put bullet in; for S to shoot O (basketball)
contribute to it; donate to it; add to it
P-t~ ka-S-d-g̲éex'~ (ø motion) for S to donate, contribute, add to P
contribute, donate
ka-S-d-g̲éex'~ (na event) for S to donate, contribute
throw it up in the air (esp. ball) I
kei O-ka-S-ø-g̲éex'~ (ø motion) for S to throw O (esp. ball) up in the air
lose it
k̲ut O-S-ø-g̲éex'~ (ga motion) for S to lose O
lose it (round, spherical object)
k̲ut O-ka-S-ø-g̲éex'~ (ga motion) for S to lose O (round, spherical object)

Don’t wear your hats in school.

Hél s’áaxw yéi gaxyee.óo yá sgóonx’.
(Lit: you won’t wear your hats in school (this is the “prescriptive” use of the future tense).

Keyword(s):

drag

xaat' drag, pull
drag it; pull it VII
P-dáx̲ O-S-s-xáat'~ (na motion) for S to drag, pull O (esp. heavy object or limp object such as dead animal) away from P; for S to haul, transport O (by non-motor power) away from P

drag

x̲oot'1 (3) drag, pull, fish
drag him/her; pull him/her VII
P-dé O-S-ø-x̲óot'~ (na motion) for S to drag, pull O (esp. person) to P; for S to pull O in quick movements to P
drag, pull it there; haul, transport it there (by motor power)
P-dé O-S-s-x̲óot'~ (na motion) for S to drag, pull O to P; for S to haul, transport O (by motor power) to P
sportfish, cast
sha-S-d-l-x̲óot' (na act) for S to fish with rod, sportfish, cast

drain

chaa strain, filter, drain
strain, filter it; drain it off
O-ka-S-l-chaa~ (ø act) for S to strain, filter, drain off O

drain

koox (2) drain, dry, thirsty
drain out, go dry (of kettle or other container)
ka-l-koox~ (na event) for a kettle, container etc. to drain out, go dry
thirsty; dry
O-sha-ø-koox~ (ø event) for O to be thirsty; for O to be dry

dress

g̲eiy dress
dress up, smarten up, make an effort to look different
sh ka-S-d-j-g̲eiy (Ø event) for S to dress up, smarten up, make an effort to look different

dress

dress up

drift

haash (3) float, drift
float, drift VII
P-t O-l-haash~ (na motion) for O to float, drift around at P
drift, float to it
P-t~ O-l-haash~ (ø motion) for O to float, drift to P
float, drift out to sea I
daak O-l-haash~ (ø motion) for O to float, drift out to sea

drill

tool (5) roll up, drill, spin
drill it, bore hole in it
O-S-ø-tool~ (Ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to drill, bore hole in O
drill it; spin it (make it spin)
O-ka-S-l-tool~ (na event) for S to make O spin; for S to drill O
spin it
O-ka-S-l-tool~ (na event) for S to spin O, make O spin
roll up (anything flat and flexible)
O-ka-S-l-tool~ (Ø act) for S to roll up O (anything flat and flexible)
spin (top, etc.)
ø-tool~ (Ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for something (top, etc.) to spin

drink

look drink
drink in sips, sip (esp. hot liquids)
O-S-ø-look~ (Ø act) for S to drink O in sips, sip O (esp. hot liquids)

drink

naa2 (2) drink
drink
at S-d-naa~ (ø act) for S to drink
drink it
O-S-d-naa~ (ø act) for S to drink O

drink

s'ík̲s' drink
drink by sucking, drink through a straw
O-S-ø-s'eek̲~ (Ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to drink O by sucking; for S to drink O through a straw

drip

x'aas drip, leak
drip, leak (at fairly fast rate)
ka-l-x'áas (ø event) for something to drip, leak (at fairly fast rate)

drop

dry

xook (2) dry
dry it
O-S-s-xook~ (Ø act) for S to dry O (by any method)
dry
ø-xook~ (ø event) for something to be dry, dried

dry

x̲'aan dry, smoke
dry fish, meat
at S-ø-x̲'aan~ (ø act) for S to dry (fish, meat) over fire, smoke lightly

dull

g̲eel blunt, dull
dull, blunt
ya-d-g̲éel~ (ø event) for an edge to be blunt, dull

dump

xaa (3) pour, dump
pour it out; dump it out
P-dé O-ka-S-ø-xaa~ (na motion) for S to pour O into P, pour O out at P; for S to dump, empty O in one mass (by turning over container) at P
pour it
P-dé O-ya-S-s-xaa~ (na motion) for S to pour O on/in P
pour it, dump it II
P-t~ O-ka-S-s-xaa~ (ø motion) for S to pour, dump, empty O at P

dye

E

eat

x̲aa1 (3) eat
eat it
O-S-ø-x̲aa~ (ø act) for S to eat O
eat
at S-ø-x̲aa~ (ø act) for S to eat
eat it up; consume it
yax̲ O-ya-S-s-x̲aa~ (ø event) for S to eat up, finish, consume O (eating lots of pieces)

electricity; electric

kashóok'

Keyword(s):

email (Lit: electric language)

kashóok' yoo x'atánk

Keyword(s):

end

x̲een (4) fall, spill, open, end
fall, drop on it (of solid, hard object)
N-t~ j-x̲een~ (ø motion) for a hard, solid object to fall, drop
open (be open, of season, show) V
N-x̲'éidáx̲ shu-ya-u-d-sh-x̲een~ (Ø motion) for N (season, show, etc.) to be open
end, close, finish (of season, show, etc.) II
yan~ shu-d-sh-x̲een~ (Ø motion) for a season, show, etc. to come to an end, close, finish
spill (of liquid) III
yax̲ ka-d-sh-x̲een~ (Ø motion)

end

kees' (5) put out, hoarse, end
put it out (fire); turn it off (light)
O-ya-ka-S-l-kées'~ (ø event) for S to put out, extinguish O (fire); for S to turn off O (light)
hoarse (make him/her have hoarse, scratchy voice)
N satú --> O-ka-S-l-kées'~ (Ø event; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for S to make N have hoarse, scratchy voice
hoarse (have hoarse or scratchy voice), have a tickle in the throat
N satú / N leitóox̲ ka-Ø-kées'~ (Ø event; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for N's voice to be hoarse, scratchy (with N satú); for N to have a tickle in the throat (with N leitóox̲)
go out (of fire, light)
ya-ka-l-kées'~ (ø event) for a fire, light to go out
end, pass (of month)
(ya-)ka-ø-kées'~ (Ø event; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for a month to end, pass

end

entice

dootl2 entice
entice, call or bring to oneself (esp. child or wild animal) II
tóo-t~ O-ka-S-l-dootl~ (Ø motion) for S to entice, call, or bring O to oneself (esp. child or wild animal)

examine

exert

expect

explain

explode

took2 explode, blow up
explode, blow up
kei sh-tóok~ (ø event) for something to explode, blow up

extend

shoo1 (2) extend
extend up there (esp. of road) I
P-x̲ kei l-shoo~ (Ø motion) for a complex object (esp. road) to extend up to P
extend around it (esp. road) V
P-x̲ ya-u-ø-shoo~ (Ø motion) for a slender item (esp. road) to extend around, along P

F

fair-skinned

woo2 (2) fair-skinned
fair-skinned, fair complexioned
O-d-l-wóo (Ø state) for O to be fair-skinned, fair complexioned
powder one's face
ya-ka-S-d-l-wóo (Ø act) for S to powder one's face

fall

geet1 (7) fall, wake up, lost
fall into it
P-dé O-d-s-geet~ (na motion) for O (live creature) to fall into P
fall, trip
P-náx̲ yei O-d-s-geet~ (ø motion) for O (live creature) to fall down, trip over P
fall into, against it
P-t~ O-d-s-geet~ (ø motion) for O (live creature) to fall into, against P
fall (esp. off of something)
daak O-d-s-geet~ (ø motion) for O to fall (esp. off of something)
wake him/her up; rouse him/her from sleep
kei O-S-s-geet~ (ø motion) for S to wake O up, rouse O from sleep
wake up
kei O-s-geet~ (ø motion) for O to wake up
lost
k̲ut O-d-s-geet~ (ga motion) for O to lose oneself, be lost, usure of one's location

fancy

g̲ei (4) proud, fancy, pretty
proud, pleased
N toowú ka-l-g̲éi (ga state) for N to be proud of, highly pleased with
fancy, prominent, conspicuous, attracting attention
O-ka-l-g̲éi (ga state) for O to be fancy, prominent (esp. in appearance), conspicuous, attracting attention
proud (esp. of oneself), conceited; particular, picky
sh tu-ka-S-d-l-g̲éi (ga state) for S to be proud (esp. of oneself), conceited; for S to be particular, picky, snooty
pretty, cute
O-sha-ka-l-g̲éi (ga state) for O to be pretty, cute

