Prepared by Keri Edwards for Goldbelt Heritage Foundation. Project funded by the Administration for Native Americans.
Currently sorted By creation date ascending Sort chronologically: By last update | By creation date
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We’re yawning.: | |
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I’m thirsty.: | |
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You will be constipated.: | |
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I am building/making a canoe: | |
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I am building/making a totem pole.: | |
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I am carving a canoe.: | |
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I am carving a totem pole.: | |
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What clan are you?:OR Daat naax sá isitee? | |
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I am (clan).: | |
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Are you Raven or Eagle?: | |
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I am Raven.:OR Yéil áyá xát. | |
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I am Eagle.:OR Ch'áak' áyá xát. | |
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Don’t wear your hats in school.:(Lit: you won’t wear your hats in school (this is the “prescriptive” use of the future tense). | |
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I will write to you again.: | |
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I’ll type to you again.: | |
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I’ll type to you folks tomorrow.: | |
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email (Lit: electric language): | |
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S/he sent me an email.: | |
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S/he told me through email.: | |
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S/he likes to talk behind people’s backs.: | |
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S/he likes to argue.: | |
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S/he likes to contradict people.: | |
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S/he likes to contradict people (regularly).: | |
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S/he likes to interrupt people.: | |
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I’m delaying your speech/interrupting you.: | |
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Tell him so that he will know.: | |
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S/he said something wrong; S/he spoke against/contrary to something.: | |
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I’m hearing things wrong.: | |
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They’re the same.: | |
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People are equal.: | |
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You are all equal to me.: | |
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Make it all equal (when dishing out food, e.g.).: | |
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Let us all agree.: | |
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Nobody is more important than another.: | |
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I will write to you folks tomorrow.: | |
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It will be good if we are equal.: | |
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We’re all equal.: | |
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It’s good for people to be equal.: | |
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They’re all different.: | |
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We’re all different.: | |
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They’re not together.: | |
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Keep them (objects) separate!: | |
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We weren’t allowed to mix with them.: | |
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They disliked the Tlingit.: | |
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We weren’t welcome.: | |
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White people didn’t welcome us among them.: | |
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We were separated.: | |
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S/he spoke on behalf of us.: | |
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They spoke on behalf of us.: | |
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They worked for our benefit.: | |
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Martin Luther King spoke about how we are all equal.: | |
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He was a casualty of advocating for the people.: | |
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S/he always used to fight on behalf of the Tlingit.: | |
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They let us go (physically).: | |
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The door was opened for us (can be used metaphorically).: | |
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Now, we live however (we want).: | |
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cooperation, working together: | |
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S/he really exerted himself/herself.: | |
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respect for each other: | |
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Thank you for working with me.: | |
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Thank you all for helping us.: | |
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Hats aren’t to be worn inside.: | |
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Take your hat off!: | |
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Shame on you! (General reprimand): | |
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Oh no! / Darn it!:This is an expression used when you've messed up, for example you tried to catch something and missed it, miscounted when weaving, or cut the fish wrong. | |
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Poor thing.:This expression is used if someone is in pain, uncomfortable, or unhappy, and is similar to eesháan. It can also be an expression of endearment. | |
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Stop!; That’s enough!: | |
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Shut up!; Be quiet!: | |
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No more!; All gone!; All done!; That’s all!: | |
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crazy; insane; disturbed; mentally unbalanced: | |
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Wait!: | |
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[profanity]:(Literally "here, here, yuck, here!") This is considered profanity, and is used when someone is really angry at another person. Traditionally, it was accompanied by the gwáatl' (fist with thumb stuck between index and middle finger). They would spit on their fist and then shake it in front of the other person's face and say this. This gesture is said to represent female privates. This is the worst thing one can say in Tlingit. Use with caution! | |
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Nevermind; Forget it; Let it be; That’s OK.:This is an expression of giving up when trying to do something. For example, after repeating something several times and the listener still can't hear, this phrase can be used to mean "nevermind". | |
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I’m going to let it go (metaphorically).: | |
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I will be so happy if I win.: | |
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Good luck!; Have faith!; Keep hoping!:This expression can be used in situations such as wishing someone luck when going to bingo or going hunting, or if someone is sick and needs encouragement. | |
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Have faith and it shall be so.: | |
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We will think good thoughts; We’ll keep faith (for someone to get well, e.g.).: | |
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Cool it!; Calm down!: | |
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Let’s go, we’re gonna make it, we’re gonna do it!:This is the Tlingit interpretation of Obama's slogan "Yes we can!". | |
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I let him take the blame (Lit: I threw it on him).: | |
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Cute!: | |
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Oh no!; Yikes!: | |
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Poor little thing!: | |
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Poor baby!:This expression can be used when a child gets hurt, for example. | |
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maybe, not sure: | |
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I hope I win.: | |
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And the lucky winner is Jenny!: | |
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Maybe I will win.: | |
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S/he has three turns (in the context of playing a game).: | |
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How many (turns) does s/he have (in context of playing a game)?: | |
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I hope to see you soon.: | |
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S/he thinks it’s funny.: | |
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S/he teased him/her.: | |
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Who are your grandparents?: | |
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Who is your mother’s mother?: | |
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My mother’s mother was called (name).: | |
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My grandparent on my mother’s side was called (name).: | |
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my grandmother: | |
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my grandfather: | |
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on my mother's side: | |
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My grandmother on my mother’s side was called (name).: | |
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My grandfather however was called (name).: | |
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My grandmother told me.: | |
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I saw my grandfather today.: | |
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In English it’s called _____.: | |
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I love you.: | |
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I really love you.: | |
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Do you love me?: | |
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You’re my sweetheart.: | |
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You’re my one and only.: | |
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I love you forever: | |
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You broke my heart.: | |
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my boyfriend: | |
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my sweetheart: | |
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my sweetheart: | |
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my girlfriend: | |
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my woman, lady, wife: | |
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my man: | |
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my husband: | |
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He went courting.:(This could refer to the groom-to-be in search of a bride, or to the uncle or father of the bride-to-be.) | |
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I remember it; I’m thinking about it.: | |
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I don’t remember it; I didn’t think of it.: | |
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I remember it; It comes to mind.: | |
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I don’t remember it; It didn’t come to mind.: | |
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I will remember it.: | |
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It slipped my mind.:(Lit: It ran away from my mind.) | |
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It escapes my mind (every time).:(Lit: It runs away from my mind (every time).) | |
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S/he doesn’t know much.: | |
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I don’t have enough money.: | |
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I have enough money (for it).: | |
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I want that five hundred dollars.: | |
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Now I have lots of money!: | |
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I want to go shopping.: | |
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I will buy a new chair for my grandma.: | |
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nothing; zero: | |
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balloon:(Lit: thing which is blown up) | |
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straw:(Lit: thing through which something is sucked up) | |
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modern technology:(Lit: new knowledge) | |
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electricity; electric: | |
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printer:(Lit: electric typewriter) | |
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telephone:(Lit: thing which one talks through) | |
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movie:(Lit: scary thing on the wall) | |
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computer:(Lit: electric brain) | |
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S/he got a tattoo.: | |
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S/he has tattoos all over his/her body.: | |
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sticker: | |
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sticker; stamp: | |
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S/he gave it to him/her to eat; S/he fed it to him/her.: | |
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S/he put a record on (record player); S/he put a CD on.:(Lit: S/he fed it.) | |
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Put it on (record, CD)!:(Lit: Feed it!) | |
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scow (fish-guying barge): | |
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bicycle: | |
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wheelchair: | |
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I treasure it; I am stingy for it:Yaa xshigéi. Note: This verb has both a negative connatation "to be stingy for something" and a positive one "treasure something". The basic meaning is "to not want to part with something". | |
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S/he treasures it; She is stingy for it.: | |
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We treasure it; We are stingy for it.: | |
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Sit up!: | |
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You all sit up!: | |
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Sit down good/right/properly!: | |
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You all sit down good/right/properly!: | |
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Are you pregnant?: | |
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She is pregnant.: | |
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She's not pregnant.: | |
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She's going to have a baby.: | |
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She had a baby.: | |
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It's shrinking.: | |
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Mine is too small now (in reference to an article of clothing).: | |
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We are sad for you all.: | |
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Be strong, hang in there.: | |
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We love you all.: | |
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My tooth is moving around (loose).: | |
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My tooth is going to fall out.: | |
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My tooth fell out.: | |
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My tooth fell out.: | |
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Look, my tooth!: | |
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How many teeth do you have?: | |
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My tooth hurts.: | |
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I am going to the dentist.: | |
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I don't like going to the dentist.:OR Tlél ax tuwáa ushgú kaa oox yéi daanéiyi xán xagoodí. | |
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I got a sticker from the dentist.: | |
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dentures:áx kei saxíxji kaa ooxú kaa ooxú | |
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baby teeth: | |
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adult teeth:(Lit: real teeth) OR yan wáat oox | |
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tooth fairy: | |
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Put your tooth underneath your pillow!: | |
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How much money did the tooth fairy give you?: | |
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How much (money) did you find under your pillow?: | |
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Poor thing! Your tooth fell out!:Note: The elders say that traditionally, nothing special was said or done when a child lost a tooth, but one elder gave this phrase, which her grandmother used to say to her when she lost a tooth. | |
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Thank you very much.:OR Gunalchéesh tlein. OR Gunalchéesh hó hó. | |
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Thanksgiving day: | |
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I feel very thankful.: | |
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I am thankful for you.: | |
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I feel thankful for my children.: | |
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my family: | |
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my whole family: | |
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I am grateful; I am thankful.: | |
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I am grateful for my family this Thanksgiving day.: | |
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You make me happy.: | |
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I am grateful that we are together.: | |
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I am very thankful that we are family.: | |
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We are gathered together.: | |
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What’s the date?: | |
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What day (of the week) is it?: | |
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You don’t dance (to this song).: | |
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Where are you going to travel to?: | |
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When is s/he coming/traveling back?: | |
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story of the water cycle: | |
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things concerning water: | |
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ice: | |
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slush , wet snow: | |
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It’s slushing; It’s snowing wet snow.: | |
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water: | |
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steam, vapor: | |
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avalanche: | |
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snowflakes (esp. big ones):(Lit: grouse droppings) | |
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It’s frozen.: | |
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It’s still frozen.: | |
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It’s not frozen.: | |
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It’s freezing.: | |
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It’s going to freeze.: | |
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It’s not going to freeze.: | |
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It freezes (every time).:OR Tlél ult'éex'ch. | |
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It hasn’t frozen yet.:OR Tlél ult'éex'ch yeisú. | |
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It freezes (regularly).: | |
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It’s melting.: | |
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It melted.: | |
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It didn’t melt.: | |
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It’s going to melt.: | |
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It’s not going to melt.: | |
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It melts (regularly).: | |
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It doesn’t melt.: | |
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It hasn’t melted yet.: | |
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Melt the snow!: | |
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It’s going to go dry, drain out, evaporate.: | |
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It went dry, drained out, evaporated.: | |
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It’s going dry, draining out, evaporating.: | |
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It's none of your business.: | |
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abandon:abandon, desert, leave; throw away, dispose of, get rid of O-S-l-tl'eet~ (na act) for S to abandon, desert, leave O; for S to throw away, dispose of, get rid of O |
abstain:superstitious; abstain, refrain from, keep from doing (usually for ceremonial or religious reasons, esp. of Lent) at S-l-g̲aas (ga state) for S to be superstitious; for S to abstain, refrain from, keep from doing (usually for ceremonial or religious reasons, esp. of Lent) forbidden, taboo li-g̲aas (ga state) for something to be forbidden, taboo, not allowed by custom |
accomplish:win, gain, get, obtain it; acquire it; succeed, accomplish it; defeat him/her/it O-ya-S-ø-dlaak̲~ (na event) for S to gain, get, obtain, acquire O; for S to succeed, accomplish O; for S to defeat, beat O |
address:address as, call by certain relationship term and thus adopt that relationship (yéi) N yát~ x̲'a-S-d-l-yoo~ (Ø motion) for S to address, call N by certain relationship term and thus adopt that relationship |
admire:admire, think highly of, respect; treasure, value N yáa O-li-k̲'éi (ga state) for N to admire, think highly of, respect O; for N to treasure, value O |
advance:boil it O-S-l-.ook~ (ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to boil O (esp. water) boil d-l-.óok~ (ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for something to boil |
advise:instruct, show him/her; advise, cousel him/her O-shu-ka-S-ø-jaaʰ~ (ø act; CV́V Imp/Hort/Pot) for S to instruct, show O (by word); for S to advise, give advice to, counsel O |
afraid:afraid of it, fear it P-x' a-ka-u-S-d-l-x̲éitl' (ga state) for S to be afraid of, fear P |
age:old O-d-shaan~ (ø event) for O to show signs of old age (esp. grey hair), for O to become old, age |
age:spoil, age, rot l-s'eex~ (ø event) for animal matter to age, spoil to stage where still firm, but smelly |
amuse:entertain, amuse oneself; play quietly (of children) k̲u-S-d-s-.ook' (na act) for S to entertain, amuse oneself; for S to play quietly |
anchor:carry it on one's back; pack it on one's back O-S-ø-yaa~ (ga event) for S to carry O on back; for S to pack O anchor it (boat) O-sha-S-s-yaa~ (na event) for S to anchor O (boat) carry things on one's back; pack things at S-ø-yaa~ (ga event) for S to carry things on back; for S to pack things spread it out; unfold it P-x̲ O-ka-S-ø-yaa~ (g̲a motion) for S to spread out, unfold, lay out (singular) O along P anchor (a boat) sha-S-d-s-yaa~ (na event) for S to anchor, lower anchor |
