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baby : baby, infant miġaruuraq, dl. miġaruurak, pl. miġaruurat The infant is crying. Miġaruuraq qiaruq. 2. baby paipiuraq [Eng.] Her baby is cute. Paipiuraŋa anaŋŋaaŋuruq

bachelor : nuliaġutlaiḷaq, dl. nuliaġutlaiḷak, pl. nuliaġutlaiḷat The bachelor stays alone. Nuliaġutlaiḷaq kisimi itchuuruq. 2. bachelor, spinster iḷaqatnigutlaiḷaq, dl. iḷaqatnigutlaiḷak, pl. iḷaqatnigutlaiḷat The bachelor lives alone. Iḷaqatnigutlaiḷaq iñuuniaġaqtuq kisimi.

back : -stern- aqu it’s stern aqua Grab the stern of the boat! Umiam aqua tigguuŋ!

back : upper back of human body quliik The child’s upper back is itchy. Quliik iyaalugruam kumaksruktuk. 2. back of anything tunu, dl. tunuk, pl. tunut My back is hurting. Tunuga atniġñaqtuq. 3. on a person’s back; at the back of tunuani, dl. tunuakni, pl. tunuatni The box is in back of the house. Suluun tupqum tunuani ittuq.

back there : back there behind, landwards, mountainwards; not visible pamma There is a fire back there. Pamma pavani iki. 2. back there away from shore, landwards, mountainwards, visible, in motion or covers a large area pavva 3. located back there in a large visible area pavani, located back there in an area not visible pamani My friend has a house back there. -visible, distant- Pavani uumaaġa tupiqaqtuq.

backbone : spinal column kiyipigaq, dl. kiyipikkak, pl. kiyipikkat The backbone is very strong. Kiyipigaq saŋŋiḷḷapiaqtuq. 2. small of back -lumbar curve- tapsiñiq, dl. tapsiññak, pl. tapsiñġich The small of my back is hurting. Tapsiñiġa atniġñaqtuq.

backpack : a load carried on the back natmak The load on my back is heavy. Natmaga uqumaitchuq. 2. a camping pack, backpack as of canvas, nylon or sealskin; a packsack natmagvik, dl. natmagviik, pl. natmagviich My backpack is red. Natmagviga kaviqsaaŋuruq. 3. to backpack; to carry on the back natmak- or natmaktuq- he is carrying something on his back; she is backpacking natmaktuq or natmaktuqtuq, dl. natmaktuqtuk, pl. natmaktuqtut My father is carrying food on his back. Taataga natmaktuqtuq niqinik.

bad : to be bad, evil pigiit- he is bad, evil pigiitchuq, dl. pigiitchuk, pl. pigiitchut The devil is evil. Tuunġaq pigiitchuq. Don’t be bad. Pigiitmiñak. 2. he did wrong, he did something bad, he sins killuqsaqtuq, dl. killuqsaqtuk, pl. killuqsaqtut He did wrong although he tried not to. Killuqsaqtuq piñġiññiuraġniallaġmi.

bag : puukataq, dl. puukatak, pl. puukatat My bag is lost. Puukataġa tammaqtuq

bail : to bail qalu- she is bailing water qaluruq, dl. qaluruk, pl. qalurut He is bailing water from the boat. Qaluruq imiġmik umiamiñ. He is bailing it. Qalugaa. She is bailing the water from the boat. Qalugaa imiq umiamiñ. Go and bail water out of the boat! Qallutyaġuŋ umiaq!

bait : naġiaq, dl. naġiak, pl. naġiat Bait can be used on hooks. Naġiaq atuġnaqtuq niksiŋñun.

bake : to bake, to cook in oven samuunnaaq- I cooked it in the oven. Samuunnaaqtiqługu niqniaġiga. 2. to bake, to cook in oven, to roast argiq- I cooked it in the oven. or I roasted it. Argiqḷugu niqniaġiga. She is baking the fish. Argiqsuq qaluŋmik. 3. to bake bread qaqqi- he is baking bread qaqqiruq, dl. qaqqiruk, pl. qaqqirut My mother is baking bread for sale. Aanaga qaqqiruq tuniaksranik.

baking powder : puvlaksaun Baking powder can be used when baking muffins. Puvlaksaun atuġnaqtuq iraurriuqtuni.

baking soda : siiġñaiyaun I bought baking soda from the store. Siiġñaiyautiksraqtuŋa tauqsiġñiaġviŋmiñ.

baldpate duck : uggiihiq, dl. uggiihik, pl. uggiihich Baldpate is a duck. Uggiihiq tiŋmiaġruuruq. The baldpate duck is good to eat. Uggiihiq niġiruni nakuuruq.

baleen : suqqaq The baleen is a part of the whale. Suqqaq iḷaviñiġigaa aġviġum

ball : aqsraaq, dl. aqsraak, pl. aqsraat The ball is big. Aqsraaq aŋiruq.

balloon : puviġaaq, dl. puviġaak, pl. puviġaat Children like balloons. Puviġaat iyaalugruich pisuugaich.

bandage : mamitaksraq, dl. mamitaksrak, pl. mamitaksrat Do you have any bandages? Mamitaksrautiqaqpich? 2. to bandage mamitaq- He has bandaged himself. Mamitaqtuq. He bandaged himself in the house. Mamitaqtuq iŋmiñun tupqum iḷuani. she is applying a bandage on another mamitairuq She is applying a bandage on his arm. Mamitairuq talianik. he bandaged it mamitaġaa, dl. mamitaġaak, pl. mamitaġaat They bandaged his leg. Mamitaġaat niuŋa.

bark : to bark qiḷuk- it is barking qiḷuktuq, dl. qiḷuktuk, pl. qiḷuktut The dog is barking because he doesn’t know the people. Qipmiq qiḷuktuq atlayuaqhuni iñuŋnik.