far

lei far, distant
far, distant (that far, distant)
(yéi) ka-u-ø-lei~ (na state) for something to be (so) far, distant (in time or space)

fascinating

tées'shán fascinating, sight
sight to behold; fascinating to watch
ka-u-l-tées'shán (ga state) for something to be fascinating to watch, to be a wonderful sight

fast1

sátk fast1
fast (at doing things)
O-ø-sátk (ga state) for O to be fast (at doing things)

fat

neitl fat, gain weight
fat; gain weight
O-d-l-neitl~ (Ø event) for O to gain weight; for O to get fat

fear

x̲eitl' afraid, fear
afraid of it, fear it
P-x' a-ka-u-S-d-l-x̲éitl' (ga state) for S to be afraid of, fear P

feel

fight

gaaw (3) fight
fight for, defend
N káx̲ k̲u-S-l-gaaw (na act) for S to fight for, defend N
loud-voiced
O-sa-l-gaaw (ga state) for O to be loud-voiced, noisy in speech
fight
(N een) k̲u-S-l-gaaw (na act) for S to fight (with N)

fill

heek (3) fill, finish
fill it (with solids or abstracts)
O-sha-S-l-heek~ (ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to fill O (with solids or abstracts)
full
O-sha-ø-heek~ (ø event) for O to be filled, be full (general and abstract)
finish, complete it
yan~ O-sha-S-l-heek~ (ø motion) for S to finish, complete O

fill

ook (2) boil, tumble, advance, fill
boil it
O-S-l-.ook~ (ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to boil O (esp. water)
boil
d-l-.óok~ (ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for something to boil

fill

tl'eet' fill
fill it (with liquid)
O-sha-S-l-tl'éet'~ (ø event) for S to fill O to overflowing (with liquid)

filter

chaa strain, filter, drain
strain, filter it; drain it off
O-ka-S-l-chaa~ (ø act) for S to strain, filter, drain off O

find

t'ei1 (2) find
find it
O-S-ø-t'ei (ga event) for S to find O (usually as the result of searching)
find it (usually round, spherical object)
O-ka-S-ø-t'ei (ga event) for S to find O (usually round, spherical object)

finish

fire

aak1 fire
build a fire
shóo-t~ a-S-d-.aak~ (ø event) for S to build a fire (using wood)

fish

g̲eiwoo seine, fish
fish (with net); seine
a-S-s-g̲eiwú (na act) for S to fish with net, seine

fish

t'eix̲ fish, troll
fish (with hook); troll
a-S-d-s-t'eix̲ (na act) for S to fish with hooks, catch on a hook, troll

fish

fix

flee

keil'1 flee, run, chase
chase him/her/it out into the open
daak O-l-kéil'~ (ø motion) for S to chase O into the open

flee

haan1 (4) stand, flee
flee, run from, turn back from (singular subject)
(N nák̲) a-ya-S-d-haan~ (na motion) for (singular) S to flee, run, turn back (from N)
stand (for singular subject to be standing)
S-ø-hán (position) for (singular) S to be standing
stand up, rise (singular subject)
S-d-haan~ (ga event) for (singular) S to stand up, rise
stand (stay standing; stand firm, singular subject)
yan~ S-ø-haan~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to keep standing; for (singular) S to stand firm

float

flow

fly

k̲een (3) fly
fly (singular subject) VII
P-dé S-d-k̲een~ (na motion) for (singular) S (bird, or persons in a plane) to fly toward P
fly (singular subject) II
P-t~ S-d-k̲een~ (Ø motion) for S to fly to P (of a bird or persons in a plane)
new (of moon)
ya-d-s-k̲een~ (Ø event) for the moon to be new

foggy

gwaas' foggy
foggy (of weather)
k̲u-d-gwáas'~ (ø event) for the weather to be foggy

fold up

follow

foolish

gei2 (3) undertand, intelligent, foolish
understand, comprehend
N daa yaa k̲u-shu-s-géi (ga state) for N to understand, comprehend
foolish, dull, unwise, crazy
tlél yaa k̲u-S-d-sh-géi (ga state) for S to be foolish, dull, unwise, or crazy
intelligent, smart, wise
yaa k̲u-S-d-s-géi (ga state) for S to be intelligent, smart, wise

forbidden

forget

forgive

fragrant

ts'aa fragrant, sweet-smelling
fragrant, sweet-smelling
O-l-ts'áa (ga state) for O to be fragrant, sweet-smelling

frustrate

frustrating

dzee difficult, frustrating
difficult, almost impossible, hard (in abstract), frustrating
O-l-dzée (ga state) for O to be very difficult, frustrating, almost impossible, hard, (in abstract)

fry

s'ook toast, fry
fry it; toast it
O-ka-S-l-s'ook~ (ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to toast O (bread); for S to fry O (usually till crisp)

fun

goo1 (3) happy, want, like, fun
happy, glad
N toowú s-góo (ga state) for N to be happy, glad
want, like
N tuwáa S-s-góo (ga state) for N to want, like, desire S; for S to be pleasing to N
unhappy, lonesome
tlél O-tu-sh-góo (ga state) for O to be unhappy, lonesome

G

gaff

k'eex̲' (3) hook, gaff, hung up
hook it; gaff it (of fish)
O-S-ø-k'éex̲'~ (ø event) for S to hook O; for S to gaff O
hook it in the head; gaff it in the head (of fish)
O-sha-S-ø-k'éex̲'~ (ø event) for S to hook O in the head; for S to gaff O in the head
delayed; stuck, hung up there; hooked
P-náx̲ O-sh-k'éex̲'~ (ga motion) for O to get delayed, stuck, hung up, hooked at P

gain weight

neitl fat, gain weight
fat; gain weight
O-d-l-neitl~ (Ø event) for O to gain weight; for O to get fat

gamble

k̲aa3 gamble, play
gamble, play cards
a-S-d-l-k̲áa (na act) for S to gamble (by means of gambling sticks, dice, etc.); for S to play cards

gather

gather together

get

get rid of

tl'eet abandon, get rid of
abandon, desert, leave; throw away, dispose of, get rid of
O-S-l-tl'eet~ (na act) for S to abandon, desert, leave O; for S to throw away, dispose of, get rid of O

get up

k̲ee (3) sit, get up
sit (for plural subjects to be seated)
S-ø-k̲ee~ (position) for (plural) S to be seated
rise, get up (plural subject)
sha-S-d-k̲ee~ (ø event) for (plural) S to get up, rise
sit down (plural subject)
S-ø-k̲ee~ (g̲a event) for (plural) S to sit, sit down (esp. act of sitting)

get up

give

give orders

give up

xaach give up, put off
despair, give up hope; put off, defer, delay doing, give up
(P-x') a-S-l-xaach~ (na event) for S to despair, give up hope (on P); for S to put off, defer, delay doing, or give up doing P

go

go (by motorized vehicle)

k̲oox̲1 (10) go (by motorized vehicle)
go in motorized vehicle V
N daax̲ ya-u-S-ø-k̲oox̲~ (ø motion) for S to circle, drive around N in a motor vehicle
drive it VII
P-dé O-S-s-k̲oox̲~ (na motion) for S to drive O (boat, car) to P
drive it II
P-t~ O-S-s-k̲oox̲~ (ø motion) for S to drive O (boat, car) to P
go in motorized vehicle II
P-t~ S-ø-k̲oox̲~ (ø motion) for S to travel, go to P (by boat, car)
go in motorized vehicle VI
a-ya-u-S-d-k̲oox̲~ (ø motion) for S to turn back, return by boat
go in motorized vehicle I
daak S-ø-k̲oox̲~ (ø motion) for S to go out to sea (in a boat); for S to move into the open (in a boat, car)
go in motorized vehicle III
g̲unéi S-ø-k̲oox̲~ (ø motion) for S to begin traveling, going by boat or car
go in motorized vehicle IX
k̲ut S-ø-k̲oox̲~ (ga motion) for S to get lost (going by motorized vehicle)
go in motorized vehicle VII
P-dé S-ø-k̲oox̲~ (na motion) for S to travel, go toward P (in a boat, car)
go along (keep on going) (by boat, car)
yaa S-ø-k̲oox̲~ (ga motion) for S to be going, traveling along (by boat, car)

go out (tide)

laa1 (3) melt, go out (tide)
ebb, go out (of tide) IX
(P-x̲) ø-laa~ (g̲a motion) for the tide to ebb, go out (from under P)
melt, dissolve, thaw
l-laa~ (ø event) for something to melt, dissolve, thaw
go out, low (of tide)
yan~ ø-laa~ (ø motion) for the tide to go out, be low

go to bathroom

good

k'ei (6) good
improve it; make peace with him/her
O-S-l-k'éi~ (ga event) for S to improve O; for S to make peace, make up with O (after quarrel)
happy, glad, feel fine
N toowú ø-k'éi (ga state) for N to be glad, happy, feel fine
taste good (like the taste of it)
N x̲'é ø-k'éi (ga state) for N to like the taste of something
good (of weather)
k̲u-ø-k'ei~ (g̲a state) for the weather to be good
bad, evil
tlél O-sh-k'éi (ga state) for O to be bad, evil, no good
good, fine, pretty
O-ø-k'éi (ga state) for O to be good, fine, pretty

Good luck!; Have faith!; Keep hoping!