angry:live (at a place) k̲u-S-ø-.oo~ (na state) for S to live, live at, dwell permanently put them, leave them there P-x' yéi O-S-ø-.oo (na event) for S to put, leave (plural) O at P pregnant, have a baby atk'átsk'u/yát(k') O-S-ø-.oo (na event) for S to have O (baby), be pregnant with O (baby) own, possess, have O-S-ø-.oo (na state) for S to own, possess, have O forgive, excuse him/her ch'a aadé yéi O-S-ø-.oo (na event) for S to forgive, excuse O dress him/her/it N náa yéi sha-S-ø-.oo (na act) for S to dress N frustrate him/her N toowú x̲'ool yáx̲ O-S-ø-.oo (na state; CV́V Imperfective) for S to frustrate N get dressed náa(x') yéi sha-S-d-.oo (na act) for S to get dressed angry, mean x'áan a-S-ø-.oo (na state; CV́V Imperfective) for S to be angry, mean wear it; use it yéi O-S-ø-.oo (na state) for S to wear, put on, dress in O; for S to use O |
answer:answer, reply to a greeting or to one's name a-S-d-.ei (na act) for S to answer, reply to a greeting or to one's name |
anxiety:bother, trouble him/her; cause him/her anxiety O-ka-S-ø-xéel'~ (ø event; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for S to bother, trouble, cause trouble or anxiety for O |
anxious:wonder about it; curious, anxious about it O-ka-S-ø-jeek (na act) for S to wonder, be curious, anxious about O |
appoint:appoint, choose for a certain position (plural object) I a tóo daak O-S-s-.aat~ (Ø motion) for S to appoint (plural) O, choose O for a certain position lead them yaa O-shu-S-ø-.aat~ (ga event) for S to lead (plural) O (especially by walking ahead) go on foot (plural subject) II P-t~ S-ø-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to walk, go (by walking or as a general term) to P walking, going along there (of plural subjects) P-x̲ yaa S-ø-.aat~ (ga motion) for (plural) S to be walking, going (by foot or as general term) along P (basically plural; see goot for singular) go on foot (plural subject) IX P-x̲ S-ø-.aat~ (g̲a motion) for (plural) S to walk, go (by walking or as a general term) down along P go on foot (plural subject) V N jikaadáx̲ ya-u-S-ø-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to get out of N's way go on foot (plural subject) III gági S-ø-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to emerge, walk out into the open go to the bathroom (plural subject) VII gánde S-ø-.aat~ (na motion) for (plural) S to go to the bathroom go on foot (plural subject) VI a-ya-u-S-d-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to turn back, go back (by walking or as general term) go on foot (plural subject) VII P-dé S-ø-.aat~ (na motion) for (plural) S to walk, go (by walking or as a general term) to P go on foot (plural subject) I kei S-ø-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to walk up, go up (by walking or as a general term) attack someone ji-S-d-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to attack, assault, fall upon go on foot (plural subject) VIII k̲ut S-ø-.aat~ (ga motion) for (plural) S to get lost (on foot) go back (plural subject) I k̲ux̲~ S-d-.aat~ (Ø motion) for (plural) S to go back, return let in (esp. animal); welcome in, receive (plural object) II neil~ O-S-s-.aat~ (Ø motion) for S to let in, welcome in (plural) O gather together, assemble, congregate (esp. for meetings) woosh kaanáx̲ S-d-.aat~ (ga event) for (plural) S to assemble, congregate, gather together (for meetings) gather, assemble, congregate (esp. for meetings) II woosh x̲oo-t~ S-d-.aat~ (ø motion) for S to assemble, congregate, gather together (for meetings) bend over, lean down (plural subject) yínde sh ka-S-l-.aat~ (na motion) for (plural) S to bend over, lean down |
appoint:follow him/her/it (singular subject) IX N ítx̲ yaa S-ø-goot~ (ga motion) for (singular) S to follow N (on foot) appoint, choose for a certain position (singular object) I a tóo daak O-S-s-goot~ (Ø motion) for S to appoint (singular) O, choose O for a certain position go on foot (singular subject) II P-t~ S-ø-goot~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to arrive at P, go to P (by walking or as general term) go on foot (singular subject) IX P-x̲ S-ø-goot~ (g̲a motion) for (singular) S to walk, go (by walking or as a general term) down along P go on foot (singular subject) V N jikaadáx̲ ya-u-S-ø-goot~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to get out of N's way go on foot (singular subject) VI a-ya-u-S-d-goot~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to turn back, go back (by walking or as general term) go on foot (singular subject) III gági S-ø-goot~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to emerge, walk out into the open go to the bathroom (singular subject) VII gánde S-ø-goot~ (na motion) for (singular) S to go to the bathroom go on foot (singular subject) I kei S-ø-goot~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to walk, go up (by walking or as general term) go on foot (singular subject) VIII k̲ut S-ø-goot~ (ga motion) for (singular) S to get lost (on foot) go back (singular subject) I k̲ux̲~ S-d-goot~ (Ø motion) for (singular) S to go back, return let in (esp. animal); welcome in, receive (singular object) II neil~ O-S-s-goot~ (Ø motion) for S to let in, welcome in (singular) O go on foot (singular subject) VII P-dé S-ø-goot~ (na motion) for (singular) S to walk, go (by walking or as general term) away from P |
argue:write it; draw it; paint it; take a photograph of it; x-ray it O-ka-S-sh-xeet~ (ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to write, draw, or paint a picture of O; for S to print O by hand; for S to photograph, take pictures, X-rays of O argue, quarrel N een woosh x̲'a-S-d-xéet (na act) for S to argue, quarrel with N write; draw; paint; take a photograph ka-S-d-sh-xeet~ (ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to write, draw, or paint; for S to take a photograph |
ask:instruct him/her; give him/her orders to do áa O-ji-ka-(u)-S-ø-k̲aa~ (na event) for S to instruct, give O orders (to do) send him/her on a mission, errand O-ka-(u)-S-ø-k̲aa~ (na event) for S to send O (esp. on a mission or errand, or to deliver a message) confess, acknowledge, declare; charge, set the price, charge for (N éede) O-ya-S-s-k̲aa~ (na act) for S to charge (N) for O; for S to set the price of O; for S to confess, acknowledge, or delcare O insult him/her, offend him/her by what one says sh tugéit O-ya-S-d-s-k̲aa~ (Ø event) for S to insult, offend O by what one says tell him/her (a certain thing) (yéi) O-daa-ya-S-ø-k̲á (act) for S to tell O (a certain thing) say (a certain thing); confess, acknowledge, declare (a certain thing) (yéi) ya-S-ø-k̲aa~ (na act) for S to say (a certain thing); for S to confess, acknowledge, declare (a certain thing) tell, say to him/her; ask him/her to do (yóo) O-ya-S-s-k̲aa~ (na event) for S to tell, say (that) to O; for S to ask O to do (that) |
ask:ask him/her, question him/her O-x̲'a-S-ø-wóos' (na act) for S to ask, question O |
assault:beat him/her up; assault him/her; attack him/her O-S-ø-jáak̲w (na act) for S to beat up, assault, violently attack O |
astonished:roll it (log, barrel, etc.) O-ka-S-l-gwáatl~ (na motion) for S to roll O (log, barrel, etc.) bend limb (arm, leg); fold up (paper, etc.) in loose roll O-ka-S-l-gwaatl~ (Ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to bend O (limb); for S to fold up O (paper, etc.) in a loose roll roll (of spherical object) P-t~ ka-ø-gwáatl~ (ø motion) for a spherical object to roll to P astonished, flabbergasted, be left open-mouthed O-k̲'a-d-gwáatl~ (Ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for O to be astonished, flabbergasted, left open-mouthed capsize, overturn (of canoe, boat) III áa yax̲ ø-gwáatl~ (Ø motion) for a boat to capsize, overturn rock, roll it (canoe, boat) P-t O-ka-ka-S-l-gwáatl~ (na motion) for S to rock, roll O (boat) at P rock, roll (of canoe, boat) P-t ka-ka-ø-gwáatl~ (na motion) for a canoe, boat to rock, roll around |
attack:appoint, choose for a certain position (plural object) I a tóo daak O-S-s-.aat~ (Ø motion) for S to appoint (plural) O, choose O for a certain position lead them yaa O-shu-S-ø-.aat~ (ga event) for S to lead (plural) O (especially by walking ahead) go on foot (plural subject) II P-t~ S-ø-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to walk, go (by walking or as a general term) to P walking, going along there (of plural subjects) P-x̲ yaa S-ø-.aat~ (ga motion) for (plural) S to be walking, going (by foot or as general term) along P (basically plural; see goot for singular) go on foot (plural subject) IX P-x̲ S-ø-.aat~ (g̲a motion) for (plural) S to walk, go (by walking or as a general term) down along P go on foot (plural subject) V N jikaadáx̲ ya-u-S-ø-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to get out of N's way go on foot (plural subject) III gági S-ø-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to emerge, walk out into the open go to the bathroom (plural subject) VII gánde S-ø-.aat~ (na motion) for (plural) S to go to the bathroom go on foot (plural subject) VI a-ya-u-S-d-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to turn back, go back (by walking or as general term) go on foot (plural subject) VII P-dé S-ø-.aat~ (na motion) for (plural) S to walk, go (by walking or as a general term) to P go on foot (plural subject) I kei S-ø-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to walk up, go up (by walking or as a general term) attack someone ji-S-d-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to attack, assault, fall upon go on foot (plural subject) VIII k̲ut S-ø-.aat~ (ga motion) for (plural) S to get lost (on foot) go back (plural subject) I k̲ux̲~ S-d-.aat~ (Ø motion) for (plural) S to go back, return let in (esp. animal); welcome in, receive (plural object) II neil~ O-S-s-.aat~ (Ø motion) for S to let in, welcome in (plural) O gather together, assemble, congregate (esp. for meetings) woosh kaanáx̲ S-d-.aat~ (ga event) for (plural) S to assemble, congregate, gather together (for meetings) gather, assemble, congregate (esp. for meetings) II woosh x̲oo-t~ S-d-.aat~ (ø motion) for S to assemble, congregate, gather together (for meetings) bend over, lean down (plural subject) yínde sh ka-S-l-.aat~ (na motion) for (plural) S to bend over, lean down |
attack:beat him/her up; assault him/her; attack him/her O-S-ø-jáak̲w (na act) for S to beat up, assault, violently attack O |
awake:keep him/her awake O-S-s-x̲eik̲~ (ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to keep O awake |
bad-mouth:tease, joke about (esp. particular tribal relations, such as paternal uncle); bad-mouth him/her O-S-ø-xwéi (na act) for S to tease, joke about O (esp. particular tribal relations, such as paternal uncle); for S to bad-mouth O |
bait hooks:bait hooks (put bait on fish hooks) ya-S-d-náak̲w~ (ø act) for S to bait hooks, put bait on fish hooks |
bandage:bandage it, bind it up, wrap it O-ka-S-ø-s'eet~ (ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to bind up, wrap around, bandage O |
baptize:carry it, take it (general, often compact object) IX P-dáx̲ O-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ga motion) for S to pick O up off of P carry it, take it (general, often compact object) VII P-dé O-S-ø-teeʰ~ (na motion) for S to carry, take O (general, often compact object) to P anticipate, forsee; expect, consider likely to happen or arrive O-shu-S-s-teeʰ~ (na state) for S to anticipate, forsee, expect O; for S to consider O likely to happen or arrive postpone it O-shu-ka-S-ø-teeʰ~ (na event) for S to postpone O expect him/her/it; anticipate it O-shu-S-s-teeʰ~ (na state) for S to anticipate, foresee O; for S to expect, consider O likely to happen or arrive carry it, take it (solid, complex object) VII P-dé O-S-s-teeʰ~ (na motion) for S to carry, take O (solid, often complex object) to P carry it, take it (solid, complex object) IX O-S-s-teeʰ~ (ga motion) for S to carry, take O (solid, often complex object) install it there, hang it there P-x̲ O-S-ø-teeʰ~ (g̲a motion) for S to install, hang, place O at P hang it up there (esp. to dry) P-x̲ O-sha-ya-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to hang up O at P (esp. to dry) stormy, rough (of weather) a-ya-d-teeʰ~ (g̲a event) for the weather to be stormy, rough give, take, hand it to him/her (round, spherical object) N jee-t~ O-ka-S-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to give, take, hand O (round object) to N blame it on him/her; bring it (shame, joy) onto him/her P-t~ O-shu-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to bring O (abstract, esp. shame, blame, joy) onto P feed it to him/her/it; give it to him/her/it to eat N x̲'éix̲ O-S-ø-teeʰ~ (na event) for S to feed O to N; for S to give O to N to eat feed him/her/it N x̲'éix̲ at S-ø-teeʰ~ (na event) for S to feed N, give food to N (for immediate consumption) baptize him/her héen-t~ O-ya-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to baptize, immerse (singular) O in water or pour water upon O as a religious rite put it on (shirt, dress, etc.) káx̲ O-S-d-teeʰ~ (g̲a event) for S to put on O (shirt, dress, etc.) bring it out, unearth it; pick it up (general, often compact object) kei O-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ø motion) or S to bring out, unearth O (general, often compact object)(esp. from a box or other container or place which O is kept); for S to pick up, lift up O put it down, leave it (round, spherical object) yan O-ka-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to put down, lay down, leave, place O (round object) put it down (solid, often complex object) yan O-S-s-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to put down, lay down, leave, place O (solid, often complex object) |
barbecue:barbecue it; broil it O-S-l-tseek~ (ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to broil O slowly, cook O directly over live coals, barbecue |
bark:bark (of dog) (esp. begin barking) a-S-ø-shaa~ (ga act) for S (dog) to bark (esp. begin barking) bark (of dog) a-S-ø-shaa~ (Ø act) for S (dog) to bark bark at him/her/it (of dog) O-ya-S-l-shaa~ (na act) for S (dog) to bark at O bark at him/her/it (of dog) (esp. begin barking) O-ya-S-l-shaa~ (ga act) for S (dog) to bark at O (esp. begin barking) |
bath:wash it O-S-ø-.óos'~ (na act) for S to wash O wash it (surface of pot, table, etc.) O-ka-S-ø-.óos'~ (na act) for S to wash O (usually surface of pot, table, etc.) wash (often meat or feet) O-S-l-.óos'~ (na act) for S to wash O (often meat or feet) bath (take a bath) daa S-d-.óos'~ (na act) for S to take a bath wash hair sha-S-d-.óos'~ (na act) for S to wash hair |
bathe:bathe oneself S-d-shooch~ (ø act) for S to bathe, take a bath |
be:care about it; think about it, consider it; have an opinion about it N daa O-tu-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to care about N; for O to think about, consider N; for O to have an opinion about N need, lack, require it N eetéenáx̲ O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to need, lack, require N like, similar to him/her/it N yáx̲ O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be like, similar to N busy N daat át k̲u-d-s-teeʰ~ (g̲a state) for N to be busy, occupied with things appear before him/her; apparent to him/her N wak̲shiyeex' yéi O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to appear to N; for O to be apparent to N born; exist; live O-k̲u-d-s-teeʰ~ (g̲a state) for O to be, be in existence, live; for O to be born grateful, thankful, satisfied sh tóog̲aa O-d-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be grateful, thankful, satisfied still, quiet; stop functioning tleiyéi yéi O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be still, quiet; for O to stop (car, clock, e.g.) be (for the weather to be a certain way) (yéi) k̲u-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for the weather to be (that way) feel like doing, want to do; feel that way (yéi) O-tu-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to want to do, feel like doing (that); for O to feel a certain way be (a certain way) (yéi) O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be (that way) be, stay, remain there; live, dwell there N-x' yéi O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be, stay, remain at N; for O to dwell, live at N be, become P-x̲ O-s-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be P (a member of a group); for O to become P |
beat:beat it; ring it; stab it O-S-ø-gwaal~ (ga act) for S to beat O (esp. drum), ring (bell); for S to stab O hit him/her/it in the face; punch him/her O-ya-S-ø-gwaal~ (ø event) for S to hit O in the face (with fist), punch O ring (telephone or bell) sh da-gwaal~ (ø act) for a telephone or bell to ring |
beat up:beat him/her up; assault him/her; attack him/her O-S-ø-jáak̲w (na act) for S to beat up, assault, violently attack O |
bed:put him/her to bed (singular) O-S-s-taaʰ~ (na event) for S to put (singular) O to bed sleep (singular subject) S-ø-taaʰ~ (na act) for (singular) S to sleep, sleep alone |
bed:put them to bed (plural) O-S-s-x̲éix'w~ (na event) for S to put (plural) O to bed sleep (plural subjects) S-ø-x̲éix'w~ (na act) for (plural) S to sleep, sleep in company with others, go to bed |
believe:believe him/her; trust him/her N éek' a-S-ø-heen (ga state) for S to believe, trust, believe in N trust oneself, have confidence in oneself sh tóok' a-S-d-heen (na state) for S to trust oneself, have confidence in oneself |
bend:roll it (log, barrel, etc.) O-ka-S-l-gwáatl~ (na motion) for S to roll O (log, barrel, etc.) bend limb (arm, leg); fold up (paper, etc.) in loose roll O-ka-S-l-gwaatl~ (Ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to bend O (limb); for S to fold up O (paper, etc.) in a loose roll roll (of spherical object) P-t~ ka-ø-gwáatl~ (ø motion) for a spherical object to roll to P astonished, flabbergasted, be left open-mouthed O-k̲'a-d-gwáatl~ (Ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for O to be astonished, flabbergasted, left open-mouthed capsize, overturn (of canoe, boat) III áa yax̲ ø-gwáatl~ (Ø motion) for a boat to capsize, overturn rock, roll it (canoe, boat) P-t O-ka-ka-S-l-gwáatl~ (na motion) for S to rock, roll O (boat) at P rock, roll (of canoe, boat) P-t ka-ka-ø-gwáatl~ (na motion) for a canoe, boat to rock, roll around |
bend:think over, consider, make up one's mind about (singular subject) N daa yoo tu-S-ø-taan~ (ø act) for (singular) S to think over, consider, make up one's mind about N change one's mind; think it over and reconsider, be converted (singular subject) N daatx̲ k̲ux̲ tu-S-d-taan~ (Ø motion) for (singular) S to change mind about N; for (singular) S to think over and reconsider N wash over it (of waves) V N kanax̲ ji-ya-s-taan~ (Ø motion; CV́C Hort/Pot) for waves to wash over N cover it (esp. pot) with something at S-ø-taan~ (g̲a event) for S to cover (esp. pot, etc.), put on lid carry it, take it (container or hollow object) VIII O-S-ø-taan~ (ga motion) for S to carry, take O (usually a container or hollow object) bend it (long, simple object) O-ka-S-taan~ (na event) for S to bend O (usually long, simple object) over like to do it; in the habit of doing it O-ka-u-S-sh-tán (ga state) for S to be in habit of doing O; for S to do O frequently because S enjoys doing it carry it, take it (container or hollow object) II P-t~ O-S-ø-taan~ (ø motion) for S to carry, take O (usually a hollow object) to P extend to it; end there P-t shu-ka-ø-tán (position) for something to extend to, end at P sit there (of container or hollow object) P-t ø-tán (position) for a container or hollow object to sit at P precipitate (rain, snow, etc) daak s-taan~ (ø event) for rain, snow to fall speak, talk to him/her (singular subject) N ée-t~ x̲'a-S-ø-taan~ (ø motion) for S to speak, talk to N call him/her on the phone VII N jeedé x̲'a-S-d-taan~ (na motion) for (singular) S to call N on telephone give, take, hand it to him/her (long, complex object) N jee-t~ O-S-s-taan~ (ø motion) for S to give, take, hand O (usually long, complex object) to N call him/her on the phone II N jee-t~ x̲'a-S-d-taan~ (ø motion) for S to call N on telephone put trust in, rely on, have faith in N káa yan tu-S-ø-taan~ (Ø motion) for S to put trust in, rely on, have faith in N rough (of ocean) ji-s-taan~ (na event) for the ocean to be rough bring it out, unearth it; pick it up (usually long, complex object) kei O-S-s-taan~ (ø motion) for S to bring out, unearth O (usually long, complex object)(esp. from a box or other container or place which O is kept); for S to pick up, lift up O raise one's hand I kei ji-S-s-taan~ (Ø motion) for S to raise a hand speak, talk, make speech (singular subject) x̲'a-S-d-taan~ (na event) for (singular) S to speak, talk, make a speech put it down (small, stick-like object) yan O-ka-S-s-taan~ (ø motion) for S to put down, lay down, leave, place O (usually quite small, stick-like object) put it down, leave it (long, complex object) yan O-S-s-taan~ (ø motion) for S to put down, lay down, leave, place O (usually long, complex object) hit, reach the beach (of waves) yan ji-s-taan~ (Ø motion) for waves to hit, reach the beach lower one's hand yan~ ji-S-s-taan~ (Ø motion) for S to lower a hand stop speaking, stop talking (singular subject) II yan~ x̲'a-S-d-taan~ (Ø motion) for (singular) S to stop talking bent yóo ka-ø-tán (position) for something to be bent speak to, talk to (singular subject) yoo x̲'a-S-ø-taan~ (ø act) for (singular) S to speak to, talk to bend over, lean down (singular subject) yínde sh ka-S-d-taan~ (na motion) for (singular) S to bend over, lean down decide, make up one's mind; feel, think (a certain way) (yéi) tu-S-d-taan~ (na event) for (singular) S to decide, make up one's mind (that way) |
big:big, many (yéi) k-u-ya-geiʰ~ (na state) for a thing to be (so) big; for things to be (so) many big (that big, of plural things) (yéi) + ka-u-d-geiʰ~ (na state) for (plural) things to be (so) big |
big:big (of singular, spherical object) ka-ø-gei~ (na state) for a singular, usually spherical object to be big tall, big O-l-gei~ (na state) for O (esp. live creature or building) to be big, tall many, plenty, lots (of solid mass or abstracts) ø-gei~ (na state) for a solid mass or abstracts to be plentiful, be lots, many small (of grain-like objects) (yéi) ka-u-d-s-gei~ (ga state) for grain-like objects to be small |
big:big around (that big around, in girth) (yéi) ka-u-d-tlaaʰ~ (na state) for something to be (so) big around, in girth |
bind:bandage it, bind it up, wrap it O-ka-S-ø-s'eet~ (ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to bind up, wrap around, bandage O |
bite:bite him/her/it (insect) O-s-táax'~ (ga event) for an insect to bite O |
bite:bite him/her/it; carry it in one's mouth (of animal) O-S-ø-yeek̲~ (ga event) for S to bite O; for S to carry O in mouth (of animal) |
bitter:bitter, spicy O-s-.áax'w (ga state) for O to be bitter; for O to be spicy hot |
blame:carry it, take it (general, often compact object) IX P-dáx̲ O-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ga motion) for S to pick O up off of P carry it, take it (general, often compact object) VII P-dé O-S-ø-teeʰ~ (na motion) for S to carry, take O (general, often compact object) to P anticipate, forsee; expect, consider likely to happen or arrive O-shu-S-s-teeʰ~ (na state) for S to anticipate, forsee, expect O; for S to consider O likely to happen or arrive postpone it O-shu-ka-S-ø-teeʰ~ (na event) for S to postpone O expect him/her/it; anticipate it O-shu-S-s-teeʰ~ (na state) for S to anticipate, foresee O; for S to expect, consider O likely to happen or arrive carry it, take it (solid, complex object) VII P-dé O-S-s-teeʰ~ (na motion) for S to carry, take O (solid, often complex object) to P carry it, take it (solid, complex object) IX O-S-s-teeʰ~ (ga motion) for S to carry, take O (solid, often complex object) install it there, hang it there P-x̲ O-S-ø-teeʰ~ (g̲a motion) for S to install, hang, place O at P hang it up there (esp. to dry) P-x̲ O-sha-ya-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to hang up O at P (esp. to dry) stormy, rough (of weather) a-ya-d-teeʰ~ (g̲a event) for the weather to be stormy, rough give, take, hand it to him/her (round, spherical object) N jee-t~ O-ka-S-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to give, take, hand O (round object) to N blame it on him/her; bring it (shame, joy) onto him/her P-t~ O-shu-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to bring O (abstract, esp. shame, blame, joy) onto P feed it to him/her/it; give it to him/her/it to eat N x̲'éix̲ O-S-ø-teeʰ~ (na event) for S to feed O to N; for S to give O to N to eat feed him/her/it N x̲'éix̲ at S-ø-teeʰ~ (na event) for S to feed N, give food to N (for immediate consumption) baptize him/her héen-t~ O-ya-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to baptize, immerse (singular) O in water or pour water upon O as a religious rite put it on (shirt, dress, etc.) káx̲ O-S-d-teeʰ~ (g̲a event) for S to put on O (shirt, dress, etc.) bring it out, unearth it; pick it up (general, often compact object) kei O-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ø motion) or S to bring out, unearth O (general, often compact object)(esp. from a box or other container or place which O is kept); for S to pick up, lift up O put it down, leave it (round, spherical object) yan O-ka-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to put down, lay down, leave, place O (round object) put it down (solid, often complex object) yan O-S-s-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to put down, lay down, leave, place O (solid, often complex object) |