bark : tree bark amiġaq, dl. amiqqak, pl. amiqqat Bark can be used for house roofing. Amiġaq atuġnaqtuq tupqum qiḷaŋanun.

barrel : a wooden barrel qattaġruk, dl. qattaġruuk, pl. qattaġruich Barrels are good for storing berries in. Qattaġruich asriaqaġvigiksut.

bashful : to be bashful, shy kanŋusruk- he is bashful, self-conscious kanŋusruktuq, dl. kanŋusruktuk, pl. kanŋusruktut She was bashful when he spoke to her. Kanŋusruktuq uqqaaġigvigipmani.

basin : wash basin iġġuġviuraq, dl. iġġuġviurak, pl. iġġuġviurat The wash basin is full. Iġġuġviuraq immaukkaqtuq.

basket sled : qiḷġich The length of the sled is fourteen feet. Qiḷġich taktilaaqaqtut qulit sisamat isigaksaġniqtun.

basketball : to play basketball aqsrarriqi-, aqsraaq- he is playing basketball aqsrarriqiruq, dl. aqsrarriqiruk, pl. aqsrarriqirut or aqsraaqtuq, dl. aqsraaqtuk, pl. aqsraaqtut They are playing ball at school. Aqsraaqtut aglagviŋmi. 2. basketball players aqsraaqtit, aqsrarriqirit

bathe : to bathe, to wash, to take a bath uvvaq- She is bathing. Uvvaqtuq. He is bathing in the river. Uvvaqtuq kuuŋmi. 2. to bathe, to wash, to take a bath iġġuq- She is bathing. Iġġuqtuq. She bathed when she got dirty. Iġġuqtuq puyatnami. she is bathing or washing him iġġuġaa or uvvaġaa She is washing the child. Uvvaġaa iyaalugruaq. or Iġġuġaa iḷaalugruaq.

beach : -lit., the edge of ocean- taġium siñaa There are lots of sea shells on the beach. Taġium siñaani uviḷut iñugiaktut.

bead : suŋauraq, dl. suŋaurak, pl. suŋaurat Beads make pretty trimming. Suŋaurat qupagiksut. 2. to work with beads, to do beadwork suŋaurriqi- She is doing beadwork. Suŋaurriqiruq. My daughter is doing beadwork. Paniga suŋaurriqiruq.

beak : beak, bill siyyuuk, dl. siyyuuk, pl. siyyuich All birds have beaks. Siyyuuk tiŋmiḷupayaani ittuk.

beam : a beam or ray of light qaumaniq, dl. qaumannak, pl. qaumanġich I see a beam of light up there. Qaumaniq pitcha tautukkiga.

bean : niliġnaq, dl. niliġnak, pl. niliġnat Beans are good to eat. Niliġnat nakuurut niġiruni.

bear : black bear iyyaġriq, dl. iyyaġrik, pl. iyyaġrich The black bear is eating a fish. Iyyaġriq niġiruq qaluŋmik. 2. brown bear, grizzly bear akłaq, dl. akłak, pl. akłat The brown bear is big. Akła aŋiruq. 3. polar bear nanuq, dl. nannuk, pl. nannut The white polar bear lives in the ocean. Qatiqtaaq nanuq iñuuniaġaqtuq taġiumi. The polar bear dived under the ice. Nanuq nakkaqtuq sikum ataanun. 4. bear, black or brown pisruktuaq

beard : umŋich The man’s beard is long. Aŋutim umŋi takirut. 2. to grow a beard ummi- A man grows a beard on his chin. Aŋun ummiraqtuq tavlumigun.

beat : to beat another in a contest, fight. etc., to win from another akiiḷi- he beats him -in contest- akiiḷiyaa, dl. akiiḷiyaak, pl. akiiḷiyaat My older brother beat the man in a footrace. Aniŋama akiiḷiyaa aŋun aqpaliutraqamik. He beats his opponent. Igḷuni akiiḷiyaa. 2. to be beaten, to not win akiiḷipchaq- He is beaten. Akiiḷipchaqtuq. He got hurt, so he lost. Atniqsiqhuni akiiḷipchaqtuq.

beaver : aqu, dl. aquk, pl. aqut The color of a beaver is brown. Aqu qaaqaqtuq iliktamik. 2. beaver; beaver skin paługtaq, dl. pałuqtak, pl. pałuqtat I’m going to tan my beaver skins. Pałuqtautitka qitummaŋniaġitka. 3. beaver dam iglu or saputit, dl. igluk, pl. iglut We saw a beaver dam. Qiñiqtugut aqum saputaiñik.

because : takku He is crying because he is sad. Qiaruq takku aliasrukhuni

become : to become; to turn into another form; to undergo change; to metamorphize -as in folktales- plus [ġ]uq [n-n] plus [ġ]uq is used with a noun that ends in a ‘q’ or a vowel plus [g]uq is used with a noun that ends in a ‘k’ wolf amaġuq She became a wolf. Amaġuġuqtuq. berry asriaq The flower became a berry. Nauriuraq asriaġuqtuq. person iñuk The bear turned into a human being and spoke to him. Akłam iñuguutiplugu uqaġvigigaa.

bed : siñigviich The bed is high. Siñigviich kiŋiktut

bee : see bumblebee

beetle : kiŋmayuk, dl. kiŋmayuuk, pl. kiŋmayuich The beetle bites. Kiŋmayuk kigisisuuruq. 2. beetle aviññaurayuuq, dl. aviññaurayuuk, pl. aviññaurayuut This black beetle emits a foul odor when crushed. Aviññaurayuuq aaqqaaŋuruq qaaqtiqtuni. 3. stag bettle putuguqsiuġayuk, dl. putuguqsiuġayyuk, pl. putuguqsiuġayuich The water has stag beetles in it. Imiq putuguqsiuġayuqaqtuq.

before it : sivuani, dl. si- vuakni, pl. sivuatni I entered the house before the dog caught me. Sivuani qipmim aŋugaluaqtitnaŋa isiqtiqtuŋa tupiġmun.