Yan tután!
This expression can be used in situations such as wishing someone luck when going to bingo or going hunting, or if someone is sick and needs encouragement.

Keyword(s):

good-looking

aan1 (2) kind, good-looking
kind, gentle
O-tu-l-.aan (ga state) for O to be kind, gentle
attractive, good-looking, pleasant-faced
O-ya-ka-s-.aan (ga state) for O to be attractive, good-looking, pleasant-faced

gossip

green

x̲'aat' unripe, green
unripe; green and hard (of berries)
ka-d-l-x̲'át' (state) for berries to be unripe, green and hard

grind

xaakw whip, grind
grind it up; beat it, whip it up (soapberries)
O-ka-S-l-xaakw~ (Ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to grind up O; for S to beat, whip O up (soapberries)

grow

waat (3) raise, grow
raise him/her/it; grow it
O-S-s-wáat~ (ø act) for S to raise O (child, animal); for S to grow O (plant)
grow up (in size, maturity)
O-ø-wáat~ (ø event) for O to grow up (size and maturity) (esp. of human and animal)
full (of moon)
yan~ ya-ø-wáat~ (Ø event) for the moon to be full

grow

growl

toox̲' growl, gurgle
growl, gurgle (of stomach)
ka-s-tóox̲' (ø act) for the stomach to growl, gurgle

gurgle

toox̲' growl, gurgle
growl, gurgle (of stomach)
ka-s-tóox̲' (ø act) for the stomach to growl, gurgle

H

habit

hairy

x̲aaw hairy
hairy
N daa-d-s-x̲áaw (ga state) for N to have a hairy body

hand over

happen

happy

hard

t'eex' (4) hard
harden, cake up
ka-ø-t'éex' (ga state) for something to harden, cake up
hard (esp. of round object)
ka-s-t'éex' (ga state) for something to be hard (esp. of round object)
difficult, hard (in abstract)
ø-t'éex' (ga state) for something to be hard (abstract), difficult
freeze, frozen; harden; solidify
d-l-t'éex'~ (ø event) for something to harden, solidify; for something to freeze

hate

k'aan hate
hate him/her/it
O-S-sh-k'aan~ (ga state) for S to hate O

Hats aren’t to be worn inside.

Tlél s'áaxwx' neilx' yéi du.úxx'.

Keyword(s):

have a turn

Have faith and it shall be so.

Yan tután, aagáa yéi kgwatee.

Keyword(s):

He was a casualty of advocating for the people.

A káa yéix wusitee káa káx yoo x'atángi.

Keyword(s):

He went courting.

Asháax'w woogoot.
(This could refer to the groom-to-be in search of a bride, or to the uncle or father of the bride-to-be.)

Keyword(s):

heal

heat

t'aaʰ (5) warm, heat
warm it up
O-S-s-t'aaʰ~ (ø act) for S to warm O (water, etc.)
comfort him/her
N toowú S-l-t'aaʰ~ (ø act; CV́V Imp/Hort/Pot) for S to comfort N
hot, warm (of weather)
k̲u-ø-t'aaʰ~ (ø state) for the weather to be warm, hot
warm, hot
ø-t'aaʰ~ (ø event) for something to be warm, hot
hot
ya-ø-t'aaʰ~ (ø event) for something to be hot, heated

held back

help

shee1 (4) help, touch, hope
hope for it; expect it; desire it
át a-S-d-shee~ (ø event) for S to hope, desire and expect something
touch, pick up
á-t~ S-ø-shee~ (ø motion) for S to touch, take, pick up
help, assist him/her
N ée-t~ S-d-shee~ (ø event) for S (person, medicine, etc.) to help, give help to, assist N
put arm(s) around him/her V
N séináx̲ ya-u-S-ø-shee~ (Ø motion) for S to put arm(s) around N

hide

seen (2) hide
hide oneself
a-S-d-l-seen~ (ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to hide oneself, remain out of sight
hide it; put it out of sight, conceal
O-S-l-seen~ (ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to hide, conceal, put O out of sight

hit

hoarse

hold

yeik2 hold, contain
hold more, contain more; hold a lot (of container)
l-yék (ga state) for something to hold more, contain more; for something to hold a lot

hole

wool hole
hole (have a hole, outlet)
ø-wóol (ga state) for something to have a hole, outlet

hook

hope

hot

t'aax̲' hot
hot (of fire); throw, radiate heat II
P-t~ s-t'áax̲'~ (Ø motion) for a fire, etc. to be hot, radiate, throw out heat at P

How many (turns) does s/he have (in context of playing a game)?

X'oon sá du aayí?

Keyword(s):

How many teeth do you have?

X'oon sá yatee i oox?

Keyword(s):

How much (money) did you find under your pillow?

Wáa sá i shayeidí tayeedáx yeet'ei?

Keyword(s):

How much money did the tooth fairy give you?

X'oon dáanaa sá i jeet akaawatée wé kaa oox kookénayi?

Keyword(s):

hug

dootl hug
hug him/her II
N séit~ ka-S-d-dootl~ (Ø motion) for S to hug N

hung up

hungry

nook2 (9) hungry
hungry for it, crave it
P-dáx̲ x̲'a-S-d-nook~ (Ø event) for S to be hungry for, crave P
touch, feel it (esp. with hands)
jée O-S-d-nook~ (ø state) for S to touch, feel O (esp. with hands)
blow, be felt (of breeze, light wind)
du-ø-nook~ (ø event) for the wind to blow, be felt (esp. a breeze, light wind)
angry, mad, mean
x'áan-t~ S-ø-nook~ (ø motion) for S to be angry, mad, mean
taste it
x̲'éi O-S-d-nook~ (ø state) for S to taste, sample O
prove, verify, find out and be sure of; investigate, make trial of, test out
yan~ O-ka-S-nook~ (Ø motion) for S to prove, verify, find out and be sure of O; for S to investigate, make trial of, test out O
do, behave like, act (in a certain way)
(yéi) k̲u-S-ø-nook~ (na act) for S to behave, do, act (in a certain way)
feel (a certain way)
(yéi) sh tu-S-d-nook~ (na state) for S to feel (that way) (esp. physical sensation)
taste (a certain way)
(yéi) du-ø-nook (Ø state) for something to taste (a certain way)

hungry

hunt

l'oon (2) hunt
hunt
a-S-ø-l'óon (na act) for S to hunt
hunt it, stalk it
O-S-ø-l'óon (na act) for S to hunt O (wild game)

hurry

wootl hurry
hurry
sh yáa S-d-wootl~ (Ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to be in a hurry

I

I am (clan).

(Clan) naax xat sitee.

Keyword(s):

I am building/making a canoe

Yaakw xalayéix.

Keyword(s):

I am building/making a totem pole.

Kootéeyaa xalayéix.

Keyword(s):

I am carving a canoe.

Yaakw kaxach’áak’w.

Keyword(s):

I am carving a totem pole.

Kootéeyaa kaxach’áak’w.

Keyword(s):

I am Eagle.

Ch’áak’x xat sitee.
OR
Ch'áak' áyá xát.

Keyword(s):

I am going to the dentist.

Kaa oox yéi daanéiyi xánde kkwagóot.

Keyword(s):

I am grateful for my family this Thanksgiving day.

Sh tugáa xat ditee ax t’aakx’í yá gunalchéesh yagiyeeyí.

Keyword(s):

I am grateful that we are together.

Sh toogáa xat ditee woochxán yéi haa wdateeyí.

Keyword(s):

I am grateful; I am thankful.

Sh tugáa xat ditee.

Keyword(s):

I am Raven.

Yéilx xat sitee.
OR
Yéil áyá xát.

Keyword(s):

I am thankful for you.

I kaax gunalchéesh yéi ax toowú yatee.

Keyword(s):

I am very thankful that we are family.

Sh tugáa xat ditee ax wooch xooníx haa sateeyí ldakát uháan.

Keyword(s):

I don't like going to the dentist.

Tlél ax tuwáa ushgú kaa oox yéi daanéiyi xánde xwagoodí.
OR
Tlél ax tuwáa ushgú kaa oox yéi daanéiyi xán xagoodí.

Keyword(s):

I don’t have enough money.

Tlél a yáx dáanaa ax jee.

Keyword(s):

I don’t remember it; I didn’t think of it.

Tlél a kát ax sawutí.

Keyword(s):

I don’t remember it; It didn’t come to mind.

Tlél a káa daak xat sawuhá.

Keyword(s):

I feel thankful for my children.

Gunalchéesh yéi ax toowú yatee ax yátx’i yís.

Keyword(s):

I feel very thankful.