bleed:flow there; flood it (of tide) P-náx̲ ya-ø-daa~ (ø motion) for water, the tide to flow through P; for water, the tide to flood P rise, come in (of tide) daak̲ ø-daa~ (ø motion) for the tide to rise, come in flow (water, blood); run (of nose) VII ka-ø-daa~ (na motion) for water, blood to flow; for a nose to run rise (of water level, tide) kei ø-daa~ (ø motion) for water level, tide to rise bleed, run (of nose) shí N lóot~ ø-daa~ (Ø motion) for N's nose to bleed rise (of water level); flow (of water) II P-t~ ka-ø-daa~ (Ø motion) for water to flow, rise to P |
blessed:lucky, blessed O-li-x̲éitl (ga state) for O to be blessed, be lucky |
blow:blow nose S-d-naal~ (Ø act) for S to blow one's nose |
blow:blow up, inflate O-ka-S-ø-.oox~ (Ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to blow up, inflate O blow on it O-S-l-.óox (ga act) for S to blow on O blow out (light) O-ya-ka-S-l-.óox (ga event) for S to blow O (light, candle, match, etc.) out |
blow:blown (be blown by wind) VII P-t ka-l-s'ées~ (na motion) for an object to be blown around in the wind at P blow around; sail P-t O-l-s'ees~ (na motion) for O to be blown around at P (by wind), to sail |
blow:fall on it (of small, compact object) IX ø-xeex~ (g̲a motion) for an object (usually small, compact) to fall fall, drop through it IX P-náx̲ ka-ø-xeex~ (g̲a motion) for something (usually a round object) to fall, drop through P hit it, fall against it, drop into it (esp. round object) P-t~ ka-ø-xeex~ (ø motion) for something (usually a round , spherical object such as a bullet, ball) to hit, fall against, drop into P blow there (esp. of strong wind) II P-t~ ø-xeex~ (Ø motion) for a strong wind to blow at P fall, drop on it; hit it (of bullet); spread, go around (of rumor or news) P-t~ ø-xeex~ (ø motion) for something to fall or drop on P; for a bullet to hit P; for a rumor, news to spread, go around at P fall around (esp. of object inside container); wobbly VII P-t ø-xeex~ (na motion) for something to fall around at P (esp. inside a container) run (singular subject) II P-t~ S-j-xeex~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to run to P, arrive at P by running move through the sky (sun, moon); fall, drop (of small object) I daak ø-xeex~ (Ø motion) for the sun, moon to come out; for something (esp. a small, compact object) to fall, drop run out of something N jeet~ shu-ø-xeex~ (ø event) for N to run out of something stuck in one's throat; choke N leitóox̲-t~ ø-xeex (Ø motion) for something to be stuck in N's throat; for N to choke on something worry him/her N tóot ø-xeex~ (na event) for something to worry N; for N to have something constantly on the mind run (singular subject) III g̲unéi S-j-xeex~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to begin running rise (of sun or moon) kei ø-xeex~ (ø motion) for the sun, moon to rise run (singular subject) VIII k̲ut S-j-xeex~ (ga motion) for (singular) S to run away end; used up shu-ø-xeex~ (na event) for something to end, come to an end, pass; for something to be used up (of supplies, etc.) run (singular subject) VII P-dé S-j-xeex~ (na motion) for (singular) S to run toward P happen, occur, take place ya-ø-xeex~ (na event) for something to take place, occur, happen set (of sun, moon) yínde ø-xeex~ (na motion) for the sun, moon to set blow (esp. of strong wind) VII ø-xeex~ (na motion) for the wind to blow |
blow up:blow up, inflate O-ka-S-ø-.oox~ (Ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to blow up, inflate O blow on it O-S-l-.óox (ga act) for S to blow on O blow out (light) O-ya-ka-S-l-.óox (ga event) for S to blow O (light, candle, match, etc.) out |
blow up:explode, blow up kei sh-tóok~ (ø event) for something to explode, blow up |
blunt:dull, blunt ya-d-g̲éel~ (ø event) for an edge to be blunt, dull |
boil:boil it O-S-l-.ook~ (ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to boil O (esp. water) boil d-l-.óok~ (ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for something to boil |
boil:boil fish O-S-sh-.óotl~ (Ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to boil O (fish) |
boil:steam it; boil it O-S-s-taaʰ~ (ø act) for S to boil, steam O (food, esp. meat) |
born:care about it; think about it, consider it; have an opinion about it N daa O-tu-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to care about N; for O to think about, consider N; for O to have an opinion about N need, lack, require it N eetéenáx̲ O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to need, lack, require N like, similar to him/her/it N yáx̲ O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be like, similar to N busy N daat át k̲u-d-s-teeʰ~ (g̲a state) for N to be busy, occupied with things appear before him/her; apparent to him/her N wak̲shiyeex' yéi O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to appear to N; for O to be apparent to N born; exist; live O-k̲u-d-s-teeʰ~ (g̲a state) for O to be, be in existence, live; for O to be born grateful, thankful, satisfied sh tóog̲aa O-d-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be grateful, thankful, satisfied still, quiet; stop functioning tleiyéi yéi O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be still, quiet; for O to stop (car, clock, e.g.) be (for the weather to be a certain way) (yéi) k̲u-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for the weather to be (that way) feel like doing, want to do; feel that way (yéi) O-tu-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to want to do, feel like doing (that); for O to feel a certain way be (a certain way) (yéi) O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be (that way) be, stay, remain there; live, dwell there N-x' yéi O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be, stay, remain at N; for O to dwell, live at N be, become P-x̲ O-s-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be P (a member of a group); for O to become P |
borrow:borrow it O-S-ø-hées' (ga act) for S to borrow O borrow it (esp. round, spherical object) O-ka-S-ø-hées' (ga act) for S to borrow O (esp. round, spherical object) lend it to him/her N-t~ O-S-ø-hées'~ (ø motion) for S to lend O to N |
bother:bother (by interrupting, etc.), annoy O-S-sh-keen~ (Ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to bother, annoy O |
bother:bother, trouble him/her; cause him/her anxiety O-ka-S-ø-xéel'~ (ø event; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for S to bother, trouble, cause trouble or anxiety for O |
break:break it (esp. rope-like objects) O-S-l-k'oots~ (na event) for S to break O (esp. rope-like objects) |
break:break it (solid object such as wood, metal, etc.) O-S-ø-l'éex'~ (na event) for S to break O (esp. of solid objects, wood, metals, etc.) break it (long object) O-S-l-l'éex'~ (na event) for S to break O (often by bending) (usually long objects) break (of general, solid object) ø-l'éex'~ (na event) for a general, solid object to break break (of long object) l-l'éex'~ (na event) for a long object to break |
break:break it (usually fairly fragile objects) O-ka-S-ø-wáal'~ (Ø event) for S to break O break his/her heart N toowú O-ka-S-l-wáal'~ (Ø event) for S to break N's heart, hurt N's feelings disappointed (lit. one's feelings are boken) N toowú ka-ø-wáal'~ (Ø event) for N to be disappointed break (usually fairly fragile objects) ka-ø-wáal'~ (Ø event) for something to break |
break (law):violate, break a law; do something wrong at géit~ S-d-s-geet~ (ø event) for S to violate, break (law or custom), to do something wrong |
breathless:breathless, panting, short of breath O-ka-ø-shaak̲~ (Ø event) for O to be breathless, short of breath, panting |
breed:breed them O-S-s-x̲eit~ (ga event) for S to breed O multiply; produce young, breed (of animals) d-s-x̲eit~ (ga event) for something to multiply, increase in numbers; for animals to produce young, breed |
broad:wide; broad ø-wúx̲' (ga state) for something to be wide, broad |
broil:barbecue it; broil it O-S-l-tseek~ (ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to broil O slowly, cook O directly over live coals, barbecue |
bruised:bruised; discolored; colored O-ka-d-yéis'~ (ø event) for O to be colored, discolored, bruised |
build:whittle it; make kindling O-ka-S-ø-yeix̲~ (ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to whittle O, for S to make O (kindling) use it for it; make it into it P-x̲ O-S-l-yeix̲~ (ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to use O for P; for S to make O into P build it; make it; construct it O-S-l-yeix̲~ (ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to build O; for S to make, construct O |
burn:burn, catch alight; for a light to be on P-t~ a-ka-ø-gaan~ (ø motion) for P (light) to be on; for P (fire) to burn, catch alight light; set fire to; cause to shine; turn on (light) P-t~ a-ka-S-l-gaan~ (Ø motion) for S to light, set fire to, cause P to shine; for S to turn P on (light) shine (of sun) a-d-gaan~ (g̲a event) for the sun to shine shine, be bright; produce light by burning ka-d-gáan~ (ø event) for something to shine, produce light by burning burn it up kei O-S-s-gaan~ (ø motion) for S to burn O up |
burn:burn him/her/it (flesh, skin); scald it O-S-l-x̲'éix̲'~ (ø event) for S to burn O (flesh, skin); for S to scald O burned O-d-x̲'éex̲'~ (ø event) for O to be burned (of flesh, skin), become shriveled and brittle through burning |
burp:burp, belch a-S-d-l-tsaa~ (na act) for S to burp, belch |
bury:inherit, receive property at the death of someone O-S-ø-naa~ (Ø event) for S to inherit O bury with appropriate ceremonial, give burial to and disperse property O-S-s-naa~ (na event) for S to bury O with appropriate ceremonial; for S to give O burial and disperse property die O-ø-naa~ (na event) for O to die |
busy:care about it; think about it, consider it; have an opinion about it N daa O-tu-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to care about N; for O to think about, consider N; for O to have an opinion about N need, lack, require it N eetéenáx̲ O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to need, lack, require N like, similar to him/her/it N yáx̲ O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be like, similar to N busy N daat át k̲u-d-s-teeʰ~ (g̲a state) for N to be busy, occupied with things appear before him/her; apparent to him/her N wak̲shiyeex' yéi O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to appear to N; for O to be apparent to N born; exist; live O-k̲u-d-s-teeʰ~ (g̲a state) for O to be, be in existence, live; for O to be born grateful, thankful, satisfied sh tóog̲aa O-d-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be grateful, thankful, satisfied still, quiet; stop functioning tleiyéi yéi O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be still, quiet; for O to stop (car, clock, e.g.) be (for the weather to be a certain way) (yéi) k̲u-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for the weather to be (that way) feel like doing, want to do; feel that way (yéi) O-tu-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to want to do, feel like doing (that); for O to feel a certain way be (a certain way) (yéi) O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be (that way) be, stay, remain there; live, dwell there N-x' yéi O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be, stay, remain at N; for O to dwell, live at N be, become P-x̲ O-s-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be P (a member of a group); for O to become P |
buy:buy it O-S-ø-.oo (na event) for S to buy O buy it (round, spherical object) O-ka-S-ø-.oo (na event) for S to buy O (usually round, spherical object) |
call:tell, report about it; witness, testify about it O-ka-S-ø-neek~ (na act) for S to tell about, report about, give facts about O; for S to witness to, tell about, testify about O tell the story of it; talk into it O-ka-S-l-neek (na act) for S to tell the story of O; for S to talk into O explain it (N een) k̲unáax̲ daak O-ka-S-ø-neek~ (Ø act) for S to explain O (to N) tell on, inform on, betray (secret) kei O-ka-S-ø-neek~ (Ø motion) for S to tell on, inform on, betray O tell a story, narrate; preach sh ka-S-d-l-neek (na act) for S to preach, narrate, tell a story |
call:call him/her; summon him/her O-S-ø-x̲oox̲ (g̲a act) for S to call, summon O ask for it (N éedáx̲) O-ka-S-l-x̲óox̲ (na event) for S to ask for O (from N) |
call out:call out to him/her; shout to, holler at him/her O-S-ø-.éex' (na act) for S to call out to, shout to, holler at O invite him/her O-S-ø-.éex' (g̲a event) for S to invite O, ask O to a party |
calm:calm, peaceful (esp. of bodies of water) ka-du-ø-yéil'~ (ø event) for something (esp. bodies of water) to be calm, peaceful calm, peaceful (of weather) k̲u-ka-du-yéil'~ (ø event) for the weather to be calm, peaceful, without storm |
camp:stay overnight; camp out overnight O-ø-x̲eiʰ~ (ø event) for O to stay overnight, spend the night, camp out overnight |
care:care about it; think about it, consider it; have an opinion about it N daa O-tu-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to care about N; for O to think about, consider N; for O to have an opinion about N need, lack, require it N eetéenáx̲ O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to need, lack, require N like, similar to him/her/it N yáx̲ O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be like, similar to N busy N daat át k̲u-d-s-teeʰ~ (g̲a state) for N to be busy, occupied with things appear before him/her; apparent to him/her N wak̲shiyeex' yéi O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to appear to N; for O to be apparent to N born; exist; live O-k̲u-d-s-teeʰ~ (g̲a state) for O to be, be in existence, live; for O to be born grateful, thankful, satisfied sh tóog̲aa O-d-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be grateful, thankful, satisfied still, quiet; stop functioning tleiyéi yéi O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be still, quiet; for O to stop (car, clock, e.g.) be (for the weather to be a certain way) (yéi) k̲u-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for the weather to be (that way) feel like doing, want to do; feel that way (yéi) O-tu-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to want to do, feel like doing (that); for O to feel a certain way be (a certain way) (yéi) O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be (that way) be, stay, remain there; live, dwell there N-x' yéi O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be, stay, remain at N; for O to dwell, live at N be, become P-x̲ O-s-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be P (a member of a group); for O to become P |
care for:care for him/her, take care of him/her N daat~ O-ya-s-taak̲~ (Ø event) for O to care for, take care of N |
carry:think over, consider, make up one's mind about (plural subject) N daa yoo tu-S-l-.aat~ (ø act) for (plural) S to think over, consider, make up one's mind about N change one's mind; think it over and reconsider, be converted (plural subject) N daatx̲ k̲ux̲ tu-S-d-l-.aat~ (Ø motion) for (plural) S to change mind about N; for (plural) S to think over and reconsider N button it up aanáx̲ O-ka-S-l-.aat~ (Ø act) for S to button up O lying there (to have small objects lying there) P-t O-ka-S-l-.át (position) for S to have O (small objects) lying at P lie there (of small objects) P-t ka-l-.át (position) for small objects to lie at P lie there (of several things; of dead or unconscious persons or animals) P-t l-.át (position) for several things to lie at P; for several persons or animals to lie dead, unconscious, or incapacitated at P carry them, take them (esp. baggage) VII P-dé O-S-l-.aat~ (na motion) for S to carry, take (plural) O (esp. baggage) to P speak, talk to him/her (plural subject) N ée-t~ x̲'a-S-l-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to speak, talk to N give, take, hand it to him/her (small, round or hoop-like objects) N jee-t~ O-ka-S-l-.aat~ (ø event) for S to give, take, hand O (small, round or hoop-like objects) to N give, take, hand them to him/her (esp. baggage and personal belongings) N jee-t~ O-S-l-.aat~ (ø motion) for S to give, take, hand (plural) O (esp. baggage and personal belongings) to N lying down (of human) (plural subject) (P-t) sh S-d-l-.át (position) for (plural) S to be lying down (at P) speak, talk, make speech (plural subject) x̲'a-S-l-.aat~ (na event) or (plural) S to speak, talk, make a speech turn the wheel (boat, car) I kei O-ya-S-l-.aat~ (ø motion) for S to turn O (boat, car) put it down, leave it (esp. baggage and personal belongings) yan~ O-S-l-.aat~ (ø motion) for S to put down, lay down, leave (plural) O (esp. baggage and personal belongings) lie down (of human) (plural subject) yan~ sh S-d-l-.aat~ (Ø motion) for (plural) S to lie down stop speaking, stop talking (plural subject) II yan~ x̲'a-S-l-.aat~ (Ø motion) for (plural) S to stop talking speak to, talk to, converse (plural subject) yoo x̲'a-S-l-.aat~ (ø act) for (plural) S to speak, talk, converse |
carry:carry it, take it (textile-like object, blanket, coat, robe, sheet, etc.) VII P-t O-S-ø-.aax̲~ (na motion) for S to carry, take O (a textile-like object, blanket, coat, robe, sheet) around at P lie there (of hide-like object, blanket, coat, robe, sheet) P-t ø-.áx̲ (position) for a hide-like object, blanket, coat, robe, sheet to lie at P give, take, hand it to him/her (textile-like object, blanket, coat, robe, sheet, etc.) N jee-t~ O-S-ø-.aax̲~ (ø motion) for S to give, take, hand O (textile-like object) to N take it off (shirt, dress, coat, etc.) I kaax̲ kei O-S-d-.aax̲~ (Ø motion) for S to take off O (shirt, dress, coat, etc.) |
carry:pick it O-S-ø-.een~ (ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to pick O (esp. berries) into a container carry it, take it (container full of liquid or small objects) II P-t~ O-S-s-.een~ (ø motion) for S to carry O (container full of liquid or small objects) to P give, take, hand it to him/her (container full of liquid or small objects) N jee-t~ O-S-s-.een~ (ø motion) for S to give, take, hand O (container full of liquid or small objects) to N bring, carry it inside (of container full of liquid or small objects) neil O-S-s-.een~ (ø motion) for S to bring O (container full of liquid or small objects) inside put it down; leave it (container full of liquid or small objects) yan~ O-S-s-.een~ (ø motion) for S to put down, lay down, leave, place O (a container full of liquid or small objects) |
carry:carry it, take it VII P-dé O-ka-S-ø-jeil~ (na motion) for S to carry, take O to P (esp. to one place, making several trips) carry, take stuff VII P-dé at ka-S-ø-jeil~ (na motion) for S to carry, take things to P (esp. to one place, making several trips) reach one's hand through it, around it P-náx̲ ya-u-S-ø-jeil~ (ø motion) for S to reach a hand through, around P |
carry:situtated there (of building) d-nook~ (g̲a event) for a building to be situated there carry him/her/it (live creature) VII P-t O-S-s-nook~ (na motion) for S to carry, take O (live creature) around at P seat him/her O-S-s-nook~ (g̲a event) for S to seat O lift him/her/it up (live creature) kei O-S-s-nook~ (ø motion) for S to lift up O (live creature) rise, get up (singular subject) sha-S-d-nook~ (ø event) for (singular) S to get up, rise sit down (singular subject) S-ø-nook~ (g̲a event) for (singular) S to sit, sit down (esp. act of sitting) put him/her/it down, leave him/her/it (live creature) yan~ O-S-s-nook~ (ø motion) for S to put down, leave O (live creature) |
carry:think over, consider, make up one's mind about (singular subject) N daa yoo tu-S-ø-taan~ (ø act) for (singular) S to think over, consider, make up one's mind about N change one's mind; think it over and reconsider, be converted (singular subject) N daatx̲ k̲ux̲ tu-S-d-taan~ (Ø motion) for (singular) S to change mind about N; for (singular) S to think over and reconsider N wash over it (of waves) V N kanax̲ ji-ya-s-taan~ (Ø motion; CV́C Hort/Pot) for waves to wash over N cover it (esp. pot) with something at S-ø-taan~ (g̲a event) for S to cover (esp. pot, etc.), put on lid carry it, take it (container or hollow object) VIII O-S-ø-taan~ (ga motion) for S to carry, take O (usually a container or hollow object) bend it (long, simple object) O-ka-S-taan~ (na event) for S to bend O (usually long, simple object) over like to do it; in the habit of doing it O-ka-u-S-sh-tán (ga state) for S to be in habit of doing O; for S to do O frequently because S enjoys doing it carry it, take it (container or hollow object) II P-t~ O-S-ø-taan~ (ø motion) for S to carry, take O (usually a hollow object) to P extend to it; end there P-t shu-ka-ø-tán (position) for something to extend to, end at P sit there (of container or hollow object) P-t ø-tán (position) for a container or hollow object to sit at P precipitate (rain, snow, etc) daak s-taan~ (ø event) for rain, snow to fall speak, talk to him/her (singular subject) N ée-t~ x̲'a-S-ø-taan~ (ø motion) for S to speak, talk to N call him/her on the phone VII N jeedé x̲'a-S-d-taan~ (na motion) for (singular) S to call N on telephone give, take, hand it to him/her (long, complex object) N jee-t~ O-S-s-taan~ (ø motion) for S to give, take, hand O (usually long, complex object) to N call him/her on the phone II N jee-t~ x̲'a-S-d-taan~ (ø motion) for S to call N on telephone put trust in, rely on, have faith in N káa yan tu-S-ø-taan~ (Ø motion) for S to put trust in, rely on, have faith in N rough (of ocean) ji-s-taan~ (na event) for the ocean to be rough bring it out, unearth it; pick it up (usually long, complex object) kei O-S-s-taan~ (ø motion) for S to bring out, unearth O (usually long, complex object)(esp. from a box or other container or place which O is kept); for S to pick up, lift up O raise one's hand I kei ji-S-s-taan~ (Ø motion) for S to raise a hand speak, talk, make speech (singular subject) x̲'a-S-d-taan~ (na event) for (singular) S to speak, talk, make a speech put it down (small, stick-like object) yan O-ka-S-s-taan~ (ø motion) for S to put down, lay down, leave, place O (usually quite small, stick-like object) put it down, leave it (long, complex object) yan O-S-s-taan~ (ø motion) for S to put down, lay down, leave, place O (usually long, complex object) hit, reach the beach (of waves) yan ji-s-taan~ (Ø motion) for waves to hit, reach the beach lower one's hand yan~ ji-S-s-taan~ (Ø motion) for S to lower a hand stop speaking, stop talking (singular subject) II yan~ x̲'a-S-d-taan~ (Ø motion) for (singular) S to stop talking bent yóo ka-ø-tán (position) for something to be bent speak to, talk to (singular subject) yoo x̲'a-S-ø-taan~ (ø act) for (singular) S to speak to, talk to bend over, lean down (singular subject) yínde sh ka-S-d-taan~ (na motion) for (singular) S to bend over, lean down decide, make up one's mind; feel, think (a certain way) (yéi) tu-S-d-taan~ (na event) for (singular) S to decide, make up one's mind (that way) |
carry:carry it, take it (general, often compact object) IX P-dáx̲ O-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ga motion) for S to pick O up off of P carry it, take it (general, often compact object) VII P-dé O-S-ø-teeʰ~ (na motion) for S to carry, take O (general, often compact object) to P anticipate, forsee; expect, consider likely to happen or arrive O-shu-S-s-teeʰ~ (na state) for S to anticipate, forsee, expect O; for S to consider O likely to happen or arrive postpone it O-shu-ka-S-ø-teeʰ~ (na event) for S to postpone O expect him/her/it; anticipate it O-shu-S-s-teeʰ~ (na state) for S to anticipate, foresee O; for S to expect, consider O likely to happen or arrive carry it, take it (solid, complex object) VII P-dé O-S-s-teeʰ~ (na motion) for S to carry, take O (solid, often complex object) to P carry it, take it (solid, complex object) IX O-S-s-teeʰ~ (ga motion) for S to carry, take O (solid, often complex object) install it there, hang it there P-x̲ O-S-ø-teeʰ~ (g̲a motion) for S to install, hang, place O at P hang it up there (esp. to dry) P-x̲ O-sha-ya-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to hang up O at P (esp. to dry) stormy, rough (of weather) a-ya-d-teeʰ~ (g̲a event) for the weather to be stormy, rough give, take, hand it to him/her (round, spherical object) N jee-t~ O-ka-S-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to give, take, hand O (round object) to N blame it on him/her; bring it (shame, joy) onto him/her P-t~ O-shu-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to bring O (abstract, esp. shame, blame, joy) onto P feed it to him/her/it; give it to him/her/it to eat N x̲'éix̲ O-S-ø-teeʰ~ (na event) for S to feed O to N; for S to give O to N to eat feed him/her/it N x̲'éix̲ at S-ø-teeʰ~ (na event) for S to feed N, give food to N (for immediate consumption) baptize him/her héen-t~ O-ya-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to baptize, immerse (singular) O in water or pour water upon O as a religious rite put it on (shirt, dress, etc.) káx̲ O-S-d-teeʰ~ (g̲a event) for S to put on O (shirt, dress, etc.) bring it out, unearth it; pick it up (general, often compact object) kei O-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ø motion) or S to bring out, unearth O (general, often compact object)(esp. from a box or other container or place which O is kept); for S to pick up, lift up O put it down, leave it (round, spherical object) yan O-ka-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to put down, lay down, leave, place O (round object) put it down (solid, often complex object) yan O-S-s-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to put down, lay down, leave, place O (solid, often complex object) |
