Prepared by Keri Edwards for Goldbelt Heritage Foundation. Project funded by the Administration for Native Americans.
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VERBS |
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hand over:let go of, release him/her/it; leave, desert him/her/it; hand him/her/it over O-ji-S-ø-naak̲~ (ø event) for S to let go, release, relinquish O; for S to leave, desert O; for S to hand over, deliver up O quit, give up (esp. drinking) O-x̲'a-S-ø-naak̲~ (Ø event) for S to quit, give up O (esp. drinking) quit, stop work ji-S-d-naak̲~ (Ø event) for S to quit, stop work |
happen:carry them, take them (plural objects) IX P-dáx̲ yéi O-S-s-neiʰ~ (ga motion) for S to pick up, lift up, take (plural) O (objects) up off of P discipline, restrain, restrict, warn not to do, prevent from doing O-ya-u-S-ø-nei~ (g̲a act) for S to discipline, restrain, restrict, warn or prevent O from doing something get revenge, get even with him/her chush yáa O-S-d-s-neiʰ~ (na event) for S to get revenge, get even with O give, take, hand them to him/her (of plural objects) N jee-t~ yéi O-S-s-neiʰ~ (ø motion) for S to give, take, hand (plural) O to N demonstrate, show how to do it; perform it N wak̲shiyeex' yéi O-S-s-neiʰ~ (na event) for S to demonstrate, perform publicly, show N how to do O by action accident (have an accident); get hurt; happen (something bad to him/her) k̲áakw-t~ O-ø-neiʰ~ (ø motion) for O to have an accident, get hurt; for something bad to happen to O straighten it out; smooth it over wooch yáx̲ O-S-s-neiʰ~ (na event) for S to straighten out O, smooth O over (literal or abstract) finish it yan~ O-S-s-neiʰ~ (ø motion) for S to finish, complete O dressed up yan~ sh S-d-s-neiʰ~ (ø event) for S to dress up ready, complete, finished; permanent yan~ O-ø-neiʰ~ (ø motion) for O to be permanent, happen for good; for O to be finished, complete, ready; for O to be prepared, ready put them down, leave them (plural round, spherical objects) yan~ yéi O-ka-S-s-neiʰ~ (ø motion) for S to put down, leave O (plural round objects) work on it; do it (yéi) O-daa-S-ø-neiʰ~ (na act) for S to do, perform O (a particular action); for S to work on O happen (yéi) at ø-neiʰ (na event) for something to happen fix it; cause that to happen to it; do that to it (yéi) O-S-s-neiʰ~ (na event) for S to do (that) to O; for S to fix, cause (that) to happen to O work; do yéi ji-S-ø-neiʰ~ (na act) for S to work; for S to do happen, occur to him/her/it (yéi) O-ø-neiʰ (na event) for (that) to happen, occur to O |
happen:fall on it (of small, compact object) IX ø-xeex~ (g̲a motion) for an object (usually small, compact) to fall fall, drop through it IX P-náx̲ ka-ø-xeex~ (g̲a motion) for something (usually a round object) to fall, drop through P hit it, fall against it, drop into it (esp. round object) P-t~ ka-ø-xeex~ (ø motion) for something (usually a round , spherical object such as a bullet, ball) to hit, fall against, drop into P blow there (esp. of strong wind) II P-t~ ø-xeex~ (Ø motion) for a strong wind to blow at P fall, drop on it; hit it (of bullet); spread, go around (of rumor or news) P-t~ ø-xeex~ (ø motion) for something to fall or drop on P; for a bullet to hit P; for a rumor, news to spread, go around at P fall around (esp. of object inside container); wobbly VII P-t ø-xeex~ (na motion) for something to fall around at P (esp. inside a container) run (singular subject) II P-t~ S-j-xeex~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to run to P, arrive at P by running move through the sky (sun, moon); fall, drop (of small object) I daak ø-xeex~ (Ø motion) for the sun, moon to come out; for something (esp. a small, compact object) to fall, drop run out of something N jeet~ shu-ø-xeex~ (ø event) for N to run out