Gunalchéesh yéi ax toowú yatee.

Keyword(s):

I got a sticker from the dentist.

Kas'íx'waa ax jeet aawatée wé kaa oox yéi daanéiyi.

Keyword(s):

I have enough money (for it).

A yáx dáanaa ax jeewú.

Keyword(s):

I hope I win.

Gu.aal yaxwadlaagík.

Keyword(s):

I hope to see you soon.

Át axwdishée ixwsateení ch'a yóok'.

Keyword(s):

I let him take the blame (Lit: I threw it on him).

Du káa yan xwaagíx'.

Keyword(s):

I love you forever

Tle tleix ixsixán.

Keyword(s):

I love you.

Ixsixán.

Keyword(s):

I really love you.

Kúnáx xá ixsixán.

Keyword(s):

I remember it; It comes to mind.

A káa daak xat seiwa.háa.

Keyword(s):

I remember it; I’m thinking about it.

A kát ax sayatee.

Keyword(s):

I saw my grandfather today.

Káa aa ax léelk'w áwé xwsiteen yáa yagiyee.

Keyword(s):

I treasure it; I am stingy for it

Yaa xshigéi.

Note: This verb has both a negative connatation "to be stingy for something" and a positive one "treasure something". The basic meaning is "to not want to part with something".

Keyword(s):

I want that five hundred dollars.

Wé keijín hándit ax tuwáa sigóo.

Keyword(s):

I want to go shopping.

At oo áwé xat tuwatee.

Keyword(s):

I will be so happy if I win.

Kúnáx áwé ax toowú kei guxsagóo yaxwadlaagí.

Keyword(s):

I will buy a new chair for my grandma.

Yées káayagijeit kuka.óo ax léelk'u jiyís.

Keyword(s):

I will remember it.

A káa daak xat sakgwaháa.

Keyword(s):

I will write to you again.

I jeedé kakkwashxéet tsu.

Keyword(s):

I will write to you folks tomorrow.

Yee jeedé kakkwashxéet seigánin.

Keyword(s):

ice

t'éex'

Keyword(s):

imitate

teeʰ3 imitate, mimic, quote
imitate him/her; mimic his/her speech; quote him/her
O-x̲'a-S-ø-teeʰ (na act) for S to imitate O; for S to mimic O's speech; for S to quote O

improper

geik̲ improper
improper; against the law
ku-d-géik̲ (ga state)

In English it’s called _____.

Dleit káa x'éináx _____ yóo duwasáakw.

Keyword(s):

infected

k̲eet' infected
infected (of wound)
d-l-k̲éet'~ (ø event; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for a wound to be infected, have pus

inherit

inject

tsaak̲ (6) raise hand, reach for, push, pole, poke, inject, thread needle, plug in, pursue
thread needle
N k'éenáx̲ O-ya-u-S-l-tsaak̲~ (Ø motion; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to thread N (needle)
pole canoe, push boat with pole I
daak O-S-l-tsaak̲~ (Ø motion) for S to pole, push O (canoe, boat) out away from the beach with a pole
reach for, reach out (one's hand)
(N g̲áa) daak ji-S-l-tsaak̲~ (Ø motion) for S to reach a hand out (for N)
raise one's hand (in voting, etc.)
kei ji-S-l-tsaak̲~ (ø event) for (singular) S to raise the hand (in voting, etc.)
inject, give shot
N tóode O-ka-S-l-tsaak̲~ (na motion) for S to inject O into N
plug in (electrical cord) II
O-shu-S-l-tsaak̲~ (Ø motion) for S to plug in O (electrical cord)

injure

tseits (2) injure
injure, hurt him/her/it
O-ka-S-ø-tseits~ (Ø event) for S to injure, hurt O
injured, hurt (feelings)
at ka-S-ø-tseits~ (Ø event) for S to get injured; for S to have hurt feelings

injure

choon (2) injure
injure, hurt, wound, bruise him/her
O-S-l-choon~ (Ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to injure, hurt, wound, bruise O
injured, wounded, bruised (physically); hurt (emotionally)
O-d-choon~ (ø event) for O to be wounded, injured, bruised; for O to be hurt (emotionally)

injure

instruct

jaaʰ instruct, show, advise
instruct, show him/her; advise, counsel him/her
O-shu-ka-S-ø-jaaʰ~ (ø act; CV́V Imp/Hort/Pot) for S to instruct, show O (by word); for S to advise, give advice to, counsel O

insufficient

aatl' insufficient
insufficient, not enough
ya-ka-u-ø-.áatl' (na state) for something to be insufficient, not enough

intelligent

interpret

intoxicate

shooʰ2 (3) intoxicate, torment
intoxicate him/her, get him/her drunk
O-ka-S-l-shooʰ~ (na event) for S to intoxicate O
torment, persecute (esp. physically), ill-treat, cause to suffer
eeshandéin yoo O-ka-S-l-shooʰ~ (Ø event) for S to torment, persecute or ill-treat O; for S to cause O to suffer
intoxicated, drunk
O-ka-ø-shooʰ~ (na event) for O to be intoxicated

investigate

tlaakw (3) investigate, research, tell
investigate it; research it
O-ka-S-ø-tlaakw~ (na event) for S to investigate, make inquiry into, research O
tell a legend
O-S-ø-tlaakw~ (ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to tell, recount, narrate O (legend, myth, fairy tale, etc.)
whisper
k̲u-S-ø-tlaakw~ (Ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to whisper

invite

It didn’t melt.

Tlél wulláa.

Keyword(s):

It doesn’t melt.

Tlél ulléix.

Keyword(s):

It escapes my mind (every time).

Tlei ax shantóodáx kut gashíxch.
(Lit: It runs away from my mind (every time).)

Keyword(s):

It freezes (every time).

Tlél ult'íx'ch.
OR
Tlél ult'éex'ch.

Keyword(s):

It freezes (regularly).

Ult'íx'x.

Keyword(s):

It hasn’t frozen yet.

Tlél ult'íx'ch yeisú.
OR
Tlél ult'éex'ch yeisú.

Keyword(s):

It hasn’t melted yet.

Tlél ulláaych.

Keyword(s):

It melted.

Wuliláa.

Keyword(s):

It melts (regularly).

Laléix.

Keyword(s):

It slipped my mind.

Ax shantóodáx kut wujixeex.
(Lit: It ran away from my mind.)

Keyword(s):

It went dry, drained out, evaporated.

A kát kawlikúx.

Keyword(s):

It will be good if we are equal.

Kei kgwak'éi wooch yáx haa kdadaalí.

Keyword(s):

It's none of your business.

Tlél i daat át áwé.

Keyword(s):

It's shrinking.

Yaa ndaxák.

Keyword(s):

itchy

xweitl (3) tired, itchy
tire him/her
O-S-l-xweitl~ (ø event) for S to tire O, make O tired (either physically or emotionally)
itch, tickle
ka-S-l-xweitl~ (ø event) for S to itch, tickle
tired, weary
O-d-xweitl~ (ø event) for O to be tired, weary

It’s freezing.

Yaa nalt'íx'.

Keyword(s):

It’s frozen.

wudlit'íx'

Keyword(s):

It’s going dry, draining out, evaporating.

A kaadé yaa kanalkúx.

Keyword(s):

It’s going to freeze.

Gugwalt'éex'.

Keyword(s):

It’s going to go dry, drain out, evaporate.

A kaadé kaguxlakóox.

Keyword(s):

It’s going to melt.

Guxlaláa.

Keyword(s):

It’s good for people to be equal.

Yak'éi wooch yáx kudateeyí.

Keyword(s):

It’s melting.

Yaa nalléin.

Keyword(s):

It’s not frozen.

Tlél wult'éex'.

Keyword(s):

It’s not going to freeze.

Tlél gugwalt'éex'.

Keyword(s):

It’s not going to melt.

Tlél guxlaláa.

Keyword(s):

It’s slushing; It’s snowing wet snow.

Kuklahéen daak nastán.

Keyword(s):

It’s still frozen.

Ch’a yeisú wdlit’íx’.

Keyword(s):

I’ll type to you again.

I jeedé kakkwaldáal' tsu.

Keyword(s):

I’ll type to you folks tomorrow.

Yee jeedé kakkwaldáal' seigánin.

Keyword(s):

I’m delaying your speech/interrupting you.

Ix'ayaxwaa.aa.

Keyword(s):

I’m going to let it go (metaphorically).

Ch'a aadé yéi kkwa.oo.

Keyword(s):

I’m hearing things wrong.

At géide áyá kuxaa.áxch.

Keyword(s):

I’m thirsty.

Xat shaawakúx.