carry:carry it on one's back; pack it on one's back O-S-ø-yaa~ (ga event) for S to carry O on back; for S to pack O anchor it (boat) O-sha-S-s-yaa~ (na event) for S to anchor O (boat) carry things on one's back; pack things at S-ø-yaa~ (ga event) for S to carry things on back; for S to pack things spread it out; unfold it P-x̲ O-ka-S-ø-yaa~ (g̲a motion) for S to spread out, unfold, lay out (singular) O along P anchor (a boat) sha-S-d-s-yaa~ (na event) for S to anchor, lower anchor |
carry:bite him/her/it; carry it in one's mouth (of animal) O-S-ø-yeek̲~ (ga event) for S to bite O; for S to carry O in mouth (of animal) |
carve:carve it O-ka-S-ø-ch'áak'w~ (ø act; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for S to carve O (usually smaller, detailed work) using a knife |
catch:catch it; grab him/her/it; arrest him/her/it; trap him/her/it O-S-ø-sháat~ (ga event) for S to catch O; for S to grab, take hold of, snatch O; for S to arrest O; for S to trap O gust (move in gusts (of weather)) II P-t~ a-ya-ø-sháat~ (Ø motion) for the wind, weather to move in gusts to P hold it; capture it; hold it captive O-S-l-sháat~ (g̲a act) for S to hold, retain O in one's grasp; for S to capture, hold O captive change one's mind k̲ux̲ tu-S-d-sháat~ (ø motion) for S to change one's mind |
celebrate:grow it (plant); turn it on (hose) O-ka-S-s-.aa~ (na act) for S to cause O (plant) to grow; for S to turn on O (hose), cause O to flow celebrate, set apart (a particular day) O-k̲ei-S-s-.aa~ (na event) for S to celebrate O, set apart O (a particular day) grow (of plant); flow, pour forth (of water) ka-ø-.aa~ (na act) for a plant to grow; for a stream of water to flow, pour forth grow (of plant) ka-s-.aa~ (na act) for a plant to grow daylight (become daylight, dawn) k̲ei-ø-.aa (na event) for it to become daylight, dawn run, migrate (of fish) VII ya-ø-.aa~ (na motion) for fish to run, migrate run, migrate (of fish) II P-t~ ya-ø-.aa~ (Ø motion) for fish to run at P |
change mind:think over, consider, make up one's mind about (plural subject) N daa yoo tu-S-l-.aat~ (ø act) for (plural) S to think over, consider, make up one's mind about N change one's mind; think it over and reconsider, be converted (plural subject) N daatx̲ k̲ux̲ tu-S-d-l-.aat~ (Ø motion) for (plural) S to change mind about N; for (plural) S to think over and reconsider N button it up aanáx̲ O-ka-S-l-.aat~ (Ø act) for S to button up O lying there (to have small objects lying there) P-t O-ka-S-l-.át (position) for S to have O (small objects) lying at P lie there (of small objects) P-t ka-l-.át (position) for small objects to lie at P lie there (of several things; of dead or unconscious persons or animals) P-t l-.át (position) for several things to lie at P; for several persons or animals to lie dead, unconscious, or incapacitated at P carry them, take them (esp. baggage) VII P-dé O-S-l-.aat~ (na motion) for S to carry, take (plural) O (esp. baggage) to P speak, talk to him/her (plural subject) N ée-t~ x̲'a-S-l-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to speak, talk to N give, take, hand it to him/her (small, round or hoop-like objects) N jee-t~ O-ka-S-l-.aat~ (ø event) for S to give, take, hand O (small, round or hoop-like objects) to N give, take, hand them to him/her (esp. baggage and personal belongings) N jee-t~ O-S-l-.aat~ (ø motion) for S to give, take, hand (plural) O (esp. baggage and personal belongings) to N lying down (of human) (plural subject) (P-t) sh S-d-l-.át (position) for (plural) S to be lying down (at P) speak, talk, make speech (plural subject) x̲'a-S-l-.aat~ (na event) or (plural) S to speak, talk, make a speech turn the wheel (boat, car) I kei O-ya-S-l-.aat~ (ø motion) for S to turn O (boat, car) put it down, leave it (esp. baggage and personal belongings) yan~ O-S-l-.aat~ (ø motion) for S to put down, lay down, leave (plural) O (esp. baggage and personal belongings) lie down (of human) (plural subject) yan~ sh S-d-l-.aat~ (Ø motion) for (plural) S to lie down stop speaking, stop talking (plural subject) II yan~ x̲'a-S-l-.aat~ (Ø motion) for (plural) S to stop talking speak to, talk to, converse (plural subject) yoo x̲'a-S-l-.aat~ (ø act) for (plural) S to speak, talk, converse |
change mind:catch it; grab him/her/it; arrest him/her/it; trap him/her/it O-S-ø-sháat~ (ga event) for S to catch O; for S to grab, take hold of, snatch O; for S to arrest O; for S to trap O gust (move in gusts (of weather)) II P-t~ a-ya-ø-sháat~ (Ø motion) for the wind, weather to move in gusts to P hold it; capture it; hold it captive O-S-l-sháat~ (g̲a act) for S to hold, retain O in one's grasp; for S to capture, hold O captive change one's mind k̲ux̲ tu-S-d-sháat~ (ø motion) for S to change one's mind |
charge:instruct him/her; give him/her orders to do áa O-ji-ka-(u)-S-ø-k̲aa~ (na event) for S to instruct, give O orders (to do) send him/her on a mission, errand O-ka-(u)-S-ø-k̲aa~ (na event) for S to send O (esp. on a mission or errand, or to deliver a message) confess, acknowledge, declare; charge, set the price, charge for (N éede) O-ya-S-s-k̲aa~ (na act) for S to charge (N) for O; for S to set the price of O; for S to confess, acknowledge, or delcare O insult him/her, offend him/her by what one says sh tugéit O-ya-S-d-s-k̲aa~ (Ø event) for S to insult, offend O by what one says tell him/her (a certain thing) (yéi) O-daa-ya-S-ø-k̲á (act) for S to tell O (a certain thing) say (a certain thing); confess, acknowledge, declare (a certain thing) (yéi) ya-S-ø-k̲aa~ (na act) for S to say (a certain thing); for S to confess, acknowledge, declare (a certain thing) tell, say to him/her; ask him/her to do (yóo) O-ya-S-s-k̲aa~ (na event) for S to tell, say (that) to O; for S to ask O to do (that) |
chase:chase him/her/it out into the open daak O-l-kéil'~ (ø motion) for S to chase O into the open |
chill:chill it; make it cold O-S-s-.áat'~ (ø act) for S to make O cold, cool cold (of weather) k̲u-s-.áat' (ga state) for the weather to be cold cold (feel cold, of person) O-sa-ø-.áat'~ (Ø event) for O (person) to feel cold cold (of inanimate object) s-.áat' (Ø state) for an inanimate object to be cold cold (of face) O-ya-d-s-.áat'~ (Ø event) for O's face to be cold |
chip:chip it out O-S-ø-x̲óot'~ (Ø act) for S to chop O (wood); for S to chip O out (with adze) chop it up; split it (wood) O-ka-S-l-x̲óot' (g̲a act) for S to chop up O; for S to split O (wood) |
choose:shoot it (with bow and arrow); choose it (in gambling with sticks) O-S-ø-t'óok~ (ø event) for S to shoot O (with bow and arrow); for S to choose O (in gambling with sticks) |
chop:chop it O-S-ø-s'óow~ (na act) for S to chop O (esp. chopping down trees, chopping off branches) |
claim:own, claim it O-S-ø-héin (na state) for S to own, claim O (esp. clan property) |
clear:clear (of sky), be clear, cloudless a-ka-ø-xáats'~ (na event) for the sky to be clear, cloudless |
climb:climb up along it I N daax̲ kei S-d-l-tl'éit'~ (ø motion) for S to climb up along N (tree, rope, etc.) by holding on tightly climb up along it IX N yáx̲ S-d-l-tl'éit'~ (ga motion) for S to climb up along the face of N (mountain, cliff, fence, etc.) |
close (by pulling):pull it (light object) over it; cover it with it IX N káx̲ O-S-ø-yeesh~ (g̲a motion) for S to pull O (fairly light object) over N; for S to cover N with O pull it (light object) P-dáx̲ kei O-S-ø-yeesh~ (ø motion) for S to pull O (a fairly light object) up out of P pull it down; close it (window) by pulling down IX P-x̲ O-S-ø-yeesh~ (g̲a motion) for S to pull O down along P; for S to close O (window) by pulling down along P pull it up; open it (window) by pulling up I (kínde) kei O-S-ø-yeesh~ (Ø motion) for S to pull O up; for S to open O (window) by pulling up |
close2:close one's eyes (really closed, as when sleeping) ka-S-d-l'oox~ (Ø event) for S to close eyes closed (of eyes) (N waak̲) ka-d-l'oox~ (Ø event) for N's eyes to be closed |
cloudy:cloudy k̲u-l-góos' (ga state) for the sky to be cloudy |
club:club him/her/it; hit him/her/it on the head O-sha-S-ø-x̲eech~ (ø event) for S to club, hit O on the head throw it to him/her/it (liquid) II P-t~ O-ka-S-ø-x̲eech~ (Ø motion) for S to throw O (esp. liquid) to P slam it shut (door, lid) P-t~ O-shu-S-ø-x̲eech~ (Ø motion) for S to slam O (door, lid) at P spill, upset it yax̲ O-ka-S-ø-x̲eech~ (ø event) for S to spill, upset O |
clutch:clutch, hold tightly O-ka-S-ø-g̲ook~ (Ø event) for S to clutch, hold tightly onto O |
cold:chill it; make it cold O-S-s-.áat'~ (ø act) for S to make O cold, cool cold (of weather) k̲u-s-.áat' (ga state) for the weather to be cold cold (feel cold, of person) O-sa-ø-.áat'~ (Ø event) for O (person) to feel cold cold (of inanimate object) s-.áat' (Ø state) for an inanimate object to be cold cold (of face) O-ya-d-s-.áat'~ (Ø event) for O's face to be cold |
color:dye it; stain it; color it O-ka-S-l-séik̲'w~ (ø act; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for S to stain, dye, color the surface of O stained, dyed, colored O-ka-d-séik̲'w~ (ø event) for O to be stained, dyed, colored dye, color, stain (face, hair, etc.); put on one's makeup ya-ka-S-d-l-séik̲'w~ (ø act; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for S to put on makeup |
colored:bruised; discolored; colored O-ka-d-yéis'~ (ø event) for O to be colored, discolored, bruised |
come:leave, go, come to it (of group of people) II P-t~ O-ka-d-k'éet'~ (Ø motion) for O (group of people) to all leave, go or come to P go (of group of people) VII P-dé O-ka-d-k'éet'~ (na motion) for O (group of people) to all leave, go or come to P pick berries k̲u-S-ø-k'éet'~ (ø act; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for S to pick berries (esp. pick in quantity to take home) |
come to:sober up, regain consciousness, come to N daa a-ø-daak̲~ (na event) for N to sober up |
come to senses:examine, inspect it; judge, assess it N daa ya-S-d-s-.aa~ (na act) for S to examine, inspect, look into, judge, assess N kiss him/her N x̲'éi-t~ ya-S-d-s-.aa~ (ø motion) for S to kiss N |
comfortable:forget N ká-t~ O-sa-ø-x'aak̲w~ (ø event) for O to forget N comfortable, sit or lie comfortably sh ka-S-d-j-x'aak̲w~ (na event) for S to be comfortable, sit or lie comfortably comfortable, sit or lie comfortably yan~ sh ka-S-d-j-x'aak̲w~ (Ø motion) for S to be comfortable, sit or lie comfortably |
command:send him/her there; order him/her to go there; give it (in accordance with clan relationship O-ka-u-S-ø-náa (na act; CV́V Imp/Hort/Pot) for S to order (esp. to go), send, command O; (fig.) for S to give O (esp. in accordance with clan relationship) |
commend:praise him/her; commend him/her O-ka-S-ø-shéex̲'~ (ø act) for S to praise, glorify O; for S to approve, commend O; for S to comment on O |
compose:compose a song at ka-S-l-shee~ (na event) for S to compose songs (esp. about opposite clan) |
concentrate:exert one's full strength on it; concentrate on it O-S-ø-xeech~ (ø event) for S to exert one's full strength on, strive for O; for S to concentrate on, put effort into O |
confess:instruct him/her; give him/her orders to do áa O-ji-ka-(u)-S-ø-k̲aa~ (na event) for S to instruct, give O orders (to do) send him/her on a mission, errand O-ka-(u)-S-ø-k̲aa~ (na event) for S to send O (esp. on a mission or errand, or to deliver a message) confess, acknowledge, declare; charge, set the price, charge for (N éede) O-ya-S-s-k̲aa~ (na act) for S to charge (N) for O; for S to set the price of O; for S to confess, acknowledge, or delcare O insult him/her, offend him/her by what one says sh tugéit O-ya-S-d-s-k̲aa~ (Ø event) for S to insult, offend O by what one says tell him/her (a certain thing) (yéi) O-daa-ya-S-ø-k̲á (act) for S to tell O (a certain thing) say (a certain thing); confess, acknowledge, declare (a certain thing) (yéi) ya-S-ø-k̲aa~ (na act) for S to say (a certain thing); for S to confess, acknowledge, declare (a certain thing) tell, say to him/her; ask him/her to do (yóo) O-ya-S-s-k̲aa~ (na event) for S to tell, say (that) to O; for S to ask O to do (that) |
confused:sift it O-ka-S-l-g̲áat~ (Ø act) for S to sift O sprinkle it, scatter it carefully O-ka-S-l-g̲átch (na act) for S to sprinkle, scatter O carefully wander, wander around trying to find the way P-t yaa k̲u-S-d-l-g̲áat (na motion) for S to wander around at P; for S to wander around at P trying to find the way trap it, catch it in trap (deadfall or other, but not fishtrap) O-S-d-s-g̲aat~ (Ø event) for S to trap, catch O in trap (deadfall or other, but not fishtrap) dizzy (be dizzy) N daa yaa k̲u-ø-g̲áat~ (Ø event) for N to be dizzy dizzy (make him/her dizzy) N daa yaa k̲u-S-l-g̲áat~ (Ø event) for S to make N dizzy forget him/her/it yaa O-k̲u-S-l-g̲áat~ (Ø event) for S to forget O |
connect:connect, attach, tie it there (P-dé) O-ka-S-s-xaat~ (Ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to connect, attach, tie O (to P) connected, attached, tied there P-(dé) ka-s-xaat~ (Ø state; CV́C Hort/Pot) for something to be connected, attached, tied (to) P tight (of lid, rope, etc.) ka-ø-xaat~ (Ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for a lid, rope, etc. to be tight pull it tight O-ka-S-s-xaat~ (ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to tighten, pull on O (something fastened at the other end) |
consider:examine, inspect it; judge, assess it N daa ya-S-d-s-.aa~ (na act) for S to examine, inspect, look into, judge, assess N kiss him/her N x̲'éi-t~ ya-S-d-s-.aa~ (ø motion) for S to kiss N |
constipate:constipate him/her; plug it O-S-s-déek'~ (Ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to constipate, plug O constipated, plugged O-d-s-déek'~ (Ø event; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for O to be constipated, plugged |
contain:hold more, contain more; hold a lot (of container) l-yék (ga state) for something to hold more, contain more; for something to hold a lot |
cook:cook at S-s-.ee~ (ø act) for S to cook cook it O-S-s-.ee~ (ø act) for S to cook O cooked yan~ ø-.ee~ (ø motion) for food to be cooked, done cooking |
cook:barbecue it; broil it O-S-l-tseek~ (ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to broil O slowly, cook O directly over live coals, barbecue |
cook:cook herring eggs by dipping briefly in boiling water and oil O-ka-S-sh-x̲'áal'~ (Ø event; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for S to cook O (herring eggs) by dipping in boiling water and oil |
cool:chill it; make it cold O-S-s-.áat'~ (ø act) for S to make O cold, cool cold (of weather) k̲u-s-.áat' (ga state) for the weather to be cold cold (feel cold, of person) O-sa-ø-.áat'~ (Ø event) for O (person) to feel cold cold (of inanimate object) s-.áat' (Ø state) for an inanimate object to be cold cold (of face) O-ya-d-s-.áat'~ (Ø event) for O's face to be cold |
copy:copy him/her/it; copy what s/he said; make a face at him/her O-ka-S-d-kaa (na act) for S to copy O |
cork up:cork it up (bottle); shut, cover his/her/its mouth O-x̲'e-S-ø-déex'~ (ø event) for S to cork up (bottle), shut mouth of O plug it (a hole) O-S-ø-déex'~ (Ø event) for S to plug up O (a hole in a surface) |
cough:cough a-S-d-s-kook̲~ (Ø state) for S to cough |
count:read it, count it O-S-ø-tóow (na act) for S to read O teach him/her P-x' at S-l-tóow (ø act) for S to teach P teach it to him/her P-x' O-S-l-tóow (ø act) for S to teach O to P study; teach oneself sh tóo at S-d-l-tóow (ø act) for S to study, teach oneself study, learn it; practice it sh tóo O-S-d-l-tóow (ø act) for S to study, learn O; for S to practice, rehearse O read, count S-d-tóow (na act) for S to read, count |
cover:cork it up (bottle); shut, cover his/her/its mouth O-x̲'e-S-ø-déex'~ (ø event) for S to cork up (bottle), shut mouth of O plug it (a hole) O-S-ø-déex'~ (Ø event) for S to plug up O (a hole in a surface) |
cover:think over, consider, make up one's mind about (singular subject) N daa yoo tu-S-ø-taan~ (ø act) for (singular) S to think over, consider, make up one's mind about N change one's mind; think it over and reconsider, be converted (singular subject) N daatx̲ k̲ux̲ tu-S-d-taan~ (Ø motion) for (singular) S to change mind about N; for (singular) S to think over and reconsider N wash over it (of waves) V N kanax̲ ji-ya-s-taan~ (Ø motion; CV́C Hort/Pot) for waves to wash over N cover it (esp. pot) with something at S-ø-taan~ (g̲a event) for S to cover (esp. pot, etc.), put on lid carry it, take it (container or hollow object) VIII O-S-ø-taan~ (ga motion) for S to carry, take O (usually a container or hollow object) bend it (long, simple object) O-ka-S-taan~ (na event) for S to bend O (usually long, simple object) over like to do it; in the habit of doing it O-ka-u-S-sh-tán (ga state) for S to be in habit of doing O; for S to do O frequently because S enjoys doing it carry it, take it (container or hollow object) II P-t~ O-S-ø-taan~ (ø motion) for S to carry, take O (usually a hollow object) to P extend to it; end there P-t shu-ka-ø-tán (position) for something to extend to, end at P sit there (of container or hollow object) P-t ø-tán (position) for a container or hollow object to sit at P precipitate (rain, snow, etc) daak s-taan~ (ø event) for rain, snow to fall speak, talk to him/her (singular subject) N ée-t~ x̲'a-S-ø-taan~ (ø motion) for S to speak, talk to N call him/her on the phone VII N jeedé x̲'a-S-d-taan~ (na motion) for (singular) S to call N on telephone give, take, hand it to him/her (long, complex object) N jee-t~ O-S-s-taan~ (ø motion) for S to give, take, hand O (usually long, complex object) to N call him/her on the phone II N jee-t~ x̲'a-S-d-taan~ (ø motion) for S to call N on telephone put trust in, rely on, have faith in N káa yan tu-S-ø-taan~ (Ø motion) for S to put trust in, rely on, have faith in N rough (of ocean) ji-s-taan~ (na event) for the ocean to be rough bring it out, unearth it; pick it up (usually long, complex object) kei O-S-s-taan~ (ø motion) for S to bring out, unearth O (usually long, complex object)(esp. from a box or other container or place which O is kept); for S to pick up, lift up O raise one's hand I kei ji-S-s-taan~ (Ø motion) for S to raise a hand speak, talk, make speech (singular subject) x̲'a-S-d-taan~ (na event) for (singular) S to speak, talk, make a speech put it down (small, stick-like object) yan O-ka-S-s-taan~ (ø motion) for S to put down, lay down, leave, place O (usually quite small, stick-like object) put it down, leave it (long, complex object) yan O-S-s-taan~ (ø motion) for S to put down, lay down, leave, place O (usually long, complex object) hit, reach the beach (of waves) yan ji-s-taan~ (Ø motion) for waves to hit, reach the beach lower one's hand yan~ ji-S-s-taan~ (Ø motion) for S to lower a hand stop speaking, stop talking (singular subject) II yan~ x̲'a-S-d-taan~ (Ø motion) for (singular) S to stop talking bent yóo ka-ø-tán (position) for something to be bent speak to, talk to (singular subject) yoo x̲'a-S-ø-taan~ (ø act) for (singular) S to speak to, talk to bend over, lean down (singular subject) yínde sh ka-S-d-taan~ (na motion) for (singular) S to bend over, lean down decide, make up one's mind; feel, think (a certain way) (yéi) tu-S-d-taan~ (na event) for (singular) S to decide, make up one's mind (that way) |
cover:pull it (light object) over it; cover it with it IX N káx̲ O-S-ø-yeesh~ (g̲a motion) for S to pull O (fairly light object) over N; for S to cover N with O pull it (light object) P-dáx̲ kei O-S-ø-yeesh~ (ø motion) for S to pull O (a fairly light object) up out of P pull it down; close it (window) by pulling down IX P-x̲ O-S-ø-yeesh~ (g̲a motion) for S to pull O down along P; for S to close O (window) by pulling down along P pull it up; open it (window) by pulling up I (kínde) kei O-S-ø-yeesh~ (Ø motion) for S to pull O up; for S to open O (window) by pulling up |
cramp:cramps; shocked (by electricity) O-ka-d-l-shóok'~ (ø event) for O to have cramps; for O to get shocked (by electricity) |
crawl:crawl VII P-t S-d-g̲wáat'~ (na motion) for S (esp. child) to crawl around on hands and knees at P crawl I daak S-d-g̲wáat'~ (Ø motion) for S (esp. child) to crawl out (into the open) on hands and knees |
crawl:crawl on one's belly VII P-dé S-ø-tlóox'~ (na motion) for S to creep, crawl on hands and toes with body close to ground (usually when stalking game) toward P |
crazy:crazy sh ka-S-d-l-shoo~ (na event) for S to go crazy |
creep:crawl on one's belly VII P-dé S-ø-tlóox'~ (na motion) for S to creep, crawl on hands and toes with body close to ground (usually when stalking game) toward P |
crochet:knit it; weave it; crochet it; mend it (net) O-ka-S-s-nei~ (na act) for S to make O (cloth of any kind) (by weaving, knitting, or crocheting); for S to make or mend O (net) respect him/her N yáa a-ya-u-S-ø-néi (ga act) for S to respect, regard highly, think highly of N knit; weave; crochet ka-S-d-s-nei~ (ø act) for S to knit, weave, or crochet |
crooked:wind it O-ka-S-l-téex̲'~ (na event) for S to wind O |
crooked:screw it on it II P-t~ O-ka-S-l-téex̲'~ (Ø motion) for S to screw O into P crooked; wicked O-ka-d-s-téix̲'~ (ø event) for O to be crooked, wicked lock it x̲'éi-t~ O-ka-S-l-téex̲'~ (ø event) for S to lock O |
crowded:polish, rub until shiny N daatx̲ k̲u-ka-S-s-haa~ (na act) for S to polish N; for S to rub N until shiny remind, cause to remember, bring to mind N káa daak O-sa-S-l-haa~ (Ø event; CV́V Hort/Pot) for S to remind O about N garden; dig a-ka-S-ø-haa~ (na act) for S to garden, dig plant it (using spade); dig it O-ka-S-ø-haa~ (na act) for S to plant O crowd, crowded, gather VII P-t~ O-ya-d-haa~ (Ø motion) for O to move in, come around, crowd at P (of large numbers, esp. people, birds) time for it P-t~ k̲u-ø-haa~ (ø motion) for the time to come for P gather it; pick it up; take it up O-ya-S-s-haa~ (ø act; CV́V Imp/Hort/Pot) for S to gather up, pick up, take up O have a turn N ée-t~ k̲u-ø-haa~ (ø motion) for N to have a turn hungry (make him/her hungry) N ée-t~ yaan-->O-S-s-haa~ (Ø motion) for S to make N hungry hungry N ée-t~ yaan ø-haa~ (ø motion) for N to be hungry dig it up kei O-ka-S-ø-haa~ (ø motion) for S to dig O up injure oneself sh tóo a-sha-S-d-l-háa (Ø event) for S to injure oneself obvious; clearly visible tlél ga-u-ø-háa (ga state) for something to be obvious, clearly visible want (often with strong feeling); decide, be decided about, intend to; agree to, be willing to (yéi) O-sa-S-ø-haa~ (na state) for S to want O (a certain way); for S to be decided about O; for S to agree to O |
crowded:crowded, jammed together O-d-k̲'éek'~ (Ø event) for O to be crowded, jammed together |
cry:cry (make him/her cry), cause him/her to cry O-ka-S-s-g̲aax̲~ (na event) for S to make O cry, cause O to cry ask for it; cry for it O-S-d-s-g̲áax̲ (g̲a act) for S to cry for, ask for O cry loudly; cry out, scream out (in fear or pain) ka-S-d-g̲aax̲~ (ga act) for S to cry loudly (of child, or person in great pain), to cry out or scream (in fear or pain) cry, weep; mourn, lament (singular subject) S-ø-g̲aax̲~ (ga act) for (singluar) S to cry, weep; for (singular) S to mourn, lament |
cry:lying there (to have a round, spherical object lying there) P-t O-ka-S-ø-téen (position) for S to have (round, spherical) O lying at P sit there (of solid, complex object) P-t s-téen (position) for a solid, often complex object to sit at P carry it, take it (general, often compact object) II N jee-t~ O-S-ø-tee~ (ø motion) for S to give, take, hand O (general, esp. abstract objects) to N cry, weep, mourn, howl (plural subject) g̲ax̲-S-s-tee~ (ga act) for (plural) S to cry, weep, mourn; for (plural) S to howl (esp. of wolves) take it off (shirt, dress, coat, etc.) I kaax̲ kei O-S-d-tee~ (Ø motion) for S to take off O (shirt, dress, coat, etc.) wear it; have it on kát O-S-d-tee~ (position) for S to wear O impregnate yát N jee-t~ O-S-ø-tee~ (Ø motion) for S to get N pregnant with O (baby) |