of something stuck in one's throat; choke N leitóox̲-t~ ø-xeex (Ø motion) for something to be stuck in N's throat; for N to choke on something worry him/her N tóot ø-xeex~ (na event) for something to worry N; for N to have something constantly on the mind run (singular subject) III g̲unéi S-j-xeex~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to begin running rise (of sun or moon) kei ø-xeex~ (ø motion) for the sun, moon to rise run (singular subject) VIII k̲ut S-j-xeex~ (ga motion) for (singular) S to run away end; used up shu-ø-xeex~ (na event) for something to end, come to an end, pass; for something to be used up (of supplies, etc.) run (singular subject) VII P-dé S-j-xeex~ (na motion) for (singular) S to run toward P happen, occur, take place ya-ø-xeex~ (na event) for something to take place, occur, happen set (of sun, moon) yínde ø-xeex~ (na motion) for the sun, moon to set blow (esp. of strong wind) VII ø-xeex~ (na motion) for the wind to blow |
happy:happy, glad N toowú s-góo (ga state) for N to be happy, glad want, like N tuwáa S-s-góo (ga state) for N to want, like, desire S; for S to be pleasing to N unhappy, lonesome tlél O-tu-sh-góo (ga state) for O to be unhappy, lonesome |
hard:harden, cake up ka-ø-t'éex' (ga state) for something to harden, cake up hard (esp. of round object) ka-s-t'éex' (ga state) for something to be hard (esp. of round object) difficult, hard (in abstract) ø-t'éex' (ga state) for something to be hard (abstract), difficult freeze, frozen; harden; solidify d-l-t'éex'~ (ø event) for something to harden, solidify; for something to freeze |
hate:hate him/her/it O-S-sh-k'aan~ (ga state) for S to hate O |
have a turn:polish, rub until shiny N daatx̲ k̲u-ka-S-s-haa~ (na act) for S to polish N; for S to rub N until shiny remind, cause to remember, bring to mind N káa daak O-sa-S-l-haa~ (Ø event; CV́V Hort/Pot) for S to remind O about N garden; dig a-ka-S-ø-haa~ (na act) for S to garden, dig plant it (using spade); dig it O-ka-S-ø-haa~ (na act) for S to plant O crowd, crowded, gather VII P-t~ O-ya-d-haa~ (Ø motion) for O to move in, come around, crowd at P (of large numbers, esp. people, birds) time for it P-t~ k̲u-ø-haa~ (ø motion) for the time to come for P gather it; pick it up; take it up O-ya-S-s-haa~ (ø act; CV́V Imp/Hort/Pot) for S to gather up, pick up, take up O have a turn N ée-t~ k̲u-ø-haa~ (ø motion) for N to have a turn hungry (make him/her hungry) N ée-t~ yaan-->O-S-s-haa~ (Ø motion) for S to make N hungry hungry N ée-t~ yaan ø-haa~ (ø motion) for N to be hungry dig it up kei O-ka-S-ø-haa~ (ø motion) for S to dig O up injure oneself sh tóo a-sha-S-d-l-háa (Ø event) for S to injure oneself obvious; clearly visible tlél ga-u-ø-háa (ga state) for something to be obvious, clearly visible want (often with strong feeling); decide, be decided about, intend to; agree to, be willing to (yéi) O-sa-S-ø-haa~ (na state) for S to want O (a certain way); for S to be decided about O; for S to agree to O |
heal:save him/her/it; heal, cure him/her/it O-S-s-neix̲ (g̲a event) for S to save O; for S to heal, cure O saved, healed, cured, recovered; satisfied O-ø-neix̲~ (g̲a event) for O to be saved; for O to be healed, cured, recover; for O to be satisfied |
heat:warm it up O-S-s-t'aaʰ~ (ø act) for S to warm O (water, etc.) comfort him/her N toowú S-l-t'aaʰ~ (ø act; CV́V Imp/Hort/Pot) for S to comfort N hot, warm (of weather) k̲u-ø-t'aaʰ~ (ø state) for the weather to be warm, hot warm, hot ø-t'aaʰ~ (ø event) for something to be warm, hot hot ya-ø-t'aaʰ~ (ø event) for something to be hot, heated |
held back:delayed, prevented, held back from plans (often due to inclement weather) O-ya-ø-seek~ (ø event) for O to be delayed, prevented, held back from plans (often due to inclement weather) |