Keyword(s):

J

joke

jump

k'ein (2) jump
jump around (singular subject)
P-t S-j-k'éin~ (na motion) for (singular) S to jump around at P
jump (plural subject)
kei O-ka-du-ø-k'éin~ (ø motion) for (plural) O to jump (see ji-k'ein for singular)

K

keep

tsaakw (2) keep, save
keep, save, store up (usually food, for winter or for special occasion)
O-S-l-tsáakw (g̲a state) for S to keep, save, store up O (usually food for winter or for special occasion)
last a long time, be durable (esp. of clothing, machinery, etc.)
O-ø-tsáakw (ga state) for O to last a long time, be durable (esp. of clothing, machinery, etc.)

Keep them (objects) separate!

Wooch gunayáa yéi na.oo!

Keyword(s):

kick

tseix̲ kick, stamp
kick it; stamp it (with foot)
O-S-ø-tseix̲~ (ø act) for S to kick O; for S to stamp O, put foot down on O violently

kill

jaak̲ (2) kill
kill it
O-S-ø-jaak̲~ (Ø event) for S to kill O
fall asleep (one person)
táach O-S-ø-jaak̲~ (ø event) for (singular) O to fall asleep (literally: for S (sleep) to kill (singular) O)

kind

kiss

knead

choox knead, press, pat
knead it, press it, pat it (with palm of hand)
O-ka-S-ø-choox~ (ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to knead, press, pat O with palm of hand

knit

know

kooʰ2 know, learn
know it
O-S-s-kooʰ~ (ø event; CV́V Imp/Hort/Pot) for S to know, be acquainted with, make known O (esp. people, facts); for S to learn O (esp. facts)

know

gook know, learn
know how to do it; learn how to do it
O-S-sh-góok (ga state) for S to know, learn how to do O

L

lack

yeix̲2 lack
lack, be short of (with amount specified; used esp. of time 'from now'); gone
O-u-ø-yeix̲~ (na act) for O to be lacking; for O to be gone

land

k̲aak̲ squat, sit, land
squat, sit down low; land (of bird or plane)
S-j-k̲aak̲~ (g̲a event) for S to squat, sit down low; for S to sit down quickly, squat down; for S to land (of waterfowl, plane) (singular subject)

laugh

shook̲ (3) laugh
laugh at it
O-S-ø-shook̲~ (ø act) for S to laugh at O
laugh; smile (often with laughter)
at S-ø-shook̲~ (ø act) for S to laugh
laugh; smile (often with laughter)
at S-ø-shook̲ (na act) for S to laugh; for S to smile (often with laughter)

lay eggs

k'wát' nest, lay eggs
lay eggs; nest
a-d-l-k'wáat'~ (na event; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for birds to lay eggs, nest

lazy

kaa1 lazy, slow
lazy, slow
a-u-S-d-s-kaa (ga state) for S to be lazy, slow

lead

leak

x'aas drip, leak
drip, leak (at fairly fast rate)
ka-l-x'áas (ø event) for something to drip, leak (at fairly fast rate)

leap

gaas' (4) leap, pounce
leap, pounce on him/her/it II
P-t~ sh S-d-l-gáas'~ (Ø motion) for S to leap, pounce on P
move there VII
P-dé O-l-gáas'~ (na motion) for O to move household (with future plans unspecified) to P
move there II
P-t~ O-l-gáas'~ (ø motion) for O to move household (with future plans unspecified) to P
fall on face; nod off, fall asleep while sitting up
yan~ O-ya-ø-gáas'~ (ø motion) for O to fall on face; for O to nod off, fall asleep while sitting up

learn

gook know, learn
know how to do it; learn how to do it
O-S-sh-góok (ga state) for S to know, learn how to do O

learn

kooʰ2 know, learn
know it
O-S-s-kooʰ~ (ø event; CV́V Imp/Hort/Pot) for S to know, be acquainted with, make known O (esp. people, facts); for S to learn O (esp. facts)

leave

leave alone

ts'ein (3) leave alone
leave him/her/it alone, stop bothering him/her/it
yan~ O-S-l-ts'éin~ (Ø motion) for S to leave O alone, stop bothering O
quieten, stop talking
yan~ O-x̲'a-ka-S-l-ts'éin~ (ø motion) for S to quieten O, cause O to stop talking
quieten down, stop talking
yan~ x̲'a-S-d-ts'éin~ (ø motion) for S to quieten down, stop talking

let go

let in

let out

Let us all agree.

Wooch yáx haa toowú ngatee.

Keyword(s):

Let’s go, we’re gonna make it, we’re gonna do it!

Góok, yagaxtoodláak!
This is the Tlingit interpretation of Obama's slogan "Yes we can!".

Keyword(s):

lick

tleit' lick
lick it, lap it up
O-S-ø-tléit'~ (Ø act) for S to lick, lap up O

lie1

yeil lie1
lie
sh k̲'a-S-d-l-yeil~ (ø event) for S to lie, deceive

lie2

taa1 (2) lie2
lying down (of human) (singular subject)
(P-t) sh S-d-s-táan~ (position) for (singular) S to be lying down (at P)
lie down (of human) (singular subject)
yan~ sh S-d-s-taa~ (Ø motion) for (singular) S to lie down

lie2

light

like

limp

k̲áchk limp
limp, be lame, walk unevenly
O-l-k̲áchk (ga state) for O to limp, be lame, walk unevenly

listen

aax̲1 (9) listen
listen for him/her/it VII
P-g̲aa k̲u-S-s-.aax̲~ (na motion) for S to listen for P
hear it
O-S-ø-.aax̲~ (ø event) for S to hear O
hear him/her/it (usually voice)
sa-S-ø-.aax̲~ (ø event) for S to hear O (a voice, esp. singing)
listen to it
P-t~ S-s-.aax̲~ (ø motion) for S to listen to P
play it (musical instrument)
O-S-l-.aax̲~ (ø act) for S to play O (musical instrument)
understand, comprehend him/her/it; hear him/her/it with understanding
O-x̲'a-S-ø-.aax̲~ (ø event) for S to hear O with understanding; for S to understand, comprehend O
hear it (be able to hear it)
O-S-ø-.áx̲ch (ga state) for S to be able to hear O
listen to him/her (take time to listen)
N x̲'éide k̲u-S-s-.aax̲~ (na motion) for S to (take time to) listen to N
listen to, obey him/her
N x̲'éi-t~ S-s-.aax̲~ (ø motion) for S to listen to, obey, give heed to N

live

lively

oos (3) pout, lively, talkative
pout, sulk, refuse to speak; refuse to run (of machine)
tu-S-d-.oos~ (ø event) for S to pout, sulk, refuse to speak; for a machine to refuse to run
noisy; lively; crazy
O-l-.oos (ga state) for O to be crazy, lively, noisy, never still
talkative, talk nonsense, gossipy, noisy
O-x̲'a-l-.oos (ga state) for O to be talkative, talk nonsense, be gossipy, or noisy

load

lock

teex̲' crooked, wicked, lock, screw, wind
wind it
O-ka-S-l-téex̲'~ (na event) for S to wind O

lock

lonely

teesh lonely
lonely
O-l-teesh~ (g̲a event) for O to be lonely

long

yaat' (5) long
long (of stick-like object)
ø-yáat'~ (na state) for an object to be long (usually stick-like objects)
long (of time or physical object)
l-yát' (na state) for something to be long (of time or physical object)
long (of time)
yee-ø-yáat'~ (na state) for something to be long (of time)
long (that long, of stick-like object)
(yéi) ka-u-ø-yáat'~ (na state) for an object (usually stick-like) to be (so) long
long (that long)
(yéi) ka-u-l-yáat' (na state) for something to be (so) long

look

g̲een look
look at it
P-t~ a-S-d-l-g̲ein~ (ø motion) for S to look at P

look

g̲ein look
look around, about VII
P-t a-S-d-l-g̲ein~ (na motion) for S to look around, about P

look

t'aas' look
snap eyes at (indicating anger, dislike, or suspicion), look askance at, glance at and away again
N yaax̲ kei a-ka-S-d-l-t'áas'~ (Ø motion) for S to snap eyes at, look askance at, or glance at N (indicating anger, dislike, or suspicion)

look for

sheeʰ1 look for, search
search for; look for
P-g̲áa k̲u-S-ø-sheeʰ~ (na act) for S to search for, look for P

look like

xaat2 resemble, look like
look like it, resemble it
N yáx̲ ka-ø-xaat~ (ø state; CV́C Hort/Pot) for something to resemble N (esp. in shape)

look like

yaa1 resemble, look like
look like, resemble him/her/it; identical with him/her/it
O-S-u-ø-yaa~ (g̲a state) for S to resemble, look like O; for S to be almost identical with O

Look, my tooth!

Gán, ax oox!