cure:save him/her/it; heal, cure him/her/it O-S-s-neix̲ (g̲a event) for S to save O; for S to heal, cure O saved, healed, cured, recovered; satisfied O-ø-neix̲~ (g̲a event) for O to be saved; for O to be healed, cured, recover; for O to be satisfied |
cure:tan it; smoke it; cure it by placing in smoke áx̲ a-ka-S-l-s'eik̲~ (na event) for S to tan, smoke, cure something by placing in smoke smoke (cigarettes, etc.) sh x̲'a-S-d-s'eik̲ (na act) for S to smoke (cigarettes, etc.) |
curious:wonder about it; curious, anxious about it O-ka-S-ø-jeek (na act) for S to wonder, be curious, anxious about O |
cut:cut him/her/it (human body, accidentally) O-S-ø-k̲'éik'w~ (ø event) for S to cut O (human body), usually accidentally; for S to wound O with a sharp instrument cut oneself sh S-d-k̲'éik'w~ (ø event) for S to cut himself/herself, usually accidentally; for S to wound himself/herself with a sharp instrument |
cut:cut it, saw it O-S-ø-xaash~ (na act) for S to cut O with knife, saw O cut, saw it off O-S-ø-xaash~ (Ø act) for S to cut, saw O off (esp. cutting something off or cutting wood) cut it up; carve it; slice it O-ka-S-ø-xaash~ (g̲a event) for S to cut O in several pieces; for S to carve O (on surface); for S to slice O (e.g., bread) cut his/her hair O-sha-S-l-xaash~ (na act) for S to cut O's hair cut it (esp. rope-like object) O-S-l-xaash~ (na act) for S to cut O (esp. rope-like object) cut S-d-xaash~ (na act) for S to cut |
dance:dance a-S-ø-l'eix̲ (na act) for S to dance |
dangerous:scary; dangerous O-ka-u-l-x̲éitl'shán (ga state) for O to be scary, dangerous |
dark:precipitate (rain, snow, etc., esp. hard) a-ø-g̲éet (na event) for rain, hail, snow to fall (often hard, in dark rainstorm) dark (of sky) k̲u-ka-j-g̲éet~ (ø event) for the sky to be dark |
daylight:grow it (plant); turn it on (hose) O-ka-S-s-.aa~ (na act) for S to cause O (plant) to grow; for S to turn on O (hose), cause O to flow celebrate, set apart (a particular day) O-k̲ei-S-s-.aa~ (na event) for S to celebrate O, set apart O (a particular day) grow (of plant); flow, pour forth (of water) ka-ø-.aa~ (na act) for a plant to grow; for a stream of water to flow, pour forth grow (of plant) ka-s-.aa~ (na act) for a plant to grow daylight (become daylight, dawn) k̲ei-ø-.aa (na event) for it to become daylight, dawn run, migrate (of fish) VII ya-ø-.aa~ (na motion) for fish to run, migrate run, migrate (of fish) II P-t~ ya-ø-.aa~ (Ø motion) for fish to run at P |
decide:try it, attempt it O-ka-(u)-S-ø-.aak̲w (na act) for S to try, attempt O plan it O-ka-S-ø-.aak̲w~ (Ø act) for S to plan O order him/her, give him/her instructions (esp. concerning work) át O-ji-ka-u-S-ø-.aak̲w~ (na act) for S to give O orders, instructions (esp. concerning work) give him/her orders; command, instruct him/her át O-ka-S-ø-.aak̲w~ (na event) for S to give orders to, command, instruct O give him/her an opportunity to speak; give him/her directions as to what to say O-x̲'a-ka-(u)-S-ø-.aak̲w (na act) for S to give O an opportunity to speak; for S to give O directions as to what to say decide about it; plan it yan~ O-ka-S-ø-.aak̲w~ (ø motion) for S to make a decision about O; for S to finish planning O order oneself to do it; make oneself do it át sh ji-ka-S-d-.aak̲w~ (na event) for S to make oneself do something |
deep:deep (of water, snow, etc.) ø-dlaan~ (g̲a state) for water, snow, etc. to be deep, to be piled thickly deep, thick, piled up (of snow, pine needles, etc) yan~ ka-ø-dlaan~ (ø motion) for grain-like objects, pine needles, snow to be deep, thick, pile up |
defeat:win, gain, get, obtain it; acquire it; succeed, accomplish it; defeat him/her/it O-ya-S-ø-dlaak̲~ (na event) for S to gain, get, obtain, acquire O; for S to succeed, accomplish O; for S to defeat, beat O |
defecate:defecate a-S-ø-l'éel'~ (Ø act) for S to defecate poop oneself sh daa a-S-d-l'éel'~ (Ø event) for S to poop oneself |
defraud:tell, report about it; witness, testify about it O-ka-S-ø-neek~ (na act) for S to tell about, report about, give facts about O; for S to witness to, tell about, testify about O tell the story of it; talk into it O-ka-S-l-neek (na act) for S to tell the story of O; for S to talk into O explain it (N een) k̲unáax̲ daak O-ka-S-ø-neek~ (Ø act) for S to explain O (to N) tell on, inform on, betray (secret) kei O-ka-S-ø-neek~ (Ø motion) for S to tell on, inform on, betray O tell a story, narrate; preach sh ka-S-d-l-neek (na act) for S to preach, narrate, tell a story |
delayed:delayed, prevented, held back from plans (often due to inclement weather) O-ya-ø-seek~ (ø event) for O to be delayed, prevented, held back from plans (often due to inclement weather) |
deny:deny, contradict, declare untrue P-x̲ a-ka-u-S-l-yáakw (na state) for S to deny, cotradict, declare P untrue |
desert:let go of, release him/her/it; leave, desert him/her/it; hand him/her/it over O-ji-S-ø-naak̲~ (ø event) for S to let go, release, relinquish O; for S to leave, desert O; for S to hand over, deliver up O quit, give up (esp. drinking) O-x̲'a-S-ø-naak̲~ (Ø event) for S to quit, give up O (esp. drinking) quit, stop work ji-S-d-naak̲~ (Ø event) for S to quit, stop work |
diarrhea:diarrhea (cause him/her to have diarrhea) O-S-l-s'éex̲' (g̲a event) for S to cause O to have diarrhea diarrhea (get, have diarrhea) O-ø-s'éex̲' (g̲a event) for O to get, have diarrhea |
die:inherit, receive property at the death of someone O-S-ø-naa~ (Ø event) for S to inherit O bury with appropriate ceremonial, give burial to and disperse property O-S-s-naa~ (na event) for S to bury O with appropriate ceremonial; for S to give O burial and disperse property die O-ø-naa~ (na event) for O to die |
difficult:difficult, almost impossible, hard (in abstract), frustrating O-l-dzée (ga state) for O to be very difficult, frustrating, almost impossible, hard, (in abstract) |
dig:polish, rub until shiny N daatx̲ k̲u-ka-S-s-haa~ (na act) for S to polish N; for S to rub N until shiny remind, cause to remember, bring to mind N káa daak O-sa-S-l-haa~ (Ø event; CV́V Hort/Pot) for S to remind O about N garden; dig a-ka-S-ø-haa~ (na act) for S to garden, dig plant it (using spade); dig it O-ka-S-ø-haa~ (na act) for S to plant O crowd, crowded, gather VII P-t~ O-ya-d-haa~ (Ø motion) for O to move in, come around, crowd at P (of large numbers, esp. people, birds) time for it P-t~ k̲u-ø-haa~ (ø motion) for the time to come for P gather it; pick it up; take it up O-ya-S-s-haa~ (ø act; CV́V Imp/Hort/Pot) for S to gather up, pick up, take up O have a turn N ée-t~ k̲u-ø-haa~ (ø motion) for N to have a turn hungry (make him/her hungry) N ée-t~ yaan-->O-S-s-haa~ (Ø motion) for S to make N hungry hungry N ée-t~ yaan ø-haa~ (ø motion) for N to be hungry dig it up kei O-ka-S-ø-haa~ (ø motion) for S to dig O up injure oneself sh tóo a-sha-S-d-l-háa (Ø event) for S to injure oneself obvious; clearly visible tlél ga-u-ø-háa (ga state) for something to be obvious, clearly visible want (often with strong feeling); decide, be decided about, intend to; agree to, be willing to (yéi) O-sa-S-ø-haa~ (na state) for S to want O (a certain way); for S to be decided about O; for S to agree to O |
dip:cook herring eggs by dipping briefly in boiling water and oil O-ka-S-sh-x̲'áal'~ (Ø event; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for S to cook O (herring eggs) by dipping in boiling water and oil |
dirty:soil it, get it dirty O-S-l-ch'éix̲'w~ (ø event) for S to dirty, soil O (esp. clothing or person) dirty (on surface) O-l-ch'éix̲'w~ (ø event) for O to be dirty |
disagree:tell, report about it; witness, testify about it O-ka-S-ø-neek~ (na act) for S to tell about, report about, give facts about O; for S to witness to, tell about, testify about O tell the story of it; talk into it O-ka-S-l-neek (na act) for S to tell the story of O; for S to talk into O explain it (N een) k̲unáax̲ daak O-ka-S-ø-neek~ (Ø act) for S to explain O (to N) tell on, inform on, betray (secret) kei O-ka-S-ø-neek~ (Ø motion) for S to tell on, inform on, betray O tell a story, narrate; preach sh ka-S-d-l-neek (na act) for S to preach, narrate, tell a story |
disappoint:break it (usually fairly fragile objects) O-ka-S-ø-wáal'~ (Ø event) for S to break O break his/her heart N toowú O-ka-S-l-wáal'~ (Ø event) for S to break N's heart, hurt N's feelings disappointed (lit. one's feelings are boken) N toowú ka-ø-wáal'~ (Ø event) for N to be disappointed break (usually fairly fragile objects) ka-ø-wáal'~ (Ø event) for something to break |
disappoint:break it (usually fairly fragile objects) O-ka-S-ø-wáal'~ (Ø event) for S to break O break his/her heart N toowú O-ka-S-l-wáal'~ (Ø event) for S to break N's heart, hurt N's feelings disappointed (lit. one's feelings are boken) N toowú ka-ø-wáal'~ (Ø event) for N to be disappointed break (usually fairly fragile objects) ka-ø-wáal'~ (Ø event) for something to break |
disappointed:disappoint him/her (lit. sting his/her mind) N toowú O-S-l-t'ooch~ (Ø event) for S to disappoint N (lit. for S to sting N's mind) disappointed (lit. mind is stinging) N toowú l-t'ooch~ (Ø event) for N to be disappointed (lit. for N's mind to be stinging) sting, be burning (from medicine) l-t'ooch~ (Ø event) for medicine to sting, burn |
discolored:bruised; discolored; colored O-ka-d-yéis'~ (ø event) for O to be colored, discolored, bruised |
distant:far, distant (that far, distant) (yéi) ka-u-ø-lei~ (na state) for something to be (so) far, distant (in time or space) |
dive:dive into the water; slap tail down hard as going down in water (esp. of killerwhale and beaver) a-d-sh-t'aakw~ (Ø event) for something to dive into the water; for something to slap tail down hard as going down in water (esp. of killerwhale and beaver) |
dizzy:sift it O-ka-S-l-g̲áat~ (Ø act) for S to sift O sprinkle it, scatter it carefully O-ka-S-l-g̲átch (na act) for S to sprinkle, scatter O carefully wander, wander around trying to find the way P-t yaa k̲u-S-d-l-g̲áat (na motion) for S to wander around at P; for S to wander around at P trying to find the way trap it, catch it in trap (deadfall or other, but not fishtrap) O-S-d-s-g̲aat~ (Ø event) for S to trap, catch O in trap (deadfall or other, but not fishtrap) dizzy (be dizzy) N daa yaa k̲u-ø-g̲áat~ (Ø event) for N to be dizzy dizzy (make him/her dizzy) N daa yaa k̲u-S-l-g̲áat~ (Ø event) for S to make N dizzy forget him/her/it yaa O-k̲u-S-l-g̲áat~ (Ø event) for S to forget O |
do:violate, break a law; do something wrong at géit~ S-d-s-geet~ (ø event) for S to violate, break (law or custom), to do something wrong |
do:carry them, take them (plural objects) IX P-dáx̲ yéi O-S-s-neiʰ~ (ga motion) for S to pick up, lift up, take (plural) O (objects) up off of P discipline, restrain, restrict, warn not to do, prevent from doing O-ya-u-S-ø-nei~ (g̲a act) for S to discipline, restrain, restrict, warn or prevent O from doing something get revenge, get even with him/her chush yáa O-S-d-s-neiʰ~ (na event) for S to get revenge, get even with O give, take, hand them to him/her (of plural objects) N jee-t~ yéi O-S-s-neiʰ~ (ø motion) for S to give, take, hand (plural) O to N demonstrate, show how to do it; perform it N wak̲shiyeex' yéi O-S-s-neiʰ~ (na event) for S to demonstrate, perform publicly, show N how to do O by action accident (have an accident); get hurt; happen (something bad to him/her) k̲áakw-t~ O-ø-neiʰ~ (ø motion) for O to have an accident, get hurt; for something bad to happen to O straighten it out; smooth it over wooch yáx̲ O-S-s-neiʰ~ (na event) for S to straighten out O, smooth O over (literal or abstract) finish it yan~ O-S-s-neiʰ~ (ø motion) for S to finish, complete O dressed up yan~ sh S-d-s-neiʰ~ (ø event) for S to dress up ready, complete, finished; permanent yan~ O-ø-neiʰ~ (ø motion) for O to be permanent, happen for good; for O to be finished, complete, ready; for O to be prepared, ready put them down, leave them (plural round, spherical objects) yan~ yéi O-ka-S-s-neiʰ~ (ø motion) for S to put down, leave O (plural round objects) work on it; do it (yéi) O-daa-S-ø-neiʰ~ (na act) for S to do, perform O (a particular action); for S to work on O happen (yéi) at ø-neiʰ (na event) for something to happen fix it; cause that to happen to it; do that to it (yéi) O-S-s-neiʰ~ (na event) for S to do (that) to O; for S to fix, cause (that) to happen to O work; do yéi ji-S-ø-neiʰ~ (na act) for S to work; for S to do happen, occur to him/her/it (yéi) O-ø-neiʰ (na event) for (that) to happen, occur to O |
dominate:dominate (try to dominate) or trounce, attempt to overpower (like brown bear) N een sh ka-S-d-l-xoots~ (Ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to try to dominate or trounce or attempt to overpower N (like a brown bear) |
donate:donate it; load it (gun); shoot it (basketball) O-ka-S-ø-g̲éex' (na event) for S to donate O (esp. money); for S to load O (gun), put bullet in; for S to shoot O (basketball) contribute to it; donate to it; add to it P-t~ ka-S-d-g̲éex'~ (ø motion) for S to donate, contribute, add to P contribute, donate ka-S-d-g̲éex'~ (na event) for S to donate, contribute throw it up in the air (esp. ball) I kei O-ka-S-ø-g̲éex'~ (ø motion) for S to throw O (esp. ball) up in the air lose it k̲ut O-S-ø-g̲éex'~ (ga motion) for S to lose O lose it (round, spherical object) k̲ut O-ka-S-ø-g̲éex'~ (ga motion) for S to lose O (round, spherical object) |
drag:drag it; pull it VII P-dáx̲ O-S-s-xáat'~ (na motion) for S to drag, pull O (esp. heavy object or limp object such as dead animal) away from P; for S to haul, transport O (by non-motor power) away from P |
drag:drag him/her; pull him/her VII P-dé O-S-ø-x̲óot'~ (na motion) for S to drag, pull O (esp. person) to P; for S to pull O in quick movements to P drag, pull it there; haul, transport it there (by motor power) P-dé O-S-s-x̲óot'~ (na motion) for S to drag, pull O to P; for S to haul, transport O (by motor power) to P sportfish, cast sha-S-d-l-x̲óot' (na act) for S to fish with rod, sportfish, cast |
drain:strain, filter it; drain it off O-ka-S-l-chaa~ (ø act) for S to strain, filter, drain off O |
drain:drain out, go dry (of kettle or other container) ka-l-koox~ (na event) for a kettle, container etc. to drain out, go dry thirsty; dry O-sha-ø-koox~ (ø event) for O to be thirsty; for O to be dry |
dress:dress up, smarten up, make an effort to look different sh ka-S-d-j-g̲eiy (Ø event) for S to dress up, smarten up, make an effort to look different |
dress:live (at a place) k̲u-S-ø-.oo~ (na state) for S to live, live at, dwell permanently put them, leave them there P-x' yéi O-S-ø-.oo (na event) for S to put, leave (plural) O at P pregnant, have a baby atk'átsk'u/yát(k') O-S-ø-.oo (na event) for S to have O (baby), be pregnant with O (baby) own, possess, have O-S-ø-.oo (na state) for S to own, possess, have O forgive, excuse him/her ch'a aadé yéi O-S-ø-.oo (na event) for S to forgive, excuse O dress him/her/it N náa yéi sha-S-ø-.oo (na act) for S to dress N frustrate him/her N toowú x̲'ool yáx̲ O-S-ø-.oo (na state; CV́V Imperfective) for S to frustrate N get dressed náa(x') yéi sha-S-d-.oo (na act) for S to get dressed angry, mean x'áan a-S-ø-.oo (na state; CV́V Imperfective) for S to be angry, mean wear it; use it yéi O-S-ø-.oo (na state) for S to wear, put on, dress in O; for S to use O |
dress up:carry them, take them (plural objects) IX P-dáx̲ yéi O-S-s-neiʰ~ (ga motion) for S to pick up, lift up, take (plural) O (objects) up off of P discipline, restrain, restrict, warn not to do, prevent from doing O-ya-u-S-ø-nei~ (g̲a act) for S to discipline, restrain, restrict, warn or prevent O from doing something get revenge, get even with him/her chush yáa O-S-d-s-neiʰ~ (na event) for S to get revenge, get even with O give, take, hand them to him/her (of plural objects) N jee-t~ yéi O-S-s-neiʰ~ (ø motion) for S to give, take, hand (plural) O to N demonstrate, show how to do it; perform it N wak̲shiyeex' yéi O-S-s-neiʰ~ (na event) for S to demonstrate, perform publicly, show N how to do O by action accident (have an accident); get hurt; happen (something bad to him/her) k̲áakw-t~ O-ø-neiʰ~ (ø motion) for O to have an accident, get hurt; for something bad to happen to O straighten it out; smooth it over wooch yáx̲ O-S-s-neiʰ~ (na event) for S to straighten out O, smooth O over (literal or abstract) finish it yan~ O-S-s-neiʰ~ (ø motion) for S to finish, complete O dressed up yan~ sh S-d-s-neiʰ~ (ø event) for S to dress up ready, complete, finished; permanent yan~ O-ø-neiʰ~ (ø motion) for O to be permanent, happen for good; for O to be finished, complete, ready; for O to be prepared, ready put them down, leave them (plural round, spherical objects) yan~ yéi O-ka-S-s-neiʰ~ (ø motion) for S to put down, leave O (plural round objects) work on it; do it (yéi) O-daa-S-ø-neiʰ~ (na act) for S to do, perform O (a particular action); for S to work on O happen (yéi) at ø-neiʰ (na event) for something to happen fix it; cause that to happen to it; do that to it (yéi) O-S-s-neiʰ~ (na event) for S to do (that) to O; for S to fix, cause (that) to happen to O work; do yéi ji-S-ø-neiʰ~ (na act) for S to work; for S to do happen, occur to him/her/it (yéi) O-ø-neiʰ (na event) for (that) to happen, occur to O |
drift:float, drift VII P-t O-l-haash~ (na motion) for O to float, drift around at P drift, float to it P-t~ O-l-haash~ (ø motion) for O to float, drift to P float, drift out to sea I daak O-l-haash~ (ø motion) for O to float, drift out to sea |
drill:drill it, bore hole in it O-S-ø-tool~ (Ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to drill, bore hole in O drill it; spin it (make it spin) O-ka-S-l-tool~ (na event) for S to make O spin; for S to drill O spin it O-ka-S-l-tool~ (na event) for S to spin O, make O spin roll up (anything flat and flexible) O-ka-S-l-tool~ (Ø act) for S to roll up O (anything flat and flexible) spin (top, etc.) ø-tool~ (Ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for something (top, etc.) to spin |
drink:drink in sips, sip (esp. hot liquids) O-S-ø-look~ (Ø act) for S to drink O in sips, sip O (esp. hot liquids) |
drink:drink at S-d-naa~ (ø act) for S to drink drink it O-S-d-naa~ (ø act) for S to drink O |
drink:drink by sucking, drink through a straw O-S-ø-s'eek̲~ (Ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to drink O by sucking; for S to drink O through a straw |
drip:drip, leak (at fairly fast rate) ka-l-x'áas (ø event) for something to drip, leak (at fairly fast rate) |
drop:fall on it (of small, compact object) IX ø-xeex~ (g̲a motion) for an object (usually small, compact) to fall fall, drop through it IX P-náx̲ ka-ø-xeex~ (g̲a motion) for something (usually a round object) to fall, drop through P hit it, fall against it, drop into it (esp. round object) P-t~ ka-ø-xeex~ (ø motion) for something (usually a round , spherical object such as a bullet, ball) to hit, fall against, drop into P blow there (esp. of strong wind) II P-t~ ø-xeex~ (Ø motion) for a strong wind to blow at P fall, drop on it; hit it (of bullet); spread, go around (of rumor or news) P-t~ ø-xeex~ (ø motion) for something to fall or drop on P; for a bullet to hit P; for a rumor, news to spread, go around at P fall around (esp. of object inside container); wobbly VII P-t ø-xeex~ (na motion) for something to fall around at P (esp. inside a container) run (singular subject) II P-t~ S-j-xeex~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to run to P, arrive at P by running move through the sky (sun, moon); fall, drop (of small object) I daak ø-xeex~ (Ø motion) for the sun, moon to come out; for something (esp. a small, compact object) to fall, drop run out of something N jeet~ shu-ø-xeex~ (ø event) for N to run out of something stuck in one's throat; choke N leitóox̲-t~ ø-xeex (Ø motion) for something to be stuck in N's throat; for N to choke on something worry him/her N tóot ø-xeex~ (na event) for something to worry N; for N to have something constantly on the mind run (singular subject) III g̲unéi S-j-xeex~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to begin running rise (of sun or moon) kei ø-xeex~ (ø motion) for the sun, moon to rise run (singular subject) VIII k̲ut S-j-xeex~ (ga motion) for (singular) S to run away end; used up shu-ø-xeex~ (na event) for something to end, come to an end, pass; for something to be used up (of supplies, etc.) run (singular subject) VII P-dé S-j-xeex~ (na motion) for (singular) S to run toward P happen, occur, take place ya-ø-xeex~ (na event) for something to take place, occur, happen set (of sun, moon) yínde ø-xeex~ (na motion) for the sun, moon to set blow (esp. of strong wind) VII ø-xeex~ (na motion) for the wind to blow |
dry:drain out, go dry (of kettle or other container) ka-l-koox~ (na event) for a kettle, container etc. to drain out, go dry thirsty; dry O-sha-ø-koox~ (ø event) for O to be thirsty; for O to be dry |
dry:dry it O-S-s-xook~ (Ø act) for S to dry O (by any method) dry ø-xook~ (ø event) for something to be dry, dried |
dry:dry fish, meat at S-ø-x̲'aan~ (ø act) for S to dry (fish, meat) over fire, smoke lightly |
dull:dull, blunt ya-d-g̲éel~ (ø event) for an edge to be blunt, dull |
dump:pour it out; dump it out P-dé O-ka-S-ø-xaa~ (na motion) for S to pour O into P, pour O out at P; for S to dump, empty O in one mass (by turning over container) at P pour it P-dé O-ya-S-s-xaa~ (na motion) for S to pour O on/in P pour it, dump it II P-t~ O-ka-S-s-xaa~ (ø motion) for S to pour, dump, empty O at P |
dye:dye it; stain it; color it O-ka-S-l-séik̲'w~ (ø act; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for S to stain, dye, color the surface of O stained, dyed, colored O-ka-d-séik̲'w~ (ø event) for O to be stained, dyed, colored dye, color, stain (face, hair, etc.); put on one's makeup ya-ka-S-d-l-séik̲'w~ (ø act; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for S to put on makeup |
eat:eat it O-S-ø-x̲aa~ (ø act) for S to eat O eat at S-ø-x̲aa~ (ø act) for S to eat eat it up; consume it yax̲ O-ya-S-s-x̲aa~ (ø event) for S to eat up, finish, consume O (eating lots of pieces) |
end:put it out (fire); turn it off (light) O-ya-ka-S-l-kées'~ (ø event) for S to put out, extinguish O (fire); for S to turn off O (light) hoarse (make him/her have hoarse, scratchy voice) N satú --> O-ka-S-l-kées'~ (Ø event; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for S to make N have hoarse, scratchy voice hoarse (have hoarse or scratchy voice), have a tickle in the throat N satú / N leitóox̲ ka-Ø-kées'~ (Ø event; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for N's voice to be hoarse, scratchy (with N satú); for N to have a tickle in the throat (with N leitóox̲) go out (of fire, light) ya-ka-l-kées'~ (ø event) for a fire, light to go out end, pass (of month) (ya-)ka-ø-kées'~ (Ø event; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for a month to end, pass |
end:think over, consider, make up one's mind about (singular subject) N daa yoo tu-S-ø-taan~ (ø act) for (singular) S to think over, consider, make up one's mind about N change one's mind; think it over and reconsider, be converted (singular subject) N daatx̲ k̲ux̲ tu-S-d-taan~ (Ø motion) for (singular) S to change mind about N; for (singular) S to think over and reconsider N wash over it (of waves) V N kanax̲ ji-ya-s-taan~ (Ø motion; CV́C Hort/Pot) for waves to wash over N cover it (esp. pot) with something at S-ø-taan~ (g̲a event) for S to cover (esp. pot, etc.), put on lid carry it, take it (container or hollow object) VIII O-S-ø-taan~ (ga motion) for S to carry, take O (usually a container or hollow object) bend it (long, simple object) O-ka-S-taan~ (na event) for S to bend O (usually long, simple object) over like to do it; in the habit of doing it O-ka-u-S-sh-tán (ga state) for S to be in habit of doing O; for S to do O frequently because S enjoys doing it carry it, take it (container or hollow object) II P-t~ O-S-ø-taan~ (ø motion) for S to carry, take O (usually a hollow object) to P extend to it; end there P-t shu-ka-ø-tán (position) for something to extend to, end at P sit there (of container or hollow object) P-t ø-tán (position) for a container or hollow object to sit at P precipitate (rain, snow, etc) daak s-taan~ (ø event) for rain, snow to fall speak, talk to him/her (singular subject) N ée-t~ x̲'a-S-ø-taan~ (ø motion) for S to speak, talk to N call him/her on the phone VII N jeedé x̲'a-S-d-taan~ (na motion) for (singular) S to call N on telephone give, take, hand it to him/her (long, complex object) N jee-t~ O-S-s-taan~ (ø motion) for S to give, take, hand O (usually long, complex object) to N call him/her on the phone II N jee-t~ x̲'a-S-d-taan~ (ø motion) for S to call N on telephone put trust in, rely on, have faith in N káa yan tu-S-ø-taan~ (Ø motion) for S to put trust in, rely on, have faith in N rough (of ocean) ji-s-taan~ (na event) for the ocean to be rough bring it out, unearth it; pick it up (usually long, complex object) kei O-S-s-taan~ (ø motion) for S to bring out, unearth O (usually long, complex object)(esp. from a box or other container or place which O is kept); for S to pick up, lift up O raise one's hand I kei ji-S-s-taan~ (Ø motion) for S to raise a hand speak, talk, make speech (singular subject) x̲'a-S-d-taan~ (na event) for (singular) S to speak, talk, make a speech put it down (small, stick-like object) yan O-ka-S-s-taan~ (ø motion) for S to put down, lay down, leave, place O (usually quite small, stick-like object) put it down, leave it (long, complex object) yan O-S-s-taan~ (ø motion) for S to put down, lay down, leave, place O (usually long, complex object) hit, reach the beach (of waves) yan ji-s-taan~ (Ø motion) for waves to hit, reach the beach lower one's hand yan~ ji-S-s-taan~ (Ø motion) for S to lower a hand stop speaking, stop talking (singular subject) II yan~ x̲'a-S-d-taan~ (Ø motion) for (singular) S to stop talking bent yóo ka-ø-tán (position) for something to be bent speak to, talk to (singular subject) yoo x̲'a-S-ø-taan~ (ø act) for (singular) S to speak to, talk to bend over, lean down (singular subject) yínde sh ka-S-d-taan~ (na motion) for (singular) S to bend over, lean down decide, make up one's mind; feel, think (a certain way) (yéi) tu-S-d-taan~ (na event) for (singular) S to decide, make up one's mind (that way) |