beg : to beg, to ask for earnestly iŋiula- he is begging iŋiularuq, dl. iŋiularuk, pl. iŋiularut The child is begging for sweets. Iyaalugruaq iŋiularuq siiġñaqtaanik.

begin : to begin, to start aullaqniu- he is beginning, he is starting or he has started aullaqniuruq She has started to make the net. Kuvramik aullaqniuruq. he is starting on it, she is beginning to work on it aullagniugaa He has begun working on the house that he is building. Aullaqniugaa tuppiani. 2. to begin an action, e.g. to eat israguti- He is beginning the action. Isragutiruq. She is beginning to eat before the others. Isragutiruq sivuatni atlat.

behind : behind it aquani, dl. aquakni, pl. aquatni Your boat is traveling behind hers. Umian igliqtuq aquagun umiaŋan. 2. to stay behind while others go out pai- stays behind, stays home pairuq, dl. pairuk, pl. pairut My daughter stayed home while I went berry picking. Paniuraġa pairuq aullaqsruġiaqama. My son stays behind. Iġñiġa pairuq. or Iġñiġa paiyugaaqtuq. 3. behind him, her, it tunuani, dl. tunuakni, pl. tunuatni There it is behind her. Taiñña tunuani ittuq. 4. behind a house, tent, building structure kiluani, dl. kiluakni, pl. kiluatni It is located behind the house. Tupqum kiluani ittuq.

believe : to believe ukpiq-, ukpiġi- she believes/believed ukpiqtuq, dl. ukpiqtuk, pl. ukpiqtut He believes the story. Ukpiqtuq unipchaamik. she believes/believed him ukpiġigaa, dl. ukpiġigaak, pl. ukpiġigaat She believed him when he told the story. Ukpiġigaa unipchaaqman.

bell : kasraun, akuġluk, or aviḷuqtaun dl. kasrautik, pl. kasrautit The bell is ringing. Kasraun kasraktuq. -K- or Akuġluk akuġluktuq. -Nv- or Aviḷuqtaun aviḷuqtaqtuq. -Sl.-

below : below it ataani, dl. ataakni, pl. ataatni It is below the table. Niġġiviich ataatni ittuq.

belt : tapsi, dl. tapsik pl. tapsich The color of the man’s belt is black. Aŋutim tapsia qiġñiqtaaŋuruq

beluga : sisuaq -see whale-

bench : a bench along the wall -traditional- igḷiq, dl. igḷik pl. igḷiġich Sit down on the bench along the wall. Igḷimun aquvittin. 2. a wooden bench unaqsiq aquppiuraaġvik, dl. unaqsik aquppiuraaġviik, pl. unaqsich aquppiuraaġviich I sat down on the wooden bench. Aquvittuŋa unaqsimun aquppiuraaġviŋmun.

bend : to bend piġit-

beneath : see below

benefit : to benefit from something ikayuusriaqaġviqaq- he benefited ikayuusriaqaġviqaqtuq, dl. ikayuusriaqaġviqaqtuk, pl. ikayuusriaqaġviqaqtut I benefited from the lesson. Ikayuusriaqaġvigigiga taamna iḷḷiksaaq. or Ikayuusriaqaqtuŋa iḷḷiksaamiñ.

berry : berry, fruit asriaq, dl. asriak, pl. asriat Berries are good to eat. Asriat niġiruni nakuurut. 2. bearberry -Arctostaphylos alpina- tinnik, dl. tinniik, pl. tinniich The bearberry is thick when chewed. Tinnik kiniqtuq niġiruni. 3. bearberry -Arctostaphylos alpina- kavlaq, dl. kavlak, pl. kavlat The bearberry is bigger than the blackberry. Kavlaq aŋitluktuq paunġamiñ. 4. blueberry asriavik, dl. asriaviik, pl. asriaviich The blueberry ripened. Asriavik piŋŋuqtuq. 5. juniper berry tulukkam asriaq, dl. tulukkam asriak, pl. tulukkam asriat Juniper berries can be used for medicine. Tulukkam asriaq mairisautlaruq. There are lots of juniper berries on the hill. Tulukkam asriat iñugiaktut ikpigaami. 6. red currant niviŋŋaqutaq, dl. niviŋŋaqutak, pl. niviŋŋaqutat A red currant is a berry and it is good to eat. Niviŋŋaqutaq asriaŋuruq suli niġiruni nakuuruq. 7. salmonberry, cloudberry aqpik, dl. aqpiik, pl. aqpiich The salmonberry is orange when it is ripe. Aqpik piŋŋuqami kaviaqtaaŋusruuruq. 8. crowberry, blackberry paunġaq, dl. paunġak, pl. paunġat He went to pick crowberries. Paunġiaqtuq. 9. wild strawberry ivgum asriaq, dl. ivgum asriak, pl. ivgum asriat Wild strawberries are delicious. Ivgum asriat nakuurut niġiruni. 10. rose hip berry igruŋnaq, dl. igruŋnak, pl. igruŋnat A rose hip berry is red. Igruŋnaq kaviqsaaŋuruq. 11. trailing raspberry tuunġaum asriaq, dl. tuunġaum asriak, pl. tuunġaum asriat 12. to pick berries aullaqsruq- She is picking berries. Aullaqsruġniaqtuq. She went berrypicking. Aullaqsruġiaqtuq.

better : to be better nakuutluk- It is better. Nakuutluktuq. That one is better. Nakuutluktuq taamna.

beyond : beyond it uŋataani, dl. uŋataakni, pl. uŋataatni What is beyond the sky? Uŋataani qiḷaum sua itpa? 2. beyond reach ayuġnaq- It is beyond his reach. Ayuġaa taamna. or Ayuġnaqtuq.