Keyword(s):

lose

xoon1 (2) lose
lose weight, slim down (as a result of trying)
sh S-d-l-xoon~ (g̲a event) for S to cause oneself to lose weight, slim down
lose weight, become thin
O-l-xoon~ (g̲a event) for O to lose weight, become thin

lose

soos1 (2) lose
lose them
k̲ut O-ka-S-l-sóos (ga motion) for S to lose (plural) O
lost (of plural people, objects)
k̲ut O-ka-ø-sóos (ga event) for (plural) O (objects, people) to be lost

lost

lots

haaʰ many, plenty, lots
many, plenty, lots
O-sha-ya-d-haaʰ~ (na state) for O to be many, plenty, lots

love

x̲án (2) love
love him/her/it
O-S-s-x̲án (ga state) for S to love O
accompany, take to one, follow around
P-x' sh S-d-l-x̲án (ga state) for S to accompany, take (a liking) to, follow P around

lucky

x̲eitl blessed, lucky
lucky, blessed
O-li-x̲éitl (ga state) for O to be blessed, be lucky

M

magic

héix̲waa magic
perform rites, make magic
O-S-ø-héix̲waa (na act) for S to make magic, perform rites on O to bring desirable results in nature or give youngsters power and confidence

make a face

kaa2 copy, make a face
copy him/her/it; copy what s/he said; make a face at him/her
O-ka-S-d-kaa (na act) for S to copy O

Make it all equal (when dishing out food, e.g.).

Wooch yáx naxdatee.

Keyword(s):

many

haaʰ many, plenty, lots
many, plenty, lots
O-sha-ya-d-haaʰ~ (na state) for O to be many, plenty, lots

marry

shaa1 (3) marry
marry him/her
O-S-ø-shaa~ (ø event; CV́V Imp/Hort/Pot) for S to marry O
marry each other
wooch S-d-shaa~ (ø event; CV́V Imp/Hort/Pot) for S (two people) to marry each other
marry (get married)
O-du-ø-shaa~ (ø event; CV́V Imp/Hort/Pot) for O to get married

Martin Luther King spoke about how we are all equal.

A daa yoo x'eiwatán Martin Luther King aadé ldakát uháan ch'a wooch yáx haa kdidáal.

Keyword(s):

mash

g̲ootl mash, squeeze
mash it; sqeeze it
O-ka-S-ø-g̲ootl~ (ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to mash O by squeezing in the hand; for S to squeeze O tightly

Maybe I will win.

Gu.aal yaxwadlaagík.

Keyword(s):

maybe, not sure

gushé(i) / kwshé(i)

Keyword(s):

melt

Melt the snow!

Dleit laláa!

Keyword(s):

migrate

daak̲2 move, migrate
migrate, move household (permanantly)
kei O-s-daak̲~ (Ø motion) for O to move household (permanently), migrate

mimic

teeʰ3 imitate, mimic, quote
imitate him/her; mimic his/her speech; quote him/her
O-x̲'a-S-ø-teeʰ (na act) for S to imitate O; for S to mimic O's speech; for S to quote O

Mine is too small now (in reference to an article of clothing).

Yeedát ku.aa, ax aayí ax kakín koogéi.

Keyword(s):

modern technology

yées at wuskú
(Lit: new knowledge)

Keyword(s):

moldy

tlaax̲ moldy
moldy
d-tlaax̲~ (ø event) for something to be moldy

mooch

choox̲ (2) mooch
mooch, freeload; obtain things often without payment
at u-S-ø-choox̲ (g̲a act) for S to mooch, freeload; for S to obtain things often without payment
mooch, bum, scrounge it; obtain it often without payment
(N eex̲) O-u-S-ø-choox̲ (g̲a act) for S to mooch, bum, scrounge O (off of N); for S to obtain O (from N) often without payment

mop

g̲oo wipe, mop
wipe it; mop it
O-S-l-g̲oo~ (g̲a act) for S to wipe, mop, clean O by wiping

move

daak̲2 move, migrate
migrate, move household (permanantly)
kei O-s-daak̲~ (Ø motion) for O to move household (permanently), migrate

movie

t'aa yaxéitl'i / t'aa yaxéetl'i
(Lit: scary thing on the wall)

Keyword(s):

muddy

k̲ootl' muddy
muddy
ka-sh-k̲óotl'~ (ø state; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for a road, etc. to be muddy

my boyfriend

ax yadák'u

Keyword(s):

my family

ax t’aakx’í

Keyword(s):

my girlfriend

ax shaatk'í

Keyword(s):

my grandfather

káa aa ax léelk'w

Keyword(s):

My grandfather however was called (name).

Káa aa ax léelk'w ku.aas, (name) yóo dusáagun.

Keyword(s):

my grandmother

shaawát aa ax léelk'w

Keyword(s):

My grandmother on my mother’s side was called (name).

Shaawát aa ax léelk'w ax tláa yinaanáx (name) yóo dusáagun.

Keyword(s):

My grandmother told me.

Shaawát aa ax léelk'w ax een akaawaneek.

Keyword(s):

My grandparent on my mother’s side was called (name).

Ax léelk'w ax tláa yinaanáx (name) yóo dusáagun.

Keyword(s):

my husband

ax xán.aa

Keyword(s):

my man

ax káawu

Keyword(s):

My mother’s mother was called (name).

Ax tláa du tláa (name) yóo dusáagun.

Keyword(s):

my sweetheart

ax kacháwli

Keyword(s):

my sweetheart

ax tseiyí

Keyword(s):

My tooth fell out.

Átx kei uwaxíx ax oox.

Keyword(s):

My tooth fell out.

Aax kei uwaxíx ax oox.

Keyword(s):

My tooth hurts.

Ax oox yanéekw. / Ax oox yanóok. (Northern/Interior dialect)

Keyword(s):

My tooth is going to fall out.

Átx kei kgwaxéex ax oox.

Keyword(s):

My tooth is moving around (loose).

Át shaawaxeex ax oox.

Keyword(s):

my whole family

ldakát ax t’aakx’í

Keyword(s):

my woman, lady, wife

ax shaawádi

Keyword(s):

N

nail

x'oo nail
nail it on it
O-ka-S-s-x'oo~ (ø act) for S to nail O

name

saa2 (2) name, nominate
name him/her/it; nominate him/her/it
O-S-ø-saa~ (ø event) for S to name O; for S to nominate O
call him/her that
O-S-ø-sáakw (na state) for S to call O by a certain name

narrate

narrow

saa1 narrow
narrow (esp. of container); skinny (of person)
yéi O-ka-u-l-saa~ (na state) for O (esp. container) to be narrow; for O (person) to be skinny

need

nest

k'wát' nest, lay eggs
lay eggs; nest
a-d-l-k'wáat'~ (na event; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for birds to lay eggs, nest

Nevermind; Forget it; Let it be; That’s OK.

Kushtuyáx déi.
This is an expression of giving up when trying to do something. For example, after repeating something several times and the listener still can't hear, this phrase can be used to mean "nevermind".

Keyword(s):

No more!; All gone!; All done!; That’s all!

Hóoch! / Hóochk'!

Keyword(s):

Nobody is more important than another.

Tlél aadóo sá du yáanáx koodáal.

Keyword(s):

nominate

nothing; zero

tlél daa sá

Keyword(s):

Now I have lots of money!

Yeedát ku.aa dáanaa ax jee yagéi!

Keyword(s):

Now, we live however (we want).

Yeedát ku.aa, ch'a wáa sá kutudzitee.

Keyword(s):

numb

x'wás'k̲ numb
numb
l-x'wás'k̲ (na event) for something to be numb, have no feeling

nurse

l'aaʰ (3) nurse
nurse a baby
N x̲'éi a-S-l-l'aaʰ~ (Ø act) for S to nurse N
# ZZZ NSF suck on it, nurse
O-S-ø-l'aaʰ~ (Ø act) for S to suck on O, nurse on O
suck on it
O-S-l-l'aaʰ~ (Ø act) for S to suck on O

O

obvious

Oh no! / Darn it!

Áaxdi ganawáaxdi!
This is an expression used when you've messed up, for example you tried to catch something and missed it, miscounted when weaving, or cut the fish wrong.

Keyword(s):

Oh no!; Yikes!

Aganáa!