end:fall on it (of small, compact object) IX ø-xeex~ (g̲a motion) for an object (usually small, compact) to fall fall, drop through it IX P-náx̲ ka-ø-xeex~ (g̲a motion) for something (usually a round object) to fall, drop through P hit it, fall against it, drop into it (esp. round object) P-t~ ka-ø-xeex~ (ø motion) for something (usually a round , spherical object such as a bullet, ball) to hit, fall against, drop into P blow there (esp. of strong wind) II P-t~ ø-xeex~ (Ø motion) for a strong wind to blow at P fall, drop on it; hit it (of bullet); spread, go around (of rumor or news) P-t~ ø-xeex~ (ø motion) for something to fall or drop on P; for a bullet to hit P; for a rumor, news to spread, go around at P fall around (esp. of object inside container); wobbly VII P-t ø-xeex~ (na motion) for something to fall around at P (esp. inside a container) run (singular subject) II P-t~ S-j-xeex~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to run to P, arrive at P by running move through the sky (sun, moon); fall, drop (of small object) I daak ø-xeex~ (Ø motion) for the sun, moon to come out; for something (esp. a small, compact object) to fall, drop run out of something N jeet~ shu-ø-xeex~ (ø event) for N to run out of something stuck in one's throat; choke N leitóox̲-t~ ø-xeex (Ø motion) for something to be stuck in N's throat; for N to choke on something worry him/her N tóot ø-xeex~ (na event) for something to worry N; for N to have something constantly on the mind run (singular subject) III g̲unéi S-j-xeex~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to begin running rise (of sun or moon) kei ø-xeex~ (ø motion) for the sun, moon to rise run (singular subject) VIII k̲ut S-j-xeex~ (ga motion) for (singular) S to run away end; used up shu-ø-xeex~ (na event) for something to end, come to an end, pass; for something to be used up (of supplies, etc.) run (singular subject) VII P-dé S-j-xeex~ (na motion) for (singular) S to run toward P happen, occur, take place ya-ø-xeex~ (na event) for something to take place, occur, happen set (of sun, moon) yínde ø-xeex~ (na motion) for the sun, moon to set blow (esp. of strong wind) VII ø-xeex~ (na motion) for the wind to blow |
end:fall, drop on it (of solid, hard object) N-t~ j-x̲een~ (ø motion) for a hard, solid object to fall, drop open (be open, of season, show) V N-x̲'éidáx̲ shu-ya-u-d-sh-x̲een~ (Ø motion) for N (season, show, etc.) to be open end, close, finish (of season, show, etc.) II yan~ shu-d-sh-x̲een~ (Ø motion) for a season, show, etc. to come to an end, close, finish spill (of liquid) III yax̲ ka-d-sh-x̲een~ (Ø motion) |
entice:entice, call or bring to oneself (esp. child or wild animal) II tóo-t~ O-ka-S-l-dootl~ (Ø motion) for S to entice, call, or bring O to oneself (esp. child or wild animal) |
examine:examine, inspect it; judge, assess it N daa ya-S-d-s-.aa~ (na act) for S to examine, inspect, look into, judge, assess N kiss him/her N x̲'éi-t~ ya-S-d-s-.aa~ (ø motion) for S to kiss N |
exert:exert one's full strength on it; concentrate on it O-S-ø-xeech~ (ø event) for S to exert one's full strength on, strive for O; for S to concentrate on, put effort into O |
expect:carry it, take it (general, often compact object) IX P-dáx̲ O-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ga motion) for S to pick O up off of P carry it, take it (general, often compact object) VII P-dé O-S-ø-teeʰ~ (na motion) for S to carry, take O (general, often compact object) to P anticipate, forsee; expect, consider likely to happen or arrive O-shu-S-s-teeʰ~ (na state) for S to anticipate, forsee, expect O; for S to consider O likely to happen or arrive postpone it O-shu-ka-S-ø-teeʰ~ (na event) for S to postpone O expect him/her/it; anticipate it O-shu-S-s-teeʰ~ (na state) for S to anticipate, foresee O; for S to expect, consider O likely to happen or arrive carry it, take it (solid, complex object) VII P-dé O-S-s-teeʰ~ (na motion) for S to carry, take O (solid, often complex object) to P carry it, take it (solid, complex object) IX O-S-s-teeʰ~ (ga motion) for S to carry, take O (solid, often complex object) install it there, hang it there P-x̲ O-S-ø-teeʰ~ (g̲a motion) for S to install, hang, place O at P hang it up there (esp. to dry) P-x̲ O-sha-ya-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to hang up O at P (esp. to dry) stormy, rough (of weather) a-ya-d-teeʰ~ (g̲a event) for the weather to be stormy, rough give, take, hand it to him/her (round, spherical object) N jee-t~ O-ka-S-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to give, take, hand O (round object) to N blame it on him/her; bring it (shame, joy) onto him/her P-t~ O-shu-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to bring O (abstract, esp. shame, blame, joy) onto P feed it to him/her/it; give it to him/her/it to eat N x̲'éix̲ O-S-ø-teeʰ~ (na event) for S to feed O to N; for S to give O to N to eat feed him/her/it N x̲'éix̲ at S-ø-teeʰ~ (na event) for S to feed N, give food to N (for immediate consumption) baptize him/her héen-t~ O-ya-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to baptize, immerse (singular) O in water or pour water upon O as a religious rite put it on (shirt, dress, etc.) káx̲ O-S-d-teeʰ~ (g̲a event) for S to put on O (shirt, dress, etc.) bring it out, unearth it; pick it up (general, often compact object) kei O-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ø motion) or S to bring out, unearth O (general, often compact object)(esp. from a box or other container or place which O is kept); for S to pick up, lift up O put it down, leave it (round, spherical object) yan O-ka-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to put down, lay down, leave, place O (round object) put it down (solid, often complex object) yan O-S-s-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to put down, lay down, leave, place O (solid, often complex object) |
explain:tell, report about it; witness, testify about it O-ka-S-ø-neek~ (na act) for S to tell about, report about, give facts about O; for S to witness to, tell about, testify about O tell the story of it; talk into it O-ka-S-l-neek (na act) for S to tell the story of O; for S to talk into O explain it (N een) k̲unáax̲ daak O-ka-S-ø-neek~ (Ø act) for S to explain O (to N) tell on, inform on, betray (secret) kei O-ka-S-ø-neek~ (Ø motion) for S to tell on, inform on, betray O tell a story, narrate; preach sh ka-S-d-l-neek (na act) for S to preach, narrate, tell a story |
explode:explode, blow up kei sh-tóok~ (ø event) for something to explode, blow up |
extend:extend up there (esp. of road) I P-x̲ kei l-shoo~ (Ø motion) for a complex object (esp. road) to extend up to P extend around it (esp. road) V P-x̲ ya-u-ø-shoo~ (Ø motion) for a slender item (esp. road) to extend around, along P |
fair-skinned:fair-skinned, fair complexioned O-d-l-wóo (Ø state) for O to be fair-skinned, fair complexioned powder one's face ya-ka-S-d-l-wóo (Ø act) for S to powder one's face |
fall:fall into it P-dé O-d-s-geet~ (na motion) for O (live creature) to fall into P fall, trip P-náx̲ yei O-d-s-geet~ (ø motion) for O (live creature) to fall down, trip over P fall into, against it P-t~ O-d-s-geet~ (ø motion) for O (live creature) to fall into, against P fall (esp. off of something) daak O-d-s-geet~ (ø motion) for O to fall (esp. off of something) wake him/her up; rouse him/her from sleep kei O-S-s-geet~ (ø motion) for S to wake O up, rouse O from sleep wake up kei O-s-geet~ (ø motion) for O to wake up lost k̲ut O-d-s-geet~ (ga motion) for O to lose oneself, be lost, usure of one's location |
fall:fall on it (of small, compact object) IX ø-xeex~ (g̲a motion) for an object (usually small, compact) to fall fall, drop through it IX P-náx̲ ka-ø-xeex~ (g̲a motion) for something (usually a round object) to fall, drop through P hit it, fall against it, drop into it (esp. round object) P-t~ ka-ø-xeex~ (ø motion) for something (usually a round , spherical object such as a bullet, ball) to hit, fall against, drop into P blow there (esp. of strong wind) II P-t~ ø-xeex~ (Ø motion) for a strong wind to blow at P fall, drop on it; hit it (of bullet); spread, go around (of rumor or news) P-t~ ø-xeex~ (ø motion) for something to fall or drop on P; for a bullet to hit P; for a rumor, news to spread, go around at P fall around (esp. of object inside container); wobbly VII P-t ø-xeex~ (na motion) for something to fall around at P (esp. inside a container) run (singular subject) II P-t~ S-j-xeex~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to run to P, arrive at P by running move through the sky (sun, moon); fall, drop (of small object) I daak ø-xeex~ (Ø motion) for the sun, moon to come out; for something (esp. a small, compact object) to fall, drop run out of something N jeet~ shu-ø-xeex~ (ø event) for N to run out of something stuck in one's throat; choke N leitóox̲-t~ ø-xeex (Ø motion) for something to be stuck in N's throat; for N to choke on something worry him/her N tóot ø-xeex~ (na event) for something to worry N; for N to have something constantly on the mind run (singular subject) III g̲unéi S-j-xeex~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to begin running rise (of sun or moon) kei ø-xeex~ (ø motion) for the sun, moon to rise run (singular subject) VIII k̲ut S-j-xeex~ (ga motion) for (singular) S to run away end; used up shu-ø-xeex~ (na event) for something to end, come to an end, pass; for something to be used up (of supplies, etc.) run (singular subject) VII P-dé S-j-xeex~ (na motion) for (singular) S to run toward P happen, occur, take place ya-ø-xeex~ (na event) for something to take place, occur, happen set (of sun, moon) yínde ø-xeex~ (na motion) for the sun, moon to set blow (esp. of strong wind) VII ø-xeex~ (na motion) for the wind to blow |
fall:fall, drop on it (of solid, hard object) N-t~ j-x̲een~ (ø motion) for a hard, solid object to fall, drop open (be open, of season, show) V N-x̲'éidáx̲ shu-ya-u-d-sh-x̲een~ (Ø motion) for N (season, show, etc.) to be open end, close, finish (of season, show, etc.) II yan~ shu-d-sh-x̲een~ (Ø motion) for a season, show, etc. to come to an end, close, finish spill (of liquid) III yax̲ ka-d-sh-x̲een~ (Ø motion) |
fancy:proud, pleased N toowú ka-l-g̲éi (ga state) for N to be proud of, highly pleased with fancy, prominent, conspicuous, attracting attention O-ka-l-g̲éi (ga state) for O to be fancy, prominent (esp. in appearance), conspicuous, attracting attention proud (esp. of oneself), conceited; particular, picky sh tu-ka-S-d-l-g̲éi (ga state) for S to be proud (esp. of oneself), conceited; for S to be particular, picky, snooty pretty, cute O-sha-ka-l-g̲éi (ga state) for O to be pretty, cute |
far:far, distant (that far, distant) (yéi) ka-u-ø-lei~ (na state) for something to be (so) far, distant (in time or space) |
fascinating:sight to behold; fascinating to watch ka-u-l-tées'shán (ga state) for something to be fascinating to watch, to be a wonderful sight |
fast1:fast (at doing things) O-ø-sátk (ga state) for O to be fast (at doing things) |
fat:fat; gain weight O-d-l-neitl~ (Ø event) for O to gain weight; for O to get fat |
fear:afraid of it, fear it P-x' a-ka-u-S-d-l-x̲éitl' (ga state) for S to be afraid of, fear P |
feel:think over, consider, make up one's mind about (singular subject) N daa yoo tu-S-ø-taan~ (ø act) for (singular) S to think over, consider, make up one's mind about N change one's mind; think it over and reconsider, be converted (singular subject) N daatx̲ k̲ux̲ tu-S-d-taan~ (Ø motion) for (singular) S to change mind about N; for (singular) S to think over and reconsider N wash over it (of waves) V N kanax̲ ji-ya-s-taan~ (Ø motion; CV́C Hort/Pot) for waves to wash over N cover it (esp. pot) with something at S-ø-taan~ (g̲a event) for S to cover (esp. pot, etc.), put on lid carry it, take it (container or hollow object) VIII O-S-ø-taan~ (ga motion) for S to carry, take O (usually a container or hollow object) bend it (long, simple object) O-ka-S-taan~ (na event) for S to bend O (usually long, simple object) over like to do it; in the habit of doing it O-ka-u-S-sh-tán (ga state) for S to be in habit of doing O; for S to do O frequently because S enjoys doing it carry it, take it (container or hollow object) II P-t~ O-S-ø-taan~ (ø motion) for S to carry, take O (usually a hollow object) to P extend to it; end there P-t shu-ka-ø-tán (position) for something to extend to, end at P sit there (of container or hollow object) P-t ø-tán (position) for a container or hollow object to sit at P precipitate (rain, snow, etc) daak s-taan~ (ø event) for rain, snow to fall speak, talk to him/her (singular subject) N ée-t~ x̲'a-S-ø-taan~ (ø motion) for S to speak, talk to N call him/her on the phone VII N jeedé x̲'a-S-d-taan~ (na motion) for (singular) S to call N on telephone give, take, hand it to him/her (long, complex object) N jee-t~ O-S-s-taan~ (ø motion) for S to give, take, hand O (usually long, complex object) to N call him/her on the phone II N jee-t~ x̲'a-S-d-taan~ (ø motion) for S to call N on telephone put trust in, rely on, have faith in N káa yan tu-S-ø-taan~ (Ø motion) for S to put trust in, rely on, have faith in N rough (of ocean) ji-s-taan~ (na event) for the ocean to be rough bring it out, unearth it; pick it up (usually long, complex object) kei O-S-s-taan~ (ø motion) for S to bring out, unearth O (usually long, complex object)(esp. from a box or other container or place which O is kept); for S to pick up, lift up O raise one's hand I kei ji-S-s-taan~ (Ø motion) for S to raise a hand speak, talk, make speech (singular subject) x̲'a-S-d-taan~ (na event) for (singular) S to speak, talk, make a speech put it down (small, stick-like object) yan O-ka-S-s-taan~ (ø motion) for S to put down, lay down, leave, place O (usually quite small, stick-like object) put it down, leave it (long, complex object) yan O-S-s-taan~ (ø motion) for S to put down, lay down, leave, place O (usually long, complex object) hit, reach the beach (of waves) yan ji-s-taan~ (Ø motion) for waves to hit, reach the beach lower one's hand yan~ ji-S-s-taan~ (Ø motion) for S to lower a hand stop speaking, stop talking (singular subject) II yan~ x̲'a-S-d-taan~ (Ø motion) for (singular) S to stop talking bent yóo ka-ø-tán (position) for something to be bent speak to, talk to (singular subject) yoo x̲'a-S-ø-taan~ (ø act) for (singular) S to speak to, talk to bend over, lean down (singular subject) yínde sh ka-S-d-taan~ (na motion) for (singular) S to bend over, lean down decide, make up one's mind; feel, think (a certain way) (yéi) tu-S-d-taan~ (na event) for (singular) S to decide, make up one's mind (that way) |
feel:care about it; think about it, consider it; have an opinion about it N daa O-tu-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to care about N; for O to think about, consider N; for O to have an opinion about N need, lack, require it N eetéenáx̲ O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to need, lack, require N like, similar to him/her/it N yáx̲ O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be like, similar to N busy N daat át k̲u-d-s-teeʰ~ (g̲a state) for N to be busy, occupied with things appear before him/her; apparent to him/her N wak̲shiyeex' yéi O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to appear to N; for O to be apparent to N born; exist; live O-k̲u-d-s-teeʰ~ (g̲a state) for O to be, be in existence, live; for O to be born grateful, thankful, satisfied sh tóog̲aa O-d-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be grateful, thankful, satisfied still, quiet; stop functioning tleiyéi yéi O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be still, quiet; for O to stop (car, clock, e.g.) be (for the weather to be a certain way) (yéi) k̲u-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for the weather to be (that way) feel like doing, want to do; feel that way (yéi) O-tu-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to want to do, feel like doing (that); for O to feel a certain way be (a certain way) (yéi) O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be (that way) be, stay, remain there; live, dwell there N-x' yéi O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be, stay, remain at N; for O to dwell, live at N be, become P-x̲ O-s-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be P (a member of a group); for O to become P |
fight:fight for, defend N káx̲ k̲u-S-l-gaaw (na act) for S to fight for, defend N loud-voiced O-sa-l-gaaw (ga state) for O to be loud-voiced, noisy in speech fight (N een) k̲u-S-l-gaaw (na act) for S to fight (with N) |
fill:fill it (with solids or abstracts) O-sha-S-l-heek~ (ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to fill O (with solids or abstracts) full O-sha-ø-heek~ (ø event) for O to be filled, be full (general and abstract) finish, complete it yan~ O-sha-S-l-heek~ (ø motion) for S to finish, complete O |
fill:boil it O-S-l-.ook~ (ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to boil O (esp. water) boil d-l-.óok~ (ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for something to boil |
fill:fill it (with liquid) O-sha-S-l-tl'éet'~ (ø event) for S to fill O to overflowing (with liquid) |
filter:strain, filter it; drain it off O-ka-S-l-chaa~ (ø act) for S to strain, filter, drain off O |
find:find it O-S-ø-t'ei (ga event) for S to find O (usually as the result of searching) find it (usually round, spherical object) O-ka-S-ø-t'ei (ga event) for S to find O (usually round, spherical object) |
finish:fill it (with solids or abstracts) O-sha-S-l-heek~ (ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to fill O (with solids or abstracts) full O-sha-ø-heek~ (ø event) for O to be filled, be full (general and abstract) finish, complete it yan~ O-sha-S-l-heek~ (ø motion) for S to finish, complete O |
finish:carry them, take them (plural objects) IX P-dáx̲ yéi O-S-s-neiʰ~ (ga motion) for S to pick up, lift up, take (plural) O (objects) up off of P discipline, restrain, restrict, warn not to do, prevent from doing O-ya-u-S-ø-nei~ (g̲a act) for S to discipline, restrain, restrict, warn or prevent O from doing something get revenge, get even with him/her chush yáa O-S-d-s-neiʰ~ (na event) for S to get revenge, get even with O give, take, hand them to him/her (of plural objects) N jee-t~ yéi O-S-s-neiʰ~ (ø motion) for S to give, take, hand (plural) O to N demonstrate, show how to do it; perform it N wak̲shiyeex' yéi O-S-s-neiʰ~ (na event) for S to demonstrate, perform publicly, show N how to do O by action accident (have an accident); get hurt; happen (something bad to him/her) k̲áakw-t~ O-ø-neiʰ~ (ø motion) for O to have an accident, get hurt; for something bad to happen to O straighten it out; smooth it over wooch yáx̲ O-S-s-neiʰ~ (na event) for S to straighten out O, smooth O over (literal or abstract) finish it yan~ O-S-s-neiʰ~ (ø motion) for S to finish, complete O dressed up yan~ sh S-d-s-neiʰ~ (ø event) for S to dress up ready, complete, finished; permanent yan~ O-ø-neiʰ~ (ø motion) for O to be permanent, happen for good; for O to be finished, complete, ready; for O to be prepared, ready put them down, leave them (plural round, spherical objects) yan~ yéi O-ka-S-s-neiʰ~ (ø motion) for S to put down, leave O (plural round objects) work on it; do it (yéi) O-daa-S-ø-neiʰ~ (na act) for S to do, perform O (a particular action); for S to work on O happen (yéi) at ø-neiʰ (na event) for something to happen fix it; cause that to happen to it; do that to it (yéi) O-S-s-neiʰ~ (na event) for S to do (that) to O; for S to fix, cause (that) to happen to O work; do yéi ji-S-ø-neiʰ~ (na act) for S to work; for S to do happen, occur to him/her/it (yéi) O-ø-neiʰ (na event) for (that) to happen, occur to O |
fire:build a fire shóo-t~ a-S-d-.aak~ (ø event) for S to build a fire (using wood) |
fish:fish (with net); seine a-S-s-g̲eiwú (na act) for S to fish with net, seine |
fish:fish (with hook); troll a-S-d-s-t'eix̲ (na act) for S to fish with hooks, catch on a hook, troll |
fish:drag him/her; pull him/her VII P-dé O-S-ø-x̲óot'~ (na motion) for S to drag, pull O (esp. person) to P; for S to pull O in quick movements to P drag, pull it there; haul, transport it there (by motor power) P-dé O-S-s-x̲óot'~ (na motion) for S to drag, pull O to P; for S to haul, transport O (by motor power) to P sportfish, cast sha-S-d-l-x̲óot' (na act) for S to fish with rod, sportfish, cast |
fix:carry them, take them (plural objects) IX P-dáx̲ yéi O-S-s-neiʰ~ (ga motion) for S to pick up, lift up, take (plural) O (objects) up off of P discipline, restrain, restrict, warn not to do, prevent from doing O-ya-u-S-ø-nei~ (g̲a act) for S to discipline, restrain, restrict, warn or prevent O from doing something get revenge, get even with him/her chush yáa O-S-d-s-neiʰ~ (na event) for S to get revenge, get even with O give, take, hand them to him/her (of plural objects) N jee-t~ yéi O-S-s-neiʰ~ (ø motion) for S to give, take, hand (plural) O to N demonstrate, show how to do it; perform it N wak̲shiyeex' yéi O-S-s-neiʰ~ (na event) for S to demonstrate, perform publicly, show N how to do O by action accident (have an accident); get hurt; happen (something bad to him/her) k̲áakw-t~ O-ø-neiʰ~ (ø motion) for O to have an accident, get hurt; for something bad to happen to O straighten it out; smooth it over wooch yáx̲ O-S-s-neiʰ~ (na event) for S to straighten out O, smooth O over (literal or abstract) finish it yan~ O-S-s-neiʰ~ (ø motion) for S to finish, complete O dressed up yan~ sh S-d-s-neiʰ~ (ø event) for S to dress up ready, complete, finished; permanent yan~ O-ø-neiʰ~ (ø motion) for O to be permanent, happen for good; for O to be finished, complete, ready; for O to be prepared, ready put them down, leave them (plural round, spherical objects) yan~ yéi O-ka-S-s-neiʰ~ (ø motion) for S to put down, leave O (plural round objects) work on it; do it (yéi) O-daa-S-ø-neiʰ~ (na act) for S to do, perform O (a particular action); for S to work on O happen (yéi) at ø-neiʰ (na event) for something to happen fix it; cause that to happen to it; do that to it (yéi) O-S-s-neiʰ~ (na event) for S to do (that) to O; for S to fix, cause (that) to happen to O work; do yéi ji-S-ø-neiʰ~ (na act) for S to work; for S to do happen, occur to him/her/it (yéi) O-ø-neiʰ (na event) for (that) to happen, occur to O |
flee:flee, run from, turn back from (singular subject) (N nák̲) a-ya-S-d-haan~ (na motion) for (singular) S to flee, run, turn back (from N) stand (for singular subject to be standing) S-ø-hán (position) for (singular) S to be standing stand up, rise (singular subject) S-d-haan~ (ga event) for (singular) S to stand up, rise stand (stay standing; stand firm, singular subject) yan~ S-ø-haan~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to keep standing; for (singular) S to stand firm |
flee:chase him/her/it out into the open daak O-l-kéil'~ (ø motion) for S to chase O into the open |
float:float, drift VII P-t O-l-haash~ (na motion) for O to float, drift around at P drift, float to it P-t~ O-l-haash~ (ø motion) for O to float, drift to P float, drift out to sea I daak O-l-haash~ (ø motion) for O to float, drift out to sea |
flow:grow it (plant); turn it on (hose) O-ka-S-s-.aa~ (na act) for S to cause O (plant) to grow; for S to turn on O (hose), cause O to flow celebrate, set apart (a particular day) O-k̲ei-S-s-.aa~ (na event) for S to celebrate O, set apart O (a particular day) grow (of plant); flow, pour forth (of water) ka-ø-.aa~ (na act) for a plant to grow; for a stream of water to flow, pour forth grow (of plant) ka-s-.aa~ (na act) for a plant to grow daylight (become daylight, dawn) k̲ei-ø-.aa (na event) for it to become daylight, dawn run, migrate (of fish) VII ya-ø-.aa~ (na motion) for fish to run, migrate run, migrate (of fish) II P-t~ ya-ø-.aa~ (Ø motion) for fish to run at P |