big : to be big aŋi- It is big. Aŋiruq. The ball is big. Aqsraaq aŋiruq. 2. to be big, to be large plus qpak-, plus pak- a big house tupiqpak a big spoon aluutaqpak a big person iñukpak a big ulu uluqpak He is a big man. Iñukpauruq.

bile : suŋaq The bile of the pike can be eaten like a sauce. Siulgum suŋaŋa avuginaqtuq niġiruni.

binoculars, goggles : iriġruak Give me the binoculars. Iriġruak qaitkik uvamnun.

birch basket, berry basket : aimmaq, dl. aimmaak, pl. aimmaich The basket is used for picking berries. Aimmaq aullaqsruġniutnauruq.

bird : a small bird tiŋmiuraq, dl. tiŋmiurak, pl. tiŋmiurat Birds are pleasant to hear. Tiŋmiurat naalaktuaġnaqtut. 2. water ouzel: aanaruum kiviruq 3. savaanah sparrow: akitchiasrkhaq or akitchiaksraq 4. fox sparrow: ikłiġvik 5. yellow wagtail: iksriktaayuuq 6. robin: kanayuuraq 7. horned lark: nagrulik 8. belted kingfisher: nukuutchiqiq 9. Gambel’s or white-crowned sparrow: nuŋŋaqtuaġruk 10. gray-cheeked thrush: piiġaq 11. tree sparrow: pisiqpisiqpiisrkhaq 12. Alaska longspur: putukkiułuk 13. Smith’s longspur: putukkiułukpak 14. pine grosbeak: qayuutaaq 15. golden-crowned: qianaratuuq 16. common redpoll: saksakiuraq 17. myrtle warbler: siḷaluksiugauraq 18. whimbrel: siuttuvak 19. Arctic or yellow warbler: suŋaqpaluktuŋiq 20. varied thrush: siŋutluluuq 21. Bohemian waxwing: suluktatchialik 22. swallow: tulugaġnauraq 23. lesser yellow legs: tiŋmiam qipmia 24. wheatear: tiŋmiaqpauraq 25. flicker: tuuyusrugruk 26. chickadee: misiqqaaqauraq, misiqqaaqaq, iknisaiḷaq

birth : to give birth iġñi- she has given birth -she has had a baby- iġñiruq, dl. iġñiruk, pl. iġñirut She has given birth to a baby boy. Igñiruq aŋutmik. 2. afterbirth, placenta alġaaq, dl. alġaak, pl. alġaat 3. the time or place of birth, birthday annivik His birthday is in May. Sikuiġviŋmi anniviqaqtuq.

birthday : to have a birthday anniviḷit- it is her birthday anniviḷitchuq, dl. anniviḷitchuk, pl. anniviḷitchut Have a happy birthday. Quvianaġli anniviḷiḷhiñ. It is good that it is your birthday. Anniviḷiḷḷuqtutin.

biscuit : qaqquq, dl. qaqquk, pl. qaqqut The biscuit is good to eat. Qaqquq niġiruni nakuuruq.

bit : the bit of a drill sikuq, dl. sikkuk, pl. sikkut The drill bit is not heavy. Niuġautmun sikuq uqitchuq.

bite : to take a bite of, to bite kigisi-, kigi- he has taken a bite of it kigisiruq, dl. kigisiruk, pl. kigisirut He has taken a bite of the bread. Kigisiruq qaqqiamiñ. he bites it kigiyaa, dl. kigiyaak, pl. kigiyaat The child has bitten the baby’s finger. Iyaalugruam kigiḷiġaa paipiuram argaŋa. 2. to bite incessantly, to chew on kiŋmaq- he is biting on something kiŋmaqtuq, dl. kiŋmaqtuk, pl. kiŋmaqtut She is chewing on her fingernail. Kiŋmaqtuq kukiŋmiñik. 3. to bite -of a dog, animal- ugiaq- it bit her ugiaġaa, dl. ugiaġaak, pl. ugiaġaat The dog bit him. Qipmim ugiaġaa. 4. to be bitten by an animal ugiaqtit- he was bitten ugiaqtittuq, dl. ugiaqtittuk, pl. ugiaqtittut Don’t get bitten now! Ugiaqtinniaqnak!

bitter : to taste sour, to taste bitter, to taste of bile suŋaġnit- it is bitter suŋaġnitchuq, dl. suŋaġnitchuk, pl. suŋaġnitchut The unripe berry is bitter. Suŋaġnitchuq quviqti. The water is bitter. Imiq suŋaġnitchuq.

black : qiġñiqtaaq, dl. qiġñiqtaak pl. qiġñiqtaat 2. to be black qiġñiq- it is black qiġñiqtuq, dl. qiġñiqtuk pl. qiġñiqtut The raven is black. Tulugaq qiġñiqtuq.

blackbird : rusty blackbird tulukkam ittuq, dl. tulukkam ittuk, pl. tulukkam ittut The rusty blackbird is smaller than a raven. Tulukkam ittuq mikitluktuq tulukkamiñ.

blackfish : iłuuqiñiq, dl. iłuuqiññak, pl. iłuuqiñġich The blackfish lives in the water. Iłuuqiñiq imiġmi itchuuruq.

blame : to use as an excuse, to blame something for a reason patchisigi- he blames him, he uses it as an excuse patchisigigaa, dl. patchisigigaak, pl. patchisigigaat The man blames him for taking his tools. Aŋutim patchisigigaa piñipiḷugich savalġutini.

blanket : cover, blanket ulitchiaq, dl. ulitchiak, pl. ulitchiat A blanket is used when one sleeps. Siñiktuni ulitchiaq atuġnaqtuq.

blanket toss : blanket used for blanket tossing nalukataq to blanket toss nalukataq- he is being tossed nalukataqtuq, dl. nalukataqtuk, pl. nalukataqtut My sister blanket tossed on the blanket during the Fourth of July celebration. Aniqatiga nalukataqtuq Fourth of July-qmata.