Keyword(s):

old

shaan age, old
old
O-d-shaan~ (ø event) for O to show signs of old age (esp. grey hair), for O to become old, age

on my mother's side

ax tláa yinaanáx

Keyword(s):

open

t'aax̲ (2) open
open its mouth; hold its mouth open
O-x̲'a-S-l-t'aax̲~ (Ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to open O's mouth, hold O's mouth open
open one's mouth wide, keep one's mouth open
x̲'a-S-ø-t'aax̲~ (Ø event) for S to open one's mouth wide, keep one's mouth open

open (by pulling)

order

woo1 (2) order, send for
order it, send for it
P-g̲áa a-S-ø-woo~ (ø event; CV́V Imp/Hort/Pot) for S to send for, order P (usually from a catalog)
take food along (lunch, a picnic)
O-S-d-woo~ (Ø event; CV́V Imp/Hort/Pot) for S to take O (food) along

order

own

hein own, claim
own, claim it
O-S-ø-héin (na state) for S to own, claim O (esp. clan property)

own

P

pack

chaak pile, pack, stack
pack it; pile up, stack it
O-ka-S-ø-cháak~ (ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to pile, stack away neatly, pack O (food, clothing, firewood, etc.)

paddle

x̲aa2 (4) paddle, transport
paddle, row
a-S-ø-x̲aa~ (ø act; CV́V Imp/Hort/Pot) for S to paddle, row
transport him/her/it VII
P-t O-ya-S-ø-x̲aa~ (na motion) for S to transport O around P by boat or car
transport him/her/it II
P-t~ O-ya-S-ø-x̲aa~ (ø motion) for S to transport O by boat or car to P; for S to bring, take or fetch O by boat or car to P
transport, haul it (by boat or car)
O-ya-S-ø-x̲áax'w (na act) for S to regularly transport, haul O by boat or car

paint

néegwal' paint
paint it
O-S-ø-néegwál' (na act) for S to paint O

paralyzed

aak3 paralyzed
paralyzed (with fright, shock, or surprise), panic, be incapable of action
O-d-.áak~ (Ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for O to be paralyzed with fright, shock or surprise; for O to panic, be incapable of action

pass

x̲ee (2) pass
pass (of 24 hours), elapse
ya-ø-x̲ee~ (Ø event) for 24 hours to pass, elapse
fast (esp. for 24 hours at a time), refrain from eating
O-x̲'a-ø-x̲ei~ (Ø event) for O to fast, refrain from eating

pat

choox knead, press, pat
knead it, press it, pat it (with palm of hand)
O-ka-S-ø-choox~ (ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to knead, press, pat O with palm of hand

pat

dléigu (2) shake hands, pat
pat, pet him/her (esp. under chin or on back, to express affection)
O-S-l-dléigu (na act) for S to pat, pet O (esp. under chin or on back, to express affection)
shake hands with him/her
N jín S-l-dléigu (na act) for S to shake hands with N

pay

k̲ei1 pay
pay him/her (esp. a person for work done), pay for it
O-ji-S-ø-k̲éi (na act) for S to pay O (esp. a person, for work done); for S to pay for O

peaceful

peel

s'eil' (5) tear, rip, peel, stretch
tear it
O-S-ø-s'éil'~ (na event) for S to tear O
tear it; rip it; peel it off
O-ka-S-ø-s'éil'~ (g̲a act) for S to tear, tear up, rip off O; for S to peel off O (bark from a tree)
stretch, hold open
O-x̲'a-S-ø-s'éil'~ (Ø act) for S to tear O away (from hook); for S to stretch or hold O (opening) open
torn
ka-d-s'éil'~ (g̲a state) for something to be torn up
pull up, tear up (roots)
O-S-l-s'éil'~ (ø act; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for S to tear up, pull up O (roots)

People are equal.

Wooch yáx kukdidáal.

Keyword(s):

pick

ts'eek' (3) pinch, pick
pinch him/her with fingernails (keep pinching)
O-S-ø-ts'ík't (na act) for S to pinch O
pick at it
O-ka-S-ø-ts'éek'~ (Ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to pick at O
pinch him/her with fingernails
O-S-l-ts'éek'~ (ga act) for S to pinch O with fingernails

pick

pierce

g̲eech (2) pierce
pierce, prick it VII
P-dé ya-d-g̲eech~ (na motion) for a sharp object to pierce, enter, prick P; for an animal to bite P
pierce, prick it (of many sharp objects) II
P-t~ ya-d-l-g̲eech~ (Ø motion) for (plural) sharp objects to pierce, enter, prick P

pile

chaak pile, pack, stack
pack it; pile up, stack it
O-ka-S-ø-cháak~ (ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to pile, stack away neatly, pack O (food, clothing, firewood, etc.)

pinch

plan

plant

play

k̲aa3 gamble, play
gamble, play cards
a-S-d-l-k̲áa (na act) for S to gamble (by means of gambling sticks, dice, etc.); for S to play cards

play

ook' play, amuse
entertain, amuse oneself; play quietly (of children)
k̲u-S-d-s-.ook' (na act) for S to entertain, amuse oneself; for S to play quietly

play

yát (2) play
play
ash ka-u-S-d-l-yát (na act) for S to play (esp. active games)
pregnant
O-ka-d-yát (ga state) for O to be pregnant

plenty

haaʰ many, plenty, lots
many, plenty, lots
O-sha-ya-d-haaʰ~ (na state) for O to be many, plenty, lots

plug in

point

ch'eix̲' (2) point
point at it, point it out
O-S-ø-ch'éix̲'~ (Ø event) for S to point at, point out O
point at a person (with finger)
O-ya-S-ø-ch'éex̲'~ (Ø act) for S to point at O (with finger)

point (with finger)

ch'eex̲' point (with finger)
point (with finger)
P-t~ S-ø-ch'éex̲'~ (Ø motion) for S to point in the direction of P

poke

taak̲1 (2) poke
poke, prod, jab, spear him/her/it
O-S-ø-taak̲~ (Ø event) for S to spear, prod, poke, jab O
push it out using a pole (of boat) I
daak O-ya-S-l-taak̲~ (Ø motion) for S to pole, push O (canoe, boat) out away from the shore with a pole

poke

pole

polish

g̲eel' (2) polish
polish it
O-ka-S-sh-g̲éel'~ (Ø act; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for S to polish O
sharpen it (esp. knife, with a grindstone)
O-ya-S-ø-g̲éel'~ (ø act) for S to sharpen O (with a grindstone)

polish

Poor baby!

Haa yátx'u ée!
This expression can be used when a child gets hurt, for example.

Keyword(s):

Poor little thing!

Eesháank'!

Keyword(s):

Poor thing! Your tooth fell out!

Haaaáy! I oox átx kei uwaxíx!
Note: The elders say that traditionally, nothing special was said or done when a child lost a tooth, but one elder gave this phrase, which her grandmother used to say to her when she lost a tooth.

Keyword(s):

Poor thing.

Haaáy!
This expression is used if someone is in pain, uncomfortable, or unhappy, and is similar to eesháan. It can also be an expression of endearment.

Keyword(s):

possessed

xoon2 (2) possessed
possessed, have evil spirits II
N tóot~ ya-d-xoon~ (Ø motion) for N to be possessed, have evil spirits
show faces (as entering in ceremonial dance)
ya-S-d-xoon~ (Ø motion) for S to show face (as entering in ceremonial dance)

postpone

pounce

pound

t'eex̲' pound, smash
pound it; smash it
O-ka-S-ø-t'éex̲'~ (ø act; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for S to smash O up by pounding; for S to mash O by pounding with something heavy; for S to pound, hammer on O; for S to break O

pour

pout

praise

sheix̲' praise, commend
praise him/her; commend him/her
O-ka-S-ø-shéex̲'~ (ø act) for S to praise, glorify O; for S to approve, commend O; for S to comment on O

pray

gaax' pray
pray
sh káa x̲'e-S-d-gáax'~ (ø act; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for S to pray

preach

predict

gaa1 (2) predict
predict it
O-shu-S-s-gaa~ (na act) for S to predict O
delay, wait, take one's time, be detained
P-x̲ O-ka-ø-gaa~ (g̲a motion) for O to delay, wait, pause, take one's time, stay behind, or be detained at P

pregnant

press

choox knead, press, pat
knead it, press it, pat it (with palm of hand)
O-ka-S-ø-choox~ (ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to knead, press, pat O with palm of hand

pretty

prevented

printer

kashóok' kaldáal'i
(Lit: electric typewriter)

Keyword(s):

profitable

naalx̲ rich, wealthy, profitable
rich, wealthy; profitable
O-l-náalx̲ (ga state) for O to be rich, wealthy, profitable

prophesy

proud

pull

yeek̲1 (5) pull
pull, haul (esp. of line); hoist up II
P-t~ O-S-s-yeek̲~ (Ø motion) for S to pull, haul, hoist O to P (esp. on line)
pull it up, haul it up (esp. of line) I
kei O-S-s-yeek̲~ (ø motion) for S to pull, haul O (esp. of line) up; for S to hoist O up
fish with line, jig for fish
k̲u-ka-S-d-s-yeek̲~ (Ø act) for S to fish with a line, jig for fish
take off (shoes, socks, pants)
x̲'oos-dáx̲ O-S-d-yeek̲~ (Ø act) for S to take off O (shoes, socks, pants)
put them on; pull them on (shoes, socks, pants)
x̲'oos-dé O-S-d-yeek̲~ (ø act) for S to put on, pull on O (shoes, socks, pants)

pull tight

pursue

push

put

put foot in mouth

tlúxja put foot in mouth
put foot in one's mouth
kei x̲'a-S-ø-tlúxja for S to put his/her foot in his/her mouth (figuratively)

Put it on (record, CD)!

A x'éix gatí!
(Lit: Feed it!)

Keyword(s):

put off

put out

put up

gaa2 put up, store up
put up, store up, accumulate, stock up (esp. food for winter); finish distributing things (esp. at party)
yan~ O-ka-S-l-gaa~ (ø motion) for S to put up, store up, accumulate O (esp. food for winter)

Put your tooth underneath your pillow!