flow:flow there; flood it (of tide) P-náx̲ ya-ø-daa~ (ø motion) for water, the tide to flow through P; for water, the tide to flood P rise, come in (of tide) daak̲ ø-daa~ (ø motion) for the tide to rise, come in flow (water, blood); run (of nose) VII ka-ø-daa~ (na motion) for water, blood to flow; for a nose to run rise (of water level, tide) kei ø-daa~ (ø motion) for water level, tide to rise bleed, run (of nose) shí N lóot~ ø-daa~ (Ø motion) for N's nose to bleed rise (of water level); flow (of water) II P-t~ ka-ø-daa~ (Ø motion) for water to flow, rise to P |
fly:fly (singular subject) VII P-dé S-d-k̲een~ (na motion) for (singular) S (bird, or persons in a plane) to fly toward P fly (singular subject) II P-t~ S-d-k̲een~ (Ø motion) for S to fly to P (of a bird or persons in a plane) new (of moon) ya-d-s-k̲een~ (Ø event) for the moon to be new |
foggy:foggy (of weather) k̲u-d-gwáas'~ (ø event) for the weather to be foggy |
fold up:roll it (log, barrel, etc.) O-ka-S-l-gwáatl~ (na motion) for S to roll O (log, barrel, etc.) bend limb (arm, leg); fold up (paper, etc.) in loose roll O-ka-S-l-gwaatl~ (Ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to bend O (limb); for S to fold up O (paper, etc.) in a loose roll roll (of spherical object) P-t~ ka-ø-gwáatl~ (ø motion) for a spherical object to roll to P astonished, flabbergasted, be left open-mouthed O-k̲'a-d-gwáatl~ (Ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for O to be astonished, flabbergasted, left open-mouthed capsize, overturn (of canoe, boat) III áa yax̲ ø-gwáatl~ (Ø motion) for a boat to capsize, overturn rock, roll it (canoe, boat) P-t O-ka-ka-S-l-gwáatl~ (na motion) for S to rock, roll O (boat) at P rock, roll (of canoe, boat) P-t ka-ka-ø-gwáatl~ (na motion) for a canoe, boat to rock, roll around |
follow:follow him/her/it (singular subject) IX N ítx̲ yaa S-ø-goot~ (ga motion) for (singular) S to follow N (on foot) appoint, choose for a certain position (singular object) I a tóo daak O-S-s-goot~ (Ø motion) for S to appoint (singular) O, choose O for a certain position go on foot (singular subject) II P-t~ S-ø-goot~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to arrive at P, go to P (by walking or as general term) go on foot (singular subject) IX P-x̲ S-ø-goot~ (g̲a motion) for (singular) S to walk, go (by walking or as a general term) down along P go on foot (singular subject) V N jikaadáx̲ ya-u-S-ø-goot~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to get out of N's way go on foot (singular subject) VI a-ya-u-S-d-goot~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to turn back, go back (by walking or as general term) go on foot (singular subject) III gági S-ø-goot~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to emerge, walk out into the open go to the bathroom (singular subject) VII gánde S-ø-goot~ (na motion) for (singular) S to go to the bathroom go on foot (singular subject) I kei S-ø-goot~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to walk, go up (by walking or as general term) go on foot (singular subject) VIII k̲ut S-ø-goot~ (ga motion) for (singular) S to get lost (on foot) go back (singular subject) I k̲ux̲~ S-d-goot~ (Ø motion) for (singular) S to go back, return let in (esp. animal); welcome in, receive (singular object) II neil~ O-S-s-goot~ (Ø motion) for S to let in, welcome in (singular) O go on foot (singular subject) VII P-dé S-ø-goot~ (na motion) for (singular) S to walk, go (by walking or as general term) away from P |
foolish:understand, comprehend N daa yaa k̲u-shu-s-géi (ga state) for N to understand, comprehend foolish, dull, unwise, crazy tlél yaa k̲u-S-d-sh-géi (ga state) for S to be foolish, dull, unwise, or crazy intelligent, smart, wise yaa k̲u-S-d-s-géi (ga state) for S to be intelligent, smart, wise |
forbidden:superstitious; abstain, refrain from, keep from doing (usually for ceremonial or religious reasons, esp. of Lent) at S-l-g̲aas (ga state) for S to be superstitious; for S to abstain, refrain from, keep from doing (usually for ceremonial or religious reasons, esp. of Lent) forbidden, taboo li-g̲aas (ga state) for something to be forbidden, taboo, not allowed by custom |
forget:forget N ká-t~ O-sa-ø-x'aak̲w~ (ø event) for O to forget N comfortable, sit or lie comfortably sh ka-S-d-j-x'aak̲w~ (na event) for S to be comfortable, sit or lie comfortably comfortable, sit or lie comfortably yan~ sh ka-S-d-j-x'aak̲w~ (Ø motion) for S to be comfortable, sit or lie comfortably |
forgive:live (at a place) k̲u-S-ø-.oo~ (na state) for S to live, live at, dwell permanently put them, leave them there P-x' yéi O-S-ø-.oo (na event) for S to put, leave (plural) O at P pregnant, have a baby atk'átsk'u/yát(k') O-S-ø-.oo (na event) for S to have O (baby), be pregnant with O (baby) own, possess, have O-S-ø-.oo (na state) for S to own, possess, have O forgive, excuse him/her ch'a aadé yéi O-S-ø-.oo (na event) for S to forgive, excuse O dress him/her/it N náa yéi sha-S-ø-.oo (na act) for S to dress N frustrate him/her N toowú x̲'ool yáx̲ O-S-ø-.oo (na state; CV́V Imperfective) for S to frustrate N get dressed náa(x') yéi sha-S-d-.oo (na act) for S to get dressed angry, mean x'áan a-S-ø-.oo (na state; CV́V Imperfective) for S to be angry, mean wear it; use it yéi O-S-ø-.oo (na state) for S to wear, put on, dress in O; for S to use O |
fragrant:fragrant, sweet-smelling O-l-ts'áa (ga state) for O to be fragrant, sweet-smelling |
frustrate:live (at a place) k̲u-S-ø-.oo~ (na state) for S to live, live at, dwell permanently put them, leave them there P-x' yéi O-S-ø-.oo (na event) for S to put, leave (plural) O at P pregnant, have a baby atk'átsk'u/yát(k') O-S-ø-.oo (na event) for S to have O (baby), be pregnant with O (baby) own, possess, have O-S-ø-.oo (na state) for S to own, possess, have O forgive, excuse him/her ch'a aadé yéi O-S-ø-.oo (na event) for S to forgive, excuse O dress him/her/it N náa yéi sha-S-ø-.oo (na act) for S to dress N frustrate him/her N toowú x̲'ool yáx̲ O-S-ø-.oo (na state; CV́V Imperfective) for S to frustrate N get dressed náa(x') yéi sha-S-d-.oo (na act) for S to get dressed angry, mean x'áan a-S-ø-.oo (na state; CV́V Imperfective) for S to be angry, mean wear it; use it yéi O-S-ø-.oo (na state) for S to wear, put on, dress in O; for S to use O |
frustrating:difficult, almost impossible, hard (in abstract), frustrating O-l-dzée (ga state) for O to be very difficult, frustrating, almost impossible, hard, (in abstract) |
fry:fry it; toast it O-ka-S-l-s'ook~ (ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to toast O (bread); for S to fry O (usually till crisp) |
fun:happy, glad N toowú s-góo (ga state) for N to be happy, glad want, like N tuwáa S-s-góo (ga state) for N to want, like, desire S; for S to be pleasing to N unhappy, lonesome tlél O-tu-sh-góo (ga state) for O to be unhappy, lonesome |
gaff:hook it; gaff it (of fish) O-S-ø-k'éex̲'~ (ø event) for S to hook O; for S to gaff O hook it in the head; gaff it in the head (of fish) O-sha-S-ø-k'éex̲'~ (ø event) for S to hook O in the head; for S to gaff O in the head delayed; stuck, hung up there; hooked P-náx̲ O-sh-k'éex̲'~ (ga motion) for O to get delayed, stuck, hung up, hooked at P |
gain weight:fat; gain weight O-d-l-neitl~ (Ø event) for O to gain weight; for O to get fat |
gamble:gamble, play cards a-S-d-l-k̲áa (na act) for S to gamble (by means of gambling sticks, dice, etc.); for S to play cards |
gather:polish, rub until shiny N daatx̲ k̲u-ka-S-s-haa~ (na act) for S to polish N; for S to rub N until shiny remind, cause to remember, bring to mind N káa daak O-sa-S-l-haa~ (Ø event; CV́V Hort/Pot) for S to remind O about N garden; dig a-ka-S-ø-haa~ (na act) for S to garden, dig plant it (using spade); dig it O-ka-S-ø-haa~ (na act) for S to plant O crowd, crowded, gather VII P-t~ O-ya-d-haa~ (Ø motion) for O to move in, come around, crowd at P (of large numbers, esp. people, birds) time for it P-t~ k̲u-ø-haa~ (ø motion) for the time to come for P gather it; pick it up; take it up O-ya-S-s-haa~ (ø act; CV́V Imp/Hort/Pot) for S to gather up, pick up, take up O have a turn N ée-t~ k̲u-ø-haa~ (ø motion) for N to have a turn hungry (make him/her hungry) N ée-t~ yaan-->O-S-s-haa~ (Ø motion) for S to make N hungry hungry N ée-t~ yaan ø-haa~ (ø motion) for N to be hungry dig it up kei O-ka-S-ø-haa~ (ø motion) for S to dig O up injure oneself sh tóo a-sha-S-d-l-háa (Ø event) for S to injure oneself obvious; clearly visible tlél ga-u-ø-háa (ga state) for something to be obvious, clearly visible want (often with strong feeling); decide, be decided about, intend to; agree to, be willing to (yéi) O-sa-S-ø-haa~ (na state) for S to want O (a certain way); for S to be decided about O; for S to agree to O |
gather together:appoint, choose for a certain position (plural object) I a tóo daak O-S-s-.aat~ (Ø motion) for S to appoint (plural) O, choose O for a certain position lead them yaa O-shu-S-ø-.aat~ (ga event) for S to lead (plural) O (especially by walking ahead) go on foot (plural subject) II P-t~ S-ø-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to walk, go (by walking or as a general term) to P walking, going along there (of plural subjects) P-x̲ yaa S-ø-.aat~ (ga motion) for (plural) S to be walking, going (by foot or as general term) along P (basically plural; see goot for singular) go on foot (plural subject) IX P-x̲ S-ø-.aat~ (g̲a motion) for (plural) S to walk, go (by walking or as a general term) down along P go on foot (plural subject) V N jikaadáx̲ ya-u-S-ø-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to get out of N's way go on foot (plural subject) III gági S-ø-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to emerge, walk out into the open go to the bathroom (plural subject) VII gánde S-ø-.aat~ (na motion) for (plural) S to go to the bathroom go on foot (plural subject) VI a-ya-u-S-d-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to turn back, go back (by walking or as general term) go on foot (plural subject) VII P-dé S-ø-.aat~ (na motion) for (plural) S to walk, go (by walking or as a general term) to P go on foot (plural subject) I kei S-ø-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to walk up, go up (by walking or as a general term) attack someone ji-S-d-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to attack, assault, fall upon go on foot (plural subject) VIII k̲ut S-ø-.aat~ (ga motion) for (plural) S to get lost (on foot) go back (plural subject) I k̲ux̲~ S-d-.aat~ (Ø motion) for (plural) S to go back, return let in (esp. animal); welcome in, receive (plural object) II neil~ O-S-s-.aat~ (Ø motion) for S to let in, welcome in (plural) O gather together, assemble, congregate (esp. for meetings) woosh kaanáx̲ S-d-.aat~ (ga event) for (plural) S to assemble, congregate, gather together (for meetings) gather, assemble, congregate (esp. for meetings) II woosh x̲oo-t~ S-d-.aat~ (ø motion) for S to assemble, congregate, gather together (for meetings) bend over, lean down (plural subject) yínde sh ka-S-l-.aat~ (na motion) for (plural) S to bend over, lean down |
get:win, gain, get, obtain it; acquire it; succeed, accomplish it; defeat him/her/it O-ya-S-ø-dlaak̲~ (na event) for S to gain, get, obtain, acquire O; for S to succeed, accomplish O; for S to defeat, beat O |
get rid of:abandon, desert, leave; throw away, dispose of, get rid of O-S-l-tl'eet~ (na act) for S to abandon, desert, leave O; for S to throw away, dispose of, get rid of O |
get up:sit (for plural subjects to be seated) S-ø-k̲ee~ (position) for (plural) S to be seated rise, get up (plural subject) sha-S-d-k̲ee~ (ø event) for (plural) S to get up, rise sit down (plural subject) S-ø-k̲ee~ (g̲a event) for (plural) S to sit, sit down (esp. act of sitting) |
get up:situtated there (of building) d-nook~ (g̲a event) for a building to be situated there carry him/her/it (live creature) VII P-t O-S-s-nook~ (na motion) for S to carry, take O (live creature) around at P seat him/her O-S-s-nook~ (g̲a event) for S to seat O lift him/her/it up (live creature) kei O-S-s-nook~ (ø motion) for S to lift up O (live creature) rise, get up (singular subject) sha-S-d-nook~ (ø event) for (singular) S to get up, rise sit down (singular subject) S-ø-nook~ (g̲a event) for (singular) S to sit, sit down (esp. act of sitting) put him/her/it down, leave him/her/it (live creature) yan~ O-S-s-nook~ (ø motion) for S to put down, leave O (live creature) |
give:think over, consider, make up one's mind about (plural subject) N daa yoo tu-S-l-.aat~ (ø act) for (plural) S to think over, consider, make up one's mind about N change one's mind; think it over and reconsider, be converted (plural subject) N daatx̲ k̲ux̲ tu-S-d-l-.aat~ (Ø motion) for (plural) S to change mind about N; for (plural) S to think over and reconsider N button it up aanáx̲ O-ka-S-l-.aat~ (Ø act) for S to button up O lying there (to have small objects lying there) P-t O-ka-S-l-.át (position) for S to have O (small objects) lying at P lie there (of small objects) P-t ka-l-.át (position) for small objects to lie at P lie there (of several things; of dead or unconscious persons or animals) P-t l-.át (position) for several things to lie at P; for several persons or animals to lie dead, unconscious, or incapacitated at P carry them, take them (esp. baggage) VII P-dé O-S-l-.aat~ (na motion) for S to carry, take (plural) O (esp. baggage) to P speak, talk to him/her (plural subject) N ée-t~ x̲'a-S-l-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to speak, talk to N give, take, hand it to him/her (small, round or hoop-like objects) N jee-t~ O-ka-S-l-.aat~ (ø event) for S to give, take, hand O (small, round or hoop-like objects) to N give, take, hand them to him/her (esp. baggage and personal belongings) N jee-t~ O-S-l-.aat~ (ø motion) for S to give, take, hand (plural) O (esp. baggage and personal belongings) to N lying down (of human) (plural subject) (P-t) sh S-d-l-.át (position) for (plural) S to be lying down (at P) speak, talk, make speech (plural subject) x̲'a-S-l-.aat~ (na event) or (plural) S to speak, talk, make a speech turn the wheel (boat, car) I kei O-ya-S-l-.aat~ (ø motion) for S to turn O (boat, car) put it down, leave it (esp. baggage and personal belongings) yan~ O-S-l-.aat~ (ø motion) for S to put down, lay down, leave (plural) O (esp. baggage and personal belongings) lie down (of human) (plural subject) yan~ sh S-d-l-.aat~ (Ø motion) for (plural) S to lie down stop speaking, stop talking (plural subject) II yan~ x̲'a-S-l-.aat~ (Ø motion) for (plural) S to stop talking speak to, talk to, converse (plural subject) yoo x̲'a-S-l-.aat~ (ø act) for (plural) S to speak, talk, converse |
give:carry it, take it (textile-like object, blanket, coat, robe, sheet, etc.) VII P-t O-S-ø-.aax̲~ (na motion) for S to carry, take O (a textile-like object, blanket, coat, robe, sheet) around at P lie there (of hide-like object, blanket, coat, robe, sheet) P-t ø-.áx̲ (position) for a hide-like object, blanket, coat, robe, sheet to lie at P give, take, hand it to him/her (textile-like object, blanket, coat, robe, sheet, etc.) N jee-t~ O-S-ø-.aax̲~ (ø motion) for S to give, take, hand O (textile-like object) to N take it off (shirt, dress, coat, etc.) I kaax̲ kei O-S-d-.aax̲~ (Ø motion) for S to take off O (shirt, dress, coat, etc.) |
give:pick it O-S-ø-.een~ (ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to pick O (esp. berries) into a container carry it, take it (container full of liquid or small objects) II P-t~ O-S-s-.een~ (ø motion) for S to carry O (container full of liquid or small objects) to P give, take, hand it to him/her (container full of liquid or small objects) N jee-t~ O-S-s-.een~ (ø motion) for S to give, take, hand O (container full of liquid or small objects) to N bring, carry it inside (of container full of liquid or small objects) neil O-S-s-.een~ (ø motion) for S to bring O (container full of liquid or small objects) inside put it down; leave it (container full of liquid or small objects) yan~ O-S-s-.een~ (ø motion) for S to put down, lay down, leave, place O (a container full of liquid or small objects) |
give:send him/her there; order him/her to go there; give it (in accordance with clan relationship O-ka-u-S-ø-náa (na act; CV́V Imp/Hort/Pot) for S to order (esp. to go), send, command O; (fig.) for S to give O (esp. in accordance with clan relationship) |
give:carry them, take them (plural objects) IX P-dáx̲ yéi O-S-s-neiʰ~ (ga motion) for S to pick up, lift up, take (plural) O (objects) up off of P discipline, restrain, restrict, warn not to do, prevent from doing O-ya-u-S-ø-nei~ (g̲a act) for S to discipline, restrain, restrict, warn or prevent O from doing something get revenge, get even with him/her chush yáa O-S-d-s-neiʰ~ (na event) for S to get revenge, get even with O give, take, hand them to him/her (of plural objects) N jee-t~ yéi O-S-s-neiʰ~ (ø motion) for S to give, take, hand (plural) O to N demonstrate, show how to do it; perform it N wak̲shiyeex' yéi O-S-s-neiʰ~ (na event) for S to demonstrate, perform publicly, show N how to do O by action accident (have an accident); get hurt; happen (something bad to him/her) k̲áakw-t~ O-ø-neiʰ~ (ø motion) for O to have an accident, get hurt; for something bad to happen to O straighten it out; smooth it over wooch yáx̲ O-S-s-neiʰ~ (na event) for S to straighten out O, smooth O over (literal or abstract) finish it yan~ O-S-s-neiʰ~ (ø motion) for S to finish, complete O dressed up yan~ sh S-d-s-neiʰ~ (ø event) for S to dress up ready, complete, finished; permanent yan~ O-ø-neiʰ~ (ø motion) for O to be permanent, happen for good; for O to be finished, complete, ready; for O to be prepared, ready put them down, leave them (plural round, spherical objects) yan~ yéi O-ka-S-s-neiʰ~ (ø motion) for S to put down, leave O (plural round objects) work on it; do it (yéi) O-daa-S-ø-neiʰ~ (na act) for S to do, perform O (a particular action); for S to work on O happen (yéi) at ø-neiʰ (na event) for something to happen fix it; cause that to happen to it; do that to it (yéi) O-S-s-neiʰ~ (na event) for S to do (that) to O; for S to fix, cause (that) to happen to O work; do yéi ji-S-ø-neiʰ~ (na act) for S to work; for S to do happen, occur to him/her/it (yéi) O-ø-neiʰ (na event) for (that) to happen, occur to O |
give:live (at a place) k̲u-S-ø-.oo~ (na state) for S to live, live at, dwell permanently put them, leave them there P-x' yéi O-S-ø-.oo (na event) for S to put, leave (plural) O at P pregnant, have a baby atk'átsk'u/yát(k') O-S-ø-.oo (na event) for S to have O (baby), be pregnant with O (baby) own, possess, have O-S-ø-.oo (na state) for S to own, possess, have O forgive, excuse him/her ch'a aadé yéi O-S-ø-.oo (na event) for S to forgive, excuse O dress him/her/it N náa yéi sha-S-ø-.oo (na act) for S to dress N frustrate him/her N toowú x̲'ool yáx̲ O-S-ø-.oo (na state; CV́V Imperfective) for S to frustrate N get dressed náa(x') yéi sha-S-d-.oo (na act) for S to get dressed angry, mean x'áan a-S-ø-.oo (na state; CV́V Imperfective) for S to be angry, mean wear it; use it yéi O-S-ø-.oo (na state) for S to wear, put on, dress in O; for S to use O |
give:think over, consider, make up one's mind about (singular subject) N daa yoo tu-S-ø-taan~ (ø act) for (singular) S to think over, consider, make up one's mind about N change one's mind; think it over and reconsider, be converted (singular subject) N daatx̲ k̲ux̲ tu-S-d-taan~ (Ø motion) for (singular) S to change mind about N; for (singular) S to think over and reconsider N wash over it (of waves) V N kanax̲ ji-ya-s-taan~ (Ø motion; CV́C Hort/Pot) for waves to wash over N cover it (esp. pot) with something at S-ø-taan~ (g̲a event) for S to cover (esp. pot, etc.), put on lid carry it, take it (container or hollow object) VIII O-S-ø-taan~ (ga motion) for S to carry, take O (usually a container or hollow object) bend it (long, simple object) O-ka-S-taan~ (na event) for S to bend O (usually long, simple object) over like to do it; in the habit of doing it O-ka-u-S-sh-tán (ga state) for S to be in habit of doing O; for S to do O frequently because S enjoys doing it carry it, take it (container or hollow object) II P-t~ O-S-ø-taan~ (ø motion) for S to carry, take O (usually a hollow object) to P extend to it; end there P-t shu-ka-ø-tán (position) for something to extend to, end at P sit there (of container or hollow object) P-t ø-tán (position) for a container or hollow object to sit at P precipitate (rain, snow, etc) daak s-taan~ (ø event) for rain, snow to fall speak, talk to him/her (singular subject) N ée-t~ x̲'a-S-ø-taan~ (ø motion) for S to speak, talk to N call him/her on the phone VII N jeedé x̲'a-S-d-taan~ (na motion) for (singular) S to call N on telephone give, take, hand it to him/her (long, complex object) N jee-t~ O-S-s-taan~ (ø motion) for S to give, take, hand O (usually long, complex object) to N call him/her on the phone II N jee-t~ x̲'a-S-d-taan~ (ø motion) for S to call N on telephone put trust in, rely on, have faith in N káa yan tu-S-ø-taan~ (Ø motion) for S to put trust in, rely on, have faith in N rough (of ocean) ji-s-taan~ (na event) for the ocean to be rough bring it out, unearth it; pick it up (usually long, complex object) kei O-S-s-taan~ (ø motion) for S to bring out, unearth O (usually long, complex object)(esp. from a box or other container or place which O is kept); for S to pick up, lift up O raise one's hand I kei ji-S-s-taan~ (Ø motion) for S to raise a hand speak, talk, make speech (singular subject) x̲'a-S-d-taan~ (na event) for (singular) S to speak, talk, make a speech put it down (small, stick-like object) yan O-ka-S-s-taan~ (ø motion) for S to put down, lay down, leave, place O (usually quite small, stick-like object) put it down, leave it (long, complex object) yan O-S-s-taan~ (ø motion) for S to put down, lay down, leave, place O (usually long, complex object) hit, reach the beach (of waves) yan ji-s-taan~ (Ø motion) for waves to hit, reach the beach lower one's hand yan~ ji-S-s-taan~ (Ø motion) for S to lower a hand stop speaking, stop talking (singular subject) II yan~ x̲'a-S-d-taan~ (Ø motion) for (singular) S to stop talking bent yóo ka-ø-tán (position) for something to be bent speak to, talk to (singular subject) yoo x̲'a-S-ø-taan~ (ø act) for (singular) S to speak to, talk to bend over, lean down (singular subject) yínde sh ka-S-d-taan~ (na motion) for (singular) S to bend over, lean down decide, make up one's mind; feel, think (a certain way) (yéi) tu-S-d-taan~ (na event) for (singular) S to decide, make up one's mind (that way) |
give:carry it, take it (general, often compact object) IX P-dáx̲ O-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ga motion) for S to pick O up off of P carry it, take it (general, often compact object) VII P-dé O-S-ø-teeʰ~ (na motion) for S to carry, take O (general, often compact object) to P anticipate, forsee; expect, consider likely to happen or arrive O-shu-S-s-teeʰ~ (na state) for S to anticipate, forsee, expect O; for S to consider O likely to happen or arrive postpone it O-shu-ka-S-ø-teeʰ~ (na event) for S to postpone O expect him/her/it; anticipate it O-shu-S-s-teeʰ~ (na state) for S to anticipate, foresee O; for S to expect, consider O likely to happen or arrive carry it, take it (solid, complex object) VII P-dé O-S-s-teeʰ~ (na motion) for S to carry, take O (solid, often complex object) to P carry it, take it (solid, complex object) IX O-S-s-teeʰ~ (ga motion) for S to carry, take O (solid, often complex object) install it there, hang it there P-x̲ O-S-ø-teeʰ~ (g̲a motion) for S to install, hang, place O at P hang it up there (esp. to dry) P-x̲ O-sha-ya-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to hang up O at P (esp. to dry) stormy, rough (of weather) a-ya-d-teeʰ~ (g̲a event) for the weather to be stormy, rough give, take, hand it to him/her (round, spherical object) N jee-t~ O-ka-S-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to give, take, hand O (round object) to N blame it on him/her; bring it (shame, joy) onto him/her P-t~ O-shu-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to bring O (abstract, esp. shame, blame, joy) onto P feed it to him/her/it; give it to him/her/it to eat N x̲'éix̲ O-S-ø-teeʰ~ (na event) for S to feed O to N; for S to give O to N to eat feed him/her/it N x̲'éix̲ at S-ø-teeʰ~ (na event) for S to feed N, give food to N (for immediate consumption) baptize him/her héen-t~ O-ya-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to baptize, immerse (singular) O in water or pour water upon O as a religious rite put it on (shirt, dress, etc.) káx̲ O-S-d-teeʰ~ (g̲a event) for S to put on O (shirt, dress, etc.) bring it out, unearth it; pick it up (general, often compact object) kei O-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ø motion) or S to bring out, unearth O (general, often compact object)(esp. from a box or other container or place which O is kept); for S to pick up, lift up O put it down, leave it (round, spherical object) yan O-ka-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to put down, lay down, leave, place O (round object) put it down (solid, often complex object) yan O-S-s-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to put down, lay down, leave, place O (solid, often complex object) |