blasphame : to blaspheme, put a curse on someone uqaġniġluk- he is blaspheming uqaġniġluktuq, dl. uqaġniġluktuk, pl. uqaġniġluktut The man is speaking blasphemy to his friends. Aŋun uqaġniġluktuq iḷauraġmiñun.

bleed : to bleed aunaaqsruq- he is bleeding aunaaqsruqtuq, dl. aunaaqsruqtuk, pl. aunaaqsruqtut My wound is bleeding. Kiḷḷiġa aunaaqsruqtuq.

blessing : blessing -passing of power from a shaman to his disciple- piḷiun

blind : to be blind ayau- he is blind ayauruq, dl. ayauruk, pl. ayaurut The old lady is blind. Aaquaksraatchiaq ayauruq. 2. to lose one’s sight qiñitlaiq- he became blind qiñitlaiqsuq, dl. qiñitlaiqsuk, pl. qiñitlaiqsut My mother became blind when she hurt her eyes. Aanaga qiñitlaiqsuq atniqami irraŋmigun. 3. to be blind qiñitlait- She is blind. Qiŋitlaitchuq. My grandfather is blind. Taataga qiŋitlaitchuq.

blink : to blink sikunġipaktaq- she is blinking sikunġipaktaqtuq, dl. sikunġipaktaqtuk, pl. sikunġipaktaqtut The lights are blinking on the tree. Sikunġipaktaqtut naniŋi napaaqtum.

blizzard : for there to be a blizzard aŋniq- It is stormy. There is a blizzard. Aŋniqsuq.

block : to be blocking the way, to be in the way avriaqutau- it is blocking the way, it is in the way avriaqutauruq, dl. avriaqutauruk, pl. avriaqutaurut The puppy is in the way. Qipmiuraq avriaqutauruq.

block and tackle : kiyipigaurat A block and tackle pulls heavy objects. Kiyipigaurat nuqitchiraqtut uqumaiḷanik.

blood : auk, dl. auk, pl. augich The blood is red. Auk kaviqsuq. Blood flows through the veins. Auk igliġuuruq taqqatigun.

blood vessel : taqaq, dl. taqqak, pl. taqat People have blood vessels. Iñuich taqaqaqtut.

blow : to blow, to blow out supi- He blew out the candle. Supillakkaa kialuuraq. 2. to blow repeatedly supumik- He is blowing into the air- hole of a woodstove. Supumiksuq supluaqtuġvikun. 3. a blowhole suppuqtaġvik, dl. suppuqtaġviik, pl. suppuqtaġviich The whale breathes through his blowhole. Aġviq aniqsaaġuuruq suppuqtaġviŋmigun.

blubber : nutaġġiñġaq Some people eat unrendered blubber. Iñuich iḷaŋich nutaġġiñġaqtuġuurut. 2. rendered blubber strips in oil uqsruġaq, dl. uqsruqqak, pl. uqsruqqat I want some rendered blubber. Uqsruuġaġuktuŋa. 3. blubber strips aged in seal skin poke or whale meat mixed with blubber and whole blood and aged for taste mikigaq, dl. mikikkak, pl. mikikkat Point Hope people make mikigaq. Tikiġaġmuit mikigaliuġaqtut.

blue : the color blue, something blue uquaqtaaq, dl. uquaqtaak, pl. uquaqtaat to be blue uquaq- it is blue uquaqtuq, dl. uquaqtuk, pl. uquaqtut The cloth is blue. Nukiḷihaaq uquaqtuq. or Ukiḷhaaq uquaqtuq.

blush : to blush from modesty, shyness or confusion kaviġḷuksi- She is blushing. Kaviġḷuksiruq. 2. to blush from embarrassment, to look embarrassed kigiñaġiiḷiq- He is blushing from embarrassment kigiñaġiiḷiqsuq, dl. kigiñaġiiḷiqsuk, pl. kigiñaġiiḷiqsut She is blushing with embarrassment. Kigiñaġiiḷiqsuq kanŋusruliqhuni.

boast : to be boastful kamasraaq- he is boastful kamasraaqtuq, dl. kamasraaqtuk, pl. kamasraaqtut The man is boastful. Aŋun kamasraaqtuq. 2. to boast, to brag uqavik- she is boasting, she is bragging uqaviksuq She is boasting of her new house. Uqaviksuq tupitchiaqami.

boat : umiaq, dl. umiak, pl. umiat The boat stays in the water during the summer. Umiaq imiġmi itchuuruq auraġmi.

body : timi, dl. timik, pl. timit The person’s body is in pain. Iñuum timaa atniġñaqtuq. It is not good when one’s body is aching. Nakuunġitchuq timi una atniġñaqman. 2. body hair, pubic hair mitquq, dl. mitquk, pl. mitqut see also feather, hair The body is hairy. Timi mitquuruq.

boil : sore ayuaq, dl. ayuak, pl. ayuat A boil is painful. Ayuaq atniġñaqtuq. 2. to boil food iga- she is boiling meat or fish igaapiaqtuq, dl. igaapiaqtuk, pl. igaapiaqtut She is boiling food. Igaruq. He is boiling fish. Igaruq qaluŋmik. She is boiling fish for lunch. Igaapiaqtuq qaluŋmik aiḷiḷġutaksramik. 3. to boil qalat- It is boiling. Qalattuq. Your soup is boiling. Imiġaurriugan qalattuq. She boils it. Qalatitkaa.

bola : qiḷamitautit In the old days, they hunted with bolas. Taimani qiḷamitautinik aŋuniaġaqtut.

bold : to be bold -to be sure of not being refused, to freely help oneself to another’s things- attaqsranġit-, attaqsrait- he is bold attaqsranġitchuq, dl. attaqsranġitchuk, pl. attaqsranġitchut The man is bold. Aŋun attaqsraitchuq.