I shayeidí tayeex' yan tí i oox!

Keyword(s):

R

respect for each other

wooch yáa awudané

Keyword(s):

S

S/he always used to fight on behalf of the Tlingit.

Lingít káx kulagaaw noojín.

Keyword(s):

S/he doesn’t know much.

Tlél yaa kooshgé.

Keyword(s):

S/he gave it to him/her to eat; S/he fed it to him/her.

Du x'éix aawatee.

Keyword(s):

S/he got a tattoo.

Kawduwatéey.

Keyword(s):

S/he has tattoos all over his/her body.

Ldakát du daa kawduwatéey.

Keyword(s):

S/he has three turns (in the context of playing a game).

Nas'gidahéen du aayí.

Keyword(s):

S/he likes to argue.

Akwshitán kaa yáx kei x'adatánch.

Keyword(s):

S/he likes to contradict people (regularly).

Akwshitán kaa x'agéix kei x'akdatánch.

Keyword(s):

S/he likes to contradict people.

Akwshitán kaa x'agéide yoo x'atánk.

Keyword(s):

S/he likes to interrupt people.

Akwshitán kaa x'ayawu.aa.

Keyword(s):

S/he likes to talk behind people’s backs.

Kaa yat'éi yoo x'atánk akwshitán.

Keyword(s):

S/he put a record on (record player); S/he put a CD on.

A x'éix aawatee.
(Lit: S/he fed it.)

Keyword(s):

S/he really exerted himself/herself.

Kúnáx aawaxích.

Keyword(s):

S/he said something wrong; S/he spoke against/contrary to something.

At géit yaawakáa.

Keyword(s):

S/he sent me an email.

Kashóok' yoo x'atánk ax jeet jeeyaháa.

Keyword(s):

S/he spoke on behalf of us.

Haa káx yoo x'ayatánk.

Keyword(s):

S/he teased him/her.

Du x'éix aawanéekw.

Keyword(s):

S/he thinks it’s funny.

Du tuwáa lishoogú.

Keyword(s):

S/he told me through email.

Kashóok' tóonáx ax jeet x'awditán.

Keyword(s):

S/he treasures it; She is stingy for it.

Yaa ashigéi.

Keyword(s):

scow (fish-guying barge)

shgáaw

Keyword(s):

Shame on you! (General reprimand)

Húsh!

Keyword(s):

She had a baby.

Yátk'w aawa.oo.

Keyword(s):

She is pregnant.

Du kát yat áa.

Keyword(s):

She's going to have a baby.

Yátk'w akgwa.óo.

Keyword(s):

She's not pregnant.

Tlél du kát yat aa.

Keyword(s):

Shut up!; Be quiet!

Sh eelk'átl'!

Keyword(s):

Sit down good/right/properly!

K'idéin ganú!

Keyword(s):

Sit up!

Kindachóon ganú!

Keyword(s):

slush , wet snow

kuklahéen

Keyword(s):

snowflakes (esp. big ones)

núkdi háatl'i
(Lit: grouse droppings)

Keyword(s):

steam, vapor

x'úkjaa

Keyword(s):

sticker

áx kaduls'ix'w át

Keyword(s):

sticker; stamp

kas'íx'waa

Keyword(s):

Stop!; That’s enough!

Déi áwé!

Keyword(s):

story of the water cycle

héen daat kusteeyí sh kalneek

Keyword(s):

straw

a tóonáx kadus'iks'i át
(Lit: thing through which something is sucked up)

Keyword(s):

T

Take your hat off!

I sháadáx i s'áaxu!

Keyword(s):

telephone

a tóonáx yóo x'aduwatángi át
(Lit: thing which one talks through)

Keyword(s):

Tell him so that he will know.

Du een kananeek axsakoowút.

Keyword(s):

Thank you all for helping us.

Gunalchéesh haa éet yidasheeyí.

Keyword(s):

Thank you for working with me.

Gunalchéesh ax een yéi jeeneiyí.

Keyword(s):

Thank you very much.

Aatlein gunalchéesh.
OR
Gunalchéesh tlein.
OR
Gunalchéesh hó hó.

Keyword(s):

Thanksgiving day

Gunalchéesh yagiyeeyí

Keyword(s):

The door was opened for us (can be used metaphorically).

Haa jiyís héide shiwduwataan.

Keyword(s):

They disliked the Tlingit.

Lingít kawdujik'án.

Keyword(s):

They let us go (physically).

Haa jiwduwanák.

Keyword(s):

They spoke on behalf of us.

Haa káx yoo (ha)s x'ali.átk.

Keyword(s):

They worked for our benefit.

Haa káx yéi (ha)s jeewanei.

Keyword(s):

They’re all different.

Wooch gunayáade has ditee.

Keyword(s):

They’re not together.

Tlél wooch een has ustí.

Keyword(s):

They’re the same.

Wooch yáx has ditee.

Keyword(s):

things concerning water

héen daat átx sateeyí

Keyword(s):

tooth fairy

kaa oox kookénayi

Keyword(s):

W

Wait!

Ahí!

Keyword(s):

water

héen

Keyword(s):

We are gathered together.

Wooch kanáx wutuda.aadí.

Keyword(s):

We are sad for you all.

Haa toowú yanéekw yee jiyís.

Keyword(s):

We love you all.

Yee tusixán.

Keyword(s):

We treasure it; We are stingy for it.

Yaa tushigéi.

Keyword(s):

We were separated.

Wooch xoodáx haa yakawduwanáa.

Keyword(s):

We weren’t allowed to mix with them.

Wooch xoodáx haa kawdujik'án.

Keyword(s):

We weren’t welcome.

Haa yawduwatsák.

Keyword(s):

We will think good thoughts; We’ll keep faith (for someone to get well, e.g.).

Yan tugaxtootáan.

Keyword(s):

We’re all different.

Wooch gunayáade haa ditee.

Keyword(s):

We’re all equal.

Woosh yáx haa kdidáal ldakát uháan.

Keyword(s):

We’re yawning.

Haa k’awáash.

Keyword(s):

What clan are you?

Daakw aa naax sá isitee?
OR
Daat naax sá isitee?

Keyword(s):

What day (of the week) is it?

X'oon yagiyee sáyá?

Keyword(s):

What’s the date?

X’oon sáwé yaawaxéi (yá dís)?

Keyword(s):

wheelchair

kajúxaa káayagijeit

Keyword(s):

When is s/he coming/traveling back?

Gwátgeen sá haadé kukgwatéen?

Keyword(s):

Where are you going to travel to?

Goodé(i) sá kukgeetéen?

Keyword(s):

White people didn’t welcome us among them.

Dleit káach has du xoodáx has haa yaawatsák.

Keyword(s):

Who are your grandparents?

Aadóo sá i léelk'u hásx sitee?

Keyword(s):

Who is your mother’s mother?

Aadóo sá i tláa du tláax sitee?

Keyword(s):

Y

You all sit down good/right/properly!

K'idéin gaykí!

Keyword(s):

You all sit up!

Kindachóon gaykí!

Keyword(s):

You are all equal to me.

Ch'a wooch yáx yee kaxwlidáal.

Keyword(s):

You broke my heart.

Ax téix' kayliwál'.

Keyword(s):

You don’t dance (to this song).

Hél a káa adul’eix.

Keyword(s):

You make me happy.

Ax toowú ilik'éi.

Keyword(s):

You will be constipated.

Ikgwasdéek’.

Keyword(s):

You’re my one and only.

Tléináx ax tseiyíx isitee.

Keyword(s):

You’re my sweetheart.

Ax tsieyí áwé wa.é.

Keyword(s):

[

[profanity]

Náanaa.eená! / Naana.éené! / Ná na ée ná!
(Literally "here, here, yuck, here!") This is considered profanity, and is used when someone is really angry at another person. Traditionally, it was accompanied by the gwáatl' (fist with thumb stuck between index and middle finger). They would spit on their fist and then shake it in front of the other person's face and say this. This gesture is said to represent female privates. This is the worst thing one can say in Tlingit. Use with caution!

Keyword(s):

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ALL

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You are here

A

abandon

abstain

accomplish

address

admire

adult teeth

advance

advise

afraid

age

age

amuse

anchor

And the lucky winner is Jenny!

angry

answer

anxiety

anxious

appoint

appoint

Are you pregnant?

Are you Raven or Eagle?

argue

ask

ask

assault

astonished

attack

attack

avalanche

awake

B

baby teeth

bad-mouth

bait hooks

balloon

bandage

baptize

barbecue

bark

bath

bathe

be

Be strong, hang in there.

beat

beat up

bed

bed

believe

bend

bend

bicycle

big

big

big

bind

bite

bite

bitter

blame

bleed

blessed

blow

blow

blow

blow

blow up

blow up

blunt

boil

boil

boil

born

borrow

bother

bother

break

break