bone : sauniq, dl. saunnak, pl. saunġich A moose also has bones. Tiniikaq sauniqaqmiuq. 2. bone end isivluk, dl. isivluuk, pl. isivluich Bone ends are ground and oil is obtained from them. Isivluich kauŋnaqtut aasrii puiññivigiplugich. 3. a sled runner piece made of bone, used in traditional times agluviñiq, dl. agluviññak, pl. agluviñġich A piece of the sled runner has broken. Qiḷġiñun agluviñiq naviŋniqsuq.

book : makpiġaat Books are to be read. Makpiġaat agliqiaksraurut. 2. to look at a book, thumb through a book makpiġaaq- The child is looking at books. Iyaalugruaq makpiġaaqtuaġuraaqtuq.

boot : -Eskimo boot, mukluk- kamik, dl. kammak, pl. kamŋich see also sole One mukluk is very big. Kamik atausriq aŋiłallaktuq. 2. factory made boot, ready made boot sakpakiq, dl. sakpakiik, pl. sakpakiich My boot has a hole in it. Sakpakiġa allaqaqtuq. 3. mukluk with ugruk soles ugrulik, dl. ugrullak, pl. ugrulgich Hard bottom mukluks with ugruk soles are used in warmer weather. Ugrullak atuġnaqtuk itraitman. 4. soft-soled mukluks iḷiqnilik, dl. iḷiqnillak, pl. iḷiqnilgich see also caribou 5. boot upper, mukluk upper, -lit, body- timi, dl. timik, pl. timit The upper body of the mukluk is made out of caribou leggings. Kamŋum timaa tuttum niutchiaŋañiñ iñiqsimaruq. 6. mukluk ankle strap, boot lace, shoelace siŋiq, dl. siŋŋik, pl. siŋŋich Some mukluk ankle straps are white. Iḷaŋich kamŋich siŋŋich qatiqtut. 7. fancy mukluk trim quli, dl. qulik, pl. qulit The fancy trim on the mukluk is pretty. Kamŋum qulaa piññaqnaqtuq. 8. mukluk fur trim qulipak, dl. qulipaak, pl. qulipaich The fur trim is brown. Qulipak iliktauruq.

borrow : to borrow attaqsi- he has borrowed something attaqsiruq, dl. attaqsiruk, pl. attaqsirut The woman has borrowed a skin scraper. Aġnaq attaqsiruq ichuutmik. 2. to borrow atauksraq- he has borrowed something atauksraqtuq, dl. atauksraqtuk, pl. atauksraqtut She has borrowed my washtub. Atauksraqtuq iġġuġvimñik. 3. to borrow simmiḷiaksraq- Go and borrow some coffee. Simmiḷiaksriallaktiġiñ kuukpiamik.

both : you both, they both iluqatik we both, both of us iluqanuk both of them iluqaaknik Get both of them. Iluqaaknik pikkik. 2. both sides saniqqak The person’s sides are aching. Saniqqak iñuum igḷuktun atniġñaqtuk.

bother : to bother iḷaksia- she is bothering him iḷaksiagaa, dl. iḷaksiagaak, pl. iḷaksiagaat She is bothering the one who was listening. Iḷaksiagaa naalaġniruaq. Don’t bother her. Iḷaksianagu.

bottom : the bottom one atliq, dl. atliik, pl. atliich The cache at the bottom is filled with food. Atliq siġḷuuraq immaukkaqtuq. 2. the bottom of a body of water, boat, jar or any container; floor natiq it’s bottom, floor natqa The bottom of the lake is muddy. Narvam natqa isruqtuq.

bow : for hunting qiluiññaq, dl. qiluiññaak, pl. qiluiññaich The man is making a bow. Aŋun qiluiññaliruq. 2. arrow gaġrupiaq, dl. qaġrupiak, pl. qaġrupiat The bow has arrows. Qiluiññaq qaġrupiaqaqtuq. 3. arrow pouch siksisaq Arrow pouches were made of skin. Siksisat piḷiuġuunikkaŋich iḷiqniġmiñ.

bow : to bow punŋa- she is bowing, he is bending low punŋaruq, dl. punŋaruk, pl. punŋarut The man is bowing low while going towards the animal. Aŋun punŋaruq pisrullaġmi aŋŋutim tuŋaanun. 2. to bow down, to bow one’s head sikit- he bends over, he bows down sikittuq Japanese bow in greeting. Yaapaniit sikitchuurut qiñġuti’amiŋ.

bowl : piŋaluuraq, dl. piŋaluurak, pl. piŋaluurat A bowl is a little deep dish. Piŋaluuraq, iḷḷuaġiksauraq puggutaq.

box : suluun, dl. suluutik, pl. suluutit The box is smelly. Suluun tipituruq. 2. to box qakiq- to punch qakiqsaq- she boxed him qakiġaa, dl. qakiġaak, pl. qakiġaat He boxed the man. Qakiġaa aŋun. 3. to have a boxing match qakiqtautraq- a professional boxer qakiqtautraqti The boxers will have a boxing match. Qakiqtautraqtik qakigtautraġniaqtuk.

boy : -lit., small man- aŋugauraq dl. aŋugaurak, pl. aŋugaurat The boy is smaller than a man. Aŋugauraq mikitluktuq aŋutmiñ. 2. boy nukatpiaġruk, dl. nukatpiaġruuk, pl. nukatpiaġruich The boy is talking to the girl. Nukatpiaġruk uqaqtuq aġnauramun. 3. small boy nukatpialugruaq, dl. nukatpialugruak, pl. nukpialugruich The small boy is playing on the swing. Nukatpialugruaq aġiunaqtuq aŋiḷhisautmi.

brag : to brag nanġaq-, uqavik- he is bragging, he is praising himself nanġaqtuq, dl. nanġaqtuk, pl. nanġaqtut He is bragging about himself. Iŋmiñun nanġaqtuq. He praised my work. Nanġaġai savaatka. 2. he is bragging, he is praising himself uqaviksuq, dl. uqaviksuk, pl. uqaviksut He bragged about my work. Uqaviutigigai savaatka.

braid : to braid piḷiġaq-, piḷġaq- she is braiding something piḷiġaqtuq She is braiding her own hair. Piḷiġaqtuq nuyaġmiñik. he is braiding it piḷiġaġaa , dl. piḷiġaġaak, pl. piḷiġaġaat She is braiding her daughter’s hair. Piḷiġaġai paniŋmi nuyai.

brain : qaqisaq, dl. qaqisak, pl. qaqisat An animal’s brain can be used for tanning skins. Qaqisaq atuġnaqtuq imaqsiruni ammiñik.

brake : -on sled- kinitagun, dl. kinitagutik, pl. kinitagutit The sled brake is at the back of the sled. Kinitagun ittuq aquatni qiḷġich. 2. to use the brake kinitak- she is using the brakes kinitaktuq, dl. kinitaktuk, pl. kinitaktut He is using the brake on the sled when going down the hill. Kinitaktuq atqaaqsi’ami atqaġiami.

branch : akiġuq, dl. akiqquk, pl. akiqqut The branch of the tree broke. Napaaqtum akiġua naviktuq.

bread : qaqqiaq to bake bread qaqqi- She is baking bread. Qaqqiruq. 2. breadstuffs qaqquq breadstuffs, such as bread, crackers, hotcakes, cakes, etc. qaqquq, dl. qaqquk, pl. qaqqut to bake or cook breadstuffs, to bake cake qaqquliuq- She is baking breadstuffs. She is baking cake. Qaqquliuqtuq.

break : to break or tear into pieces, to dismantle suqumit- or siqumit- he is tearing it suqumitkaa, dl. suqumitkaak, pl. suqumitkaat He is tearing a paper box into pieces. Suqumitkaa kaliikkaq suluun. 2. to break in two navik- it has broken in two naviktuq, dl. naviktuk, pl. naviktut My jigging stick has broken in two. Aulasrautiga naviktuq. 3. to break something in two naviksi- Break off a piece and give me some. Naviksiḷḷagutin aatchullaŋŋa. 4. to destroy, to break piiyaq- she has broken it piiyaġaa, dl. piiyaġaak, pl. piiyaġaat The little boy has broken his toy airplane. Aŋugauram piiyaġaa tiŋmisuutiŋŋuani.

breaker : -on the shore- qaaqtaq

breakfast : itqutaq to eat breakfast itqutchiq- he is eating breakfast itqutchiqsuq She ate breakfast this morning. Uvlaaq itqutchiqsuaq. It is breakfast time now. Itqutchiġñiaqsiruq uvva.

breast : one breast, milk miluk both breasts milluk The woman’s breasts are full. Aġnam milluk immiqsuk. 2. to breastfeed someone miluktitchi- she is breastfeeding miluktitchiruq 3. to breastfeed miluktit- she is breastfeeding him miluktitkaa The mother is breastfeeding the baby. Iyaalugruaq aanaŋan miluktitkaa. 4. nipple of breast qipmiuraq 5. breast bone -sternum- sakiak, dl. sakirrak, pl. sakiagich The caribou’s breast bone is very delicious because it has some fat on it. Tuttum sakiaŋi kayumiktut takku qaunnaqaqhutiŋ.

breath : aniġniq one breath aniqsaaġniq to breathe aniqsaaq- Breathing is essential to everyone. Aniġniq iñuich atuġaat. He is breathing. Aniqsaagtuq. His breathing can be heard. Aniġniŋa tusraġnaqtuq.

bride : nuliaksraun The bride is happy. Nuliaksraun quviasruktuq.

bridegroom : uiksraun The bridegroom is handsome. Uiksraun iñugiksuq.

bridge : ikautaq -comprised of one piece [as a log], -dl. ikautak, pl. ikautat -a regular bridge which is comprised of many pieces- The bridge collapsed. Ikautat piiyaqtut.

bridle : a bridle qamugviutaq, dl. qamugviutak, pl. qamugviutat The bridle is used on a sled. Qamugviutaq atuqtuq qiḷġiñi.

bright : to be bright, to be glaring qitñaġnaq- it is bright, glaring qitñiaġnaqtuq, dl. qitñaġnaqtuk, pl. qitñaġnaqtut 2. to be bright, to be glowing qaummaġik- it is bright qaummaġiksuq, dl. qaummaġiksuk, pl. qaummaġiksut It is bright today. Qaummaġiksuq uvluvak.

broom : sanŋiyautit or salikuutit Here is the broom. Sanŋiyautit uvva.

broth : imiġaq, dl. imiqqak, pl. imiqqat The fish broth is hot. Qaluum imiġaŋa uunaqtuq.

brother : older brother aniŋauraq my older brother aniŋauraġa, dl. aniŋauraka, pl. aniŋauratka My older brother went hunting caribou. Aniŋauraġa tuttuliaqtuq. 2. younger brother, younger sibling nukatchiaq my younger brother nukatchiaġa , dl. nukatchiaka, pl. nukatchiatka My younger brother is handsome. Nukatchiaġa iñugiksuq.

brow : brow of a hill, also brow of a human qavlunaaq, dl. qavlunaak, pl. qavlunaat The brow is on the face. Qavlunaaq kigiñami ittuq.

bruise : anaġniq or anaqtinniq The bruise on his arm is large. Anaġniq taliani ittuaq aŋiruq.

brush : to brush off snow, to brush or take off snow from mukluks or boots before entering a house tuluktuq- he is brushing the snow off tuluktuqtuq, dl. tuluktuqtuk, pl. tuluktuqtut. Brush the snow off! Tuluktuġutin!

buff-breasted sandpiper : -lit. rough breasted- satqagiiḷaq, dl. satqagiiḷak, pl. satqagiiḷat The buff-breasted sandpiper is a bird with a long bill and spotted stomach. Satqagiiḷaq siyyukpalik tiŋmiuraq, aqiaŋa tuutaulaaq.

build : to build a house tuppi- he is building a house tuppiruq, dl. tuppiruk, pl. tuppirut The man is building a house on the top of a hill. Aŋun tuppiruq ikpium qaaŋanun. 2. to build, to erect nappai- she is building something nappairuq, dl. nappairuk, pl. nappairut The man is building his house. Aŋun nappairuq tupiksraġmiñik.

bull : paŋniq large bull -just matured- nukatagaaġruk, dl. nukatagaaġruuk, pl. nukatagaaġruich This caribou is a large bull. Uvva tuttu nukatagaaġruk. 2. young bull -two to three years old- nukatagauraq, dl. nukatagaurak, pl. nukatagaurat This caribou is a young bull. Uvva tuttu nukatagauraq. 3. one-year-old bull aŋayukłiq dl. aŋayukłik, pl. aŋayukłich The one-year-old bull is smaller than the two-year-old bull. Aŋayukłiq mikitluktuq aŋayukłiaġruich. 4. two-year-old bull aŋayukłiaġruk, dl. aŋayukłiaġruuk, pl. aŋayukłiaġruich The two-year-old bull is smaller than a mature bull. Aŋayukłiaġruk mikitluktuq aŋusralumiñ. 5. three-year-old bull nukatagaq, dl. nukatakkak, pl. nukatakkat This caribou is a three-year-old bull. Uvva tuttu nukatagaq.

bull head, sculpin : kanayuġaq, dl. kanayuqqak, pl. kanayuqqat or -Nv., Sl.- kanayuq, dl. kanayuuk, pl. kanayuich The bull head has a big head. Kanayuġaq niaquqpaqaqtuq.

bumble bee : igutchaq, dl. igutchaak, pl. igutchaich The bumble bee can fly. Igutchaq tiŋmiḷaruq.

bunting : snow bunting amautligauraq, dl. amautligaurak, pl. amautligaurat The snow bunting comes in spring time. Amautligauraq aggiġaqtuq upinġaksrami. or snow bunting amautlikkaq, dl. amautlikkak, pl. amautlikkat The snow bunting is under the tree. Amautlikkaq ittuq napaaqtum ataani..

buoy : puptaqun, dl. puptaqutik, pl. puptaqutit The buoy is used on the net. Puptaqun kuvramun atuġaqtuq.

burn : to burn iki- it is burning, it is being consumed by fire ikiruq, dl. ikiruk, pl. ikirut The house is burning. Ikiruq tupiq. 2. to be burning -of light-; to be on -of electric light- ikuma- it is burning, it is on -of electric light- ikumaruq, dl. ikumaruk, pl. ikumarut The light was on all night long. Ikumaruq naniq unnuavak. 3. a burning place; trash burner; incinerator ikipkaivik, dl. ikipkaiviik, pl. ikipkaiviich There are ashes in the trash barrel. Ikipkaivik aġraqaqtuq. 4. to burn something, e.g. trash ikipkai- He is burning trash. Ikipkairuq suaqłuŋnik.

burp : to burp niksaak- he has burped niksaaktuq, dl. niksaaktuk, pl. niksaaktut The baby has burped. Paipiuraq niksaaktuq. 2. to burp up substance -as of babies- sisugiaq- the baby burped sisugiaqtuq, dl. sisugiaqtuk, pl. sisugiaqtut The baby burped up milk. Paipiuraq sisugiaqtuq miluŋmik.

burst : to burst, to make a small explosion mapqatit- It burst. Mapqatittuq. The balloon burst. Puviġaaq mapqatittuq. 2. to burst into flame ikaullak - it burst into flame ikaullaktuq, dl. ikaullaktuk, pl. ikaullaktut The dry land burst into flames. Ikaullaktuq ikniq pannaġiksaami nunami. 3. she angers easily, she readily blows her top tuqpallayaruq, dl. tuqpallayaruk, pl. tuqpallayarut The woman readily blows her top. Aġnaq tuqpallayaruq.

bury : to bury a dead person, to put in grave iḷuviq- They buried him. Iḷuviġaat. 2. to bury into the ground, to cover with soil, mud sau-, sausri- he is burying something sausriruq The dog is burying the bone. Qipmiq sausriruq sauniġmik. he is burying it saugaa, dl. saugaak, pl. saugaat They buried him in the ground. Saugaat nunamun.

butcher : to butcher, to cut, to perform surgery piḷak- he is butchering something piḷaktuq, dl. piḷaktuk, pl. piḷaktut He is butchering a moose. Piḷaktuq tiniikamik. he is butchering it piḷakkaa, dl. piḷakkaak, pl. piḷakkaat My father is butchering a caribou. Taataa piḷakkaa tuttu.

butterfly : qalukisaq, dl. qalukisak, pl. qalukisat The butterfly is pretty. Qalukisaq piññaqnaqtuq.

buttocks : iqquk, dl. iqquuk, pl. iqquich Buttocks are for sitting. Iqquuk aquppisiginaqtuk.

buy : to buy, to purchase tauqsiq- he is buying or he has bought tauqsiqsuq, dl. tauqsiqsuk, pl. tauqsiqsut The woman has bought some groceries. Aġnaq tauqsiqsuq niqinik. he has bought it tauqsiġaa, dl. tauqsiġaak, pl. tauqsiġaat He has bought the ball. Tauqsiġaa aqsraaq.

by : by means of, with this one, near the speaker, not in motion, visible uumuuna, dl. ukuŋnuuna, pl. ukunuuna I will go home with this person. Uumuuna iñukun aŋiḷaaġisiruŋa. 2. by means of, with that one, visible or specified taavrumuuna Be sure and go with that one. [person] Taavrumuuna aullauraqna. 3. by means of, with these makunuuna It is scary to ride on these. Makunuuna usriaqsiqsuni iqsiñaqtuq.

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