give orders:try it, attempt it O-ka-(u)-S-ø-.aak̲w (na act) for S to try, attempt O plan it O-ka-S-ø-.aak̲w~ (Ø act) for S to plan O order him/her, give him/her instructions (esp. concerning work) át O-ji-ka-u-S-ø-.aak̲w~ (na act) for S to give O orders, instructions (esp. concerning work) give him/her orders; command, instruct him/her át O-ka-S-ø-.aak̲w~ (na event) for S to give orders to, command, instruct O give him/her an opportunity to speak; give him/her directions as to what to say O-x̲'a-ka-(u)-S-ø-.aak̲w (na act) for S to give O an opportunity to speak; for S to give O directions as to what to say decide about it; plan it yan~ O-ka-S-ø-.aak̲w~ (ø motion) for S to make a decision about O; for S to finish planning O order oneself to do it; make oneself do it át sh ji-ka-S-d-.aak̲w~ (na event) for S to make oneself do something |
give up:despair, give up hope; put off, defer, delay doing, give up (P-x') a-S-l-xaach~ (na event) for S to despair, give up hope (on P); for S to put off, defer, delay doing, or give up doing P |
go:appoint, choose for a certain position (plural object) I a tóo daak O-S-s-.aat~ (Ø motion) for S to appoint (plural) O, choose O for a certain position lead them yaa O-shu-S-ø-.aat~ (ga event) for S to lead (plural) O (especially by walking ahead) go on foot (plural subject) II P-t~ S-ø-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to walk, go (by walking or as a general term) to P walking, going along there (of plural subjects) P-x̲ yaa S-ø-.aat~ (ga motion) for (plural) S to be walking, going (by foot or as general term) along P (basically plural; see goot for singular) go on foot (plural subject) IX P-x̲ S-ø-.aat~ (g̲a motion) for (plural) S to walk, go (by walking or as a general term) down along P go on foot (plural subject) V N jikaadáx̲ ya-u-S-ø-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to get out of N's way go on foot (plural subject) III gági S-ø-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to emerge, walk out into the open go to the bathroom (plural subject) VII gánde S-ø-.aat~ (na motion) for (plural) S to go to the bathroom go on foot (plural subject) VI a-ya-u-S-d-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to turn back, go back (by walking or as general term) go on foot (plural subject) VII P-dé S-ø-.aat~ (na motion) for (plural) S to walk, go (by walking or as a general term) to P go on foot (plural subject) I kei S-ø-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to walk up, go up (by walking or as a general term) attack someone ji-S-d-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to attack, assault, fall upon go on foot (plural subject) VIII k̲ut S-ø-.aat~ (ga motion) for (plural) S to get lost (on foot) go back (plural subject) I k̲ux̲~ S-d-.aat~ (Ø motion) for (plural) S to go back, return let in (esp. animal); welcome in, receive (plural object) II neil~ O-S-s-.aat~ (Ø motion) for S to let in, welcome in (plural) O gather together, assemble, congregate (esp. for meetings) woosh kaanáx̲ S-d-.aat~ (ga event) for (plural) S to assemble, congregate, gather together (for meetings) gather, assemble, congregate (esp. for meetings) II woosh x̲oo-t~ S-d-.aat~ (ø motion) for S to assemble, congregate, gather together (for meetings) bend over, lean down (plural subject) yínde sh ka-S-l-.aat~ (na motion) for (plural) S to bend over, lean down |
go:follow him/her/it (singular subject) IX N ítx̲ yaa S-ø-goot~ (ga motion) for (singular) S to follow N (on foot) appoint, choose for a certain position (singular object) I a tóo daak O-S-s-goot~ (Ø motion) for S to appoint (singular) O, choose O for a certain position go on foot (singular subject) II P-t~ S-ø-goot~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to arrive at P, go to P (by walking or as general term) go on foot (singular subject) IX P-x̲ S-ø-goot~ (g̲a motion) for (singular) S to walk, go (by walking or as a general term) down along P go on foot (singular subject) V N jikaadáx̲ ya-u-S-ø-goot~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to get out of N's way go on foot (singular subject) VI a-ya-u-S-d-goot~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to turn back, go back (by walking or as general term) go on foot (singular subject) III gági S-ø-goot~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to emerge, walk out into the open go to the bathroom (singular subject) VII gánde S-ø-goot~ (na motion) for (singular) S to go to the bathroom go on foot (singular subject) I kei S-ø-goot~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to walk, go up (by walking or as general term) go on foot (singular subject) VIII k̲ut S-ø-goot~ (ga motion) for (singular) S to get lost (on foot) go back (singular subject) I k̲ux̲~ S-d-goot~ (Ø motion) for (singular) S to go back, return let in (esp. animal); welcome in, receive (singular object) II neil~ O-S-s-goot~ (Ø motion) for S to let in, welcome in (singular) O go on foot (singular subject) VII P-dé S-ø-goot~ (na motion) for (singular) S to walk, go (by walking or as general term) away from P |
go:leave, go, come to it (of group of people) II P-t~ O-ka-d-k'éet'~ (Ø motion) for O (group of people) to all leave, go or come to P go (of group of people) VII P-dé O-ka-d-k'éet'~ (na motion) for O (group of people) to all leave, go or come to P pick berries k̲u-S-ø-k'éet'~ (ø act; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for S to pick berries (esp. pick in quantity to take home) |
go out (tide):ebb, go out (of tide) IX (P-x̲) ø-laa~ (g̲a motion) for the tide to ebb, go out (from under P) melt, dissolve, thaw l-laa~ (ø event) for something to melt, dissolve, thaw go out, low (of tide) yan~ ø-laa~ (ø motion) for the tide to go out, be low |
go to bathroom:appoint, choose for a certain position (plural object) I a tóo daak O-S-s-.aat~ (Ø motion) for S to appoint (plural) O, choose O for a certain position lead them yaa O-shu-S-ø-.aat~ (ga event) for S to lead (plural) O (especially by walking ahead) go on foot (plural subject) II P-t~ S-ø-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to walk, go (by walking or as a general term) to P walking, going along there (of plural subjects) P-x̲ yaa S-ø-.aat~ (ga motion) for (plural) S to be walking, going (by foot or as general term) along P (basically plural; see goot for singular) go on foot (plural subject) IX P-x̲ S-ø-.aat~ (g̲a motion) for (plural) S to walk, go (by walking or as a general term) down along P go on foot (plural subject) V N jikaadáx̲ ya-u-S-ø-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to get out of N's way go on foot (plural subject) III gági S-ø-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to emerge, walk out into the open go to the bathroom (plural subject) VII gánde S-ø-.aat~ (na motion) for (plural) S to go to the bathroom go on foot (plural subject) VI a-ya-u-S-d-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to turn back, go back (by walking or as general term) go on foot (plural subject) VII P-dé S-ø-.aat~ (na motion) for (plural) S to walk, go (by walking or as a general term) to P go on foot (plural subject) I kei S-ø-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to walk up, go up (by walking or as a general term) attack someone ji-S-d-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to attack, assault, fall upon go on foot (plural subject) VIII k̲ut S-ø-.aat~ (ga motion) for (plural) S to get lost (on foot) go back (plural subject) I k̲ux̲~ S-d-.aat~ (Ø motion) for (plural) S to go back, return let in (esp. animal); welcome in, receive (plural object) II neil~ O-S-s-.aat~ (Ø motion) for S to let in, welcome in (plural) O gather together, assemble, congregate (esp. for meetings) woosh kaanáx̲ S-d-.aat~ (ga event) for (plural) S to assemble, congregate, gather together (for meetings) gather, assemble, congregate (esp. for meetings) II woosh x̲oo-t~ S-d-.aat~ (ø motion) for S to assemble, congregate, gather together (for meetings) bend over, lean down (plural subject) yínde sh ka-S-l-.aat~ (na motion) for (plural) S to bend over, lean down |
go to bathroom:follow him/her/it (singular subject) IX N ítx̲ yaa S-ø-goot~ (ga motion) for (singular) S to follow N (on foot) appoint, choose for a certain position (singular object) I a tóo daak O-S-s-goot~ (Ø motion) for S to appoint (singular) O, choose O for a certain position go on foot (singular subject) II P-t~ S-ø-goot~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to arrive at P, go to P (by walking or as general term) go on foot (singular subject) IX P-x̲ S-ø-goot~ (g̲a motion) for (singular) S to walk, go (by walking or as a general term) down along P go on foot (singular subject) V N jikaadáx̲ ya-u-S-ø-goot~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to get out of N's way go on foot (singular subject) VI a-ya-u-S-d-goot~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to turn back, go back (by walking or as general term) go on foot (singular subject) III gági S-ø-goot~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to emerge, walk out into the open go to the bathroom (singular subject) VII gánde S-ø-goot~ (na motion) for (singular) S to go to the bathroom go on foot (singular subject) I kei S-ø-goot~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to walk, go up (by walking or as general term) go on foot (singular subject) VIII k̲ut S-ø-goot~ (ga motion) for (singular) S to get lost (on foot) go back (singular subject) I k̲ux̲~ S-d-goot~ (Ø motion) for (singular) S to go back, return let in (esp. animal); welcome in, receive (singular object) II neil~ O-S-s-goot~ (Ø motion) for S to let in, welcome in (singular) O go on foot (singular subject) VII P-dé S-ø-goot~ (na motion) for (singular) S to walk, go (by walking or as general term) away from P |
go (by motorized vehicle):go in motorized vehicle V N daax̲ ya-u-S-ø-k̲oox̲~ (ø motion) for S to circle, drive around N in a motor vehicle drive it VII P-dé O-S-s-k̲oox̲~ (na motion) for S to drive O (boat, car) to P drive it II P-t~ O-S-s-k̲oox̲~ (ø motion) for S to drive O (boat, car) to P go in motorized vehicle II P-t~ S-ø-k̲oox̲~ (ø motion) for S to travel, go to P (by boat, car) go in motorized vehicle VI a-ya-u-S-d-k̲oox̲~ (ø motion) for S to turn back, return by boat go in motorized vehicle I daak S-ø-k̲oox̲~ (ø motion) for S to go out to sea (in a boat); for S to move into the open (in a boat, car) go in motorized vehicle III g̲unéi S-ø-k̲oox̲~ (ø motion) for S to begin traveling, going by boat or car go in motorized vehicle IX k̲ut S-ø-k̲oox̲~ (ga motion) for S to get lost (going by motorized vehicle) go in motorized vehicle VII P-dé S-ø-k̲oox̲~ (na motion) for S to travel, go toward P (in a boat, car) go along (keep on going) (by boat, car) yaa S-ø-k̲oox̲~ (ga motion) for S to be going, traveling along (by boat, car) |
good:improve it; make peace with him/her O-S-l-k'éi~ (ga event) for S to improve O; for S to make peace, make up with O (after quarrel) happy, glad, feel fine N toowú ø-k'éi (ga state) for N to be glad, happy, feel fine taste good (like the taste of it) N x̲'é ø-k'éi (ga state) for N to like the taste of something good (of weather) k̲u-ø-k'ei~ (g̲a state) for the weather to be good bad, evil tlél O-sh-k'éi (ga state) for O to be bad, evil, no good good, fine, pretty O-ø-k'éi (ga state) for O to be good, fine, pretty |
good-looking:kind, gentle O-tu-l-.aan (ga state) for O to be kind, gentle attractive, good-looking, pleasant-faced O-ya-ka-s-.aan (ga state) for O to be attractive, good-looking, pleasant-faced |
gossip:tell, report about it; witness, testify about it O-ka-S-ø-neek~ (na act) for S to tell about, report about, give facts about O; for S to witness to, tell about, testify about O tell the story of it; talk into it O-ka-S-l-neek (na act) for S to tell the story of O; for S to talk into O explain it (N een) k̲unáax̲ daak O-ka-S-ø-neek~ (Ø act) for S to explain O (to N) tell on, inform on, betray (secret) kei O-ka-S-ø-neek~ (Ø motion) for S to tell on, inform on, betray O tell a story, narrate; preach sh ka-S-d-l-neek (na act) for S to preach, narrate, tell a story |
green:unripe; green and hard (of berries) ka-d-l-x̲'át' (state) for berries to be unripe, green and hard |
grind:grind it up; beat it, whip it up (soapberries) O-ka-S-l-xaakw~ (Ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to grind up O; for S to beat, whip O up (soapberries) |
grow:grow it (plant); turn it on (hose) O-ka-S-s-.aa~ (na act) for S to cause O (plant) to grow; for S to turn on O (hose), cause O to flow celebrate, set apart (a particular day) O-k̲ei-S-s-.aa~ (na event) for S to celebrate O, set apart O (a particular day) grow (of plant); flow, pour forth (of water) ka-ø-.aa~ (na act) for a plant to grow; for a stream of water to flow, pour forth grow (of plant) ka-s-.aa~ (na act) for a plant to grow daylight (become daylight, dawn) k̲ei-ø-.aa (na event) for it to become daylight, dawn run, migrate (of fish) VII ya-ø-.aa~ (na motion) for fish to run, migrate run, migrate (of fish) II P-t~ ya-ø-.aa~ (Ø motion) for fish to run at P |
grow:raise him/her/it; grow it O-S-s-wáat~ (ø act) for S to raise O (child, animal); for S to grow O (plant) grow up (in size, maturity) O-ø-wáat~ (ø event) for O to grow up (size and maturity) (esp. of human and animal) full (of moon) yan~ ya-ø-wáat~ (Ø event) for the moon to be full |
growl:growl, gurgle (of stomach) ka-s-tóox̲' (ø act) for the stomach to growl, gurgle |
gurgle:growl, gurgle (of stomach) ka-s-tóox̲' (ø act) for the stomach to growl, gurgle |
habit:think over, consider, make up one's mind about (singular subject) N daa yoo tu-S-ø-taan~ (ø act) for (singular) S to think over, consider, make up one's mind about N change one's mind; think it over and reconsider, be converted (singular subject) N daatx̲ k̲ux̲ tu-S-d-taan~ (Ø motion) for (singular) S to change mind about N; for (singular) S to think over and reconsider N wash over it (of waves) V N kanax̲ ji-ya-s-taan~ (Ø motion; CV́C Hort/Pot) for waves to wash over N cover it (esp. pot) with something at S-ø-taan~ (g̲a event) for S to cover (esp. pot, etc.), put on lid carry it, take it (container or hollow object) VIII O-S-ø-taan~ (ga motion) for S to carry, take O (usually a container or hollow object) bend it (long, simple object) O-ka-S-taan~ (na event) for S to bend O (usually long, simple object) over like to do it; in the habit of doing it O-ka-u-S-sh-tán (ga state) for S to be in habit of doing O; for S to do O frequently because S enjoys doing it carry it, take it (container or hollow object) II P-t~ O-S-ø-taan~ (ø motion) for S to carry, take O (usually a hollow object) to P extend to it; end there P-t shu-ka-ø-tán (position) for something to extend to, end at P sit there (of container or hollow object) P-t ø-tán (position) for a container or hollow object to sit at P precipitate (rain, snow, etc) daak s-taan~ (ø event) for rain, snow to fall speak, talk to him/her (singular subject) N ée-t~ x̲'a-S-ø-taan~ (ø motion) for S to speak, talk to N call him/her on the phone VII N jeedé x̲'a-S-d-taan~ (na motion) for (singular) S to call N on telephone give, take, hand it to him/her (long, complex object) N jee-t~ O-S-s-taan~ (ø motion) for S to give, take, hand O (usually long, complex object) to N call him/her on the phone II N jee-t~ x̲'a-S-d-taan~ (ø motion) for S to call N on telephone put trust in, rely on, have faith in N káa yan tu-S-ø-taan~ (Ø motion) for S to put trust in, rely on, have faith in N rough (of ocean) ji-s-taan~ (na event) for the ocean to be rough bring it out, unearth it; pick it up (usually long, complex object) kei O-S-s-taan~ (ø motion) for S to bring out, unearth O (usually long, complex object)(esp. from a box or other container or place which O is kept); for S to pick up, lift up O raise one's hand I kei ji-S-s-taan~ (Ø motion) for S to raise a hand speak, talk, make speech (singular subject) x̲'a-S-d-taan~ (na event) for (singular) S to speak, talk, make a speech put it down (small, stick-like object) yan O-ka-S-s-taan~ (ø motion) for S to put down, lay down, leave, place O (usually quite small, stick-like object) put it down, leave it (long, complex object) yan O-S-s-taan~ (ø motion) for S to put down, lay down, leave, place O (usually long, complex object) hit, reach the beach (of waves) yan ji-s-taan~ (Ø motion) for waves to hit, reach the beach lower one's hand yan~ ji-S-s-taan~ (Ø motion) for S to lower a hand stop speaking, stop talking (singular subject) II yan~ x̲'a-S-d-taan~ (Ø motion) for (singular) S to stop talking bent yóo ka-ø-tán (position) for something to be bent speak to, talk to (singular subject) yoo x̲'a-S-ø-taan~ (ø act) for (singular) S to speak to, talk to bend over, lean down (singular subject) yínde sh ka-S-d-taan~ (na motion) for (singular) S to bend over, lean down decide, make up one's mind; feel, think (a certain way) (yéi) tu-S-d-taan~ (na event) for (singular) S to decide, make up one's mind (that way) |
hairy:hairy N daa-d-s-x̲áaw (ga state) for N to have a hairy body |
hand over:let go of, release him/her/it; leave, desert him/her/it; hand him/her/it over O-ji-S-ø-naak̲~ (ø event) for S to let go, release, relinquish O; for S to leave, desert O; for S to hand over, deliver up O quit, give up (esp. drinking) O-x̲'a-S-ø-naak̲~ (Ø event) for S to quit, give up O (esp. drinking) quit, stop work ji-S-d-naak̲~ (Ø event) for S to quit, stop work |
happen:carry them, take them (plural objects) IX P-dáx̲ yéi O-S-s-neiʰ~ (ga motion) for S to pick up, lift up, take (plural) O (objects) up off of P discipline, restrain, restrict, warn not to do, prevent from doing O-ya-u-S-ø-nei~ (g̲a act) for S to discipline, restrain, restrict, warn or prevent O from doing something get revenge, get even with him/her chush yáa O-S-d-s-neiʰ~ (na event) for S to get revenge, get even with O give, take, hand them to him/her (of plural objects) N jee-t~ yéi O-S-s-neiʰ~ (ø motion) for S to give, take, hand (plural) O to N demonstrate, show how to do it; perform it N wak̲shiyeex' yéi O-S-s-neiʰ~ (na event) for S to demonstrate, perform publicly, show N how to do O by action accident (have an accident); get hurt; happen (something bad to him/her) k̲áakw-t~ O-ø-neiʰ~ (ø motion) for O to have an accident, get hurt; for something bad to happen to O straighten it out; smooth it over wooch yáx̲ O-S-s-neiʰ~ (na event) for S to straighten out O, smooth O over (literal or abstract) finish it yan~ O-S-s-neiʰ~ (ø motion) for S to finish, complete O dressed up yan~ sh S-d-s-neiʰ~ (ø event) for S to dress up ready, complete, finished; permanent yan~ O-ø-neiʰ~ (ø motion) for O to be permanent, happen for good; for O to be finished, complete, ready; for O to be prepared, ready put them down, leave them (plural round, spherical objects) yan~ yéi O-ka-S-s-neiʰ~ (ø motion) for S to put down, leave O (plural round objects) work on it; do it (yéi) O-daa-S-ø-neiʰ~ (na act) for S to do, perform O (a particular action); for S to work on O happen (yéi) at ø-neiʰ (na event) for something to happen fix it; cause that to happen to it; do that to it (yéi) O-S-s-neiʰ~ (na event) for S to do (that) to O; for S to fix, cause (that) to happen to O work; do yéi ji-S-ø-neiʰ~ (na act) for S to work; for S to do happen, occur to him/her/it (yéi) O-ø-neiʰ (na event) for (that) to happen, occur to O |
happen:fall on it (of small, compact object) IX ø-xeex~ (g̲a motion) for an object (usually small, compact) to fall fall, drop through it IX P-náx̲ ka-ø-xeex~ (g̲a motion) for something (usually a round object) to fall, drop through P hit it, fall against it, drop into it (esp. round object) P-t~ ka-ø-xeex~ (ø motion) for something (usually a round , spherical object such as a bullet, ball) to hit, fall against, drop into P blow there (esp. of strong wind) II P-t~ ø-xeex~ (Ø motion) for a strong wind to blow at P fall, drop on it; hit it (of bullet); spread, go around (of rumor or news) P-t~ ø-xeex~ (ø motion) for something to fall or drop on P; for a bullet to hit P; for a rumor, news to spread, go around at P fall around (esp. of object inside container); wobbly VII P-t ø-xeex~ (na motion) for something to fall around at P (esp. inside a container) run (singular subject) II P-t~ S-j-xeex~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to run to P, arrive at P by running move through the sky (sun, moon); fall, drop (of small object) I daak ø-xeex~ (Ø motion) for the sun, moon to come out; for something (esp. a small, compact object) to fall, drop run out of something N jeet~ shu-ø-xeex~ (ø event) for N to run out of something stuck in one's throat; choke N leitóox̲-t~ ø-xeex (Ø motion) for something to be stuck in N's throat; for N to choke on something worry him/her N tóot ø-xeex~ (na event) for something to worry N; for N to have something constantly on the mind run (singular subject) III g̲unéi S-j-xeex~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to begin running rise (of sun or moon) kei ø-xeex~ (ø motion) for the sun, moon to rise run (singular subject) VIII k̲ut S-j-xeex~ (ga motion) for (singular) S to run away end; used up shu-ø-xeex~ (na event) for something to end, come to an end, pass; for something to be used up (of supplies, etc.) run (singular subject) VII P-dé S-j-xeex~ (na motion) for (singular) S to run toward P happen, occur, take place ya-ø-xeex~ (na event) for something to take place, occur, happen set (of sun, moon) yínde ø-xeex~ (na motion) for the sun, moon to set blow (esp. of strong wind) VII ø-xeex~ (na motion) for the wind to blow |
happy:happy, glad N toowú s-góo (ga state) for N to be happy, glad want, like N tuwáa S-s-góo (ga state) for N to want, like, desire S; for S to be pleasing to N unhappy, lonesome tlél O-tu-sh-góo (ga state) for O to be unhappy, lonesome |
hard:harden, cake up ka-ø-t'éex' (ga state) for something to harden, cake up hard (esp. of round object) ka-s-t'éex' (ga state) for something to be hard (esp. of round object) difficult, hard (in abstract) ø-t'éex' (ga state) for something to be hard (abstract), difficult freeze, frozen; harden; solidify d-l-t'éex'~ (ø event) for something to harden, solidify; for something to freeze |
hate:hate him/her/it O-S-sh-k'aan~ (ga state) for S to hate O |
have a turn:polish, rub until shiny N daatx̲ k̲u-ka-S-s-haa~ (na act) for S to polish N; for S to rub N until shiny remind, cause to remember, bring to mind N káa daak O-sa-S-l-haa~ (Ø event; CV́V Hort/Pot) for S to remind O about N garden; dig a-ka-S-ø-haa~ (na act) for S to garden, dig plant it (using spade); dig it O-ka-S-ø-haa~ (na act) for S to plant O crowd, crowded, gather VII P-t~ O-ya-d-haa~ (Ø motion) for O to move in, come around, crowd at P (of large numbers, esp. people, birds) time for it P-t~ k̲u-ø-haa~ (ø motion) for the time to come for P gather it; pick it up; take it up O-ya-S-s-haa~ (ø act; CV́V Imp/Hort/Pot) for S to gather up, pick up, take up O have a turn N ée-t~ k̲u-ø-haa~ (ø motion) for N to have a turn hungry (make him/her hungry) N ée-t~ yaan-->O-S-s-haa~ (Ø motion) for S to make N hungry hungry N ée-t~ yaan ø-haa~ (ø motion) for N to be hungry dig it up kei O-ka-S-ø-haa~ (ø motion) for S to dig O up injure oneself sh tóo a-sha-S-d-l-háa (Ø event) for S to injure oneself obvious; clearly visible tlél ga-u-ø-háa (ga state) for something to be obvious, clearly visible want (often with strong feeling); decide, be decided about, intend to; agree to, be willing to (yéi) O-sa-S-ø-haa~ (na state) for S to want O (a certain way); for S to be decided about O; for S to agree to O |
heal:save him/her/it; heal, cure him/her/it O-S-s-neix̲ (g̲a event) for S to save O; for S to heal, cure O saved, healed, cured, recovered; satisfied O-ø-neix̲~ (g̲a event) for O to be saved; for O to be healed, cured, recover; for O to be satisfied |
heat:warm it up O-S-s-t'aaʰ~ (ø act) for S to warm O (water, etc.) comfort him/her N toowú S-l-t'aaʰ~ (ø act; CV́V Imp/Hort/Pot) for S to comfort N hot, warm (of weather) k̲u-ø-t'aaʰ~ (ø state) for the weather to be warm, hot warm, hot ø-t'aaʰ~ (ø event) for something to be warm, hot hot ya-ø-t'aaʰ~ (ø event) for something to be hot, heated |
held back:delayed, prevented, held back from plans (often due to inclement weather) O-ya-ø-seek~ (ø event) for O to be delayed, prevented, held back from plans (often due to inclement weather) |
help:hope for it; expect it; desire it át a-S-d-shee~ (ø event) for S to hope, desire and expect something touch, pick up á-t~ S-ø-shee~ (ø motion) for S to touch, take, pick up help, assist him/her N ée-t~ S-d-shee~ (ø event) for S (person, medicine, etc.) to help, give help to, assist N put arm(s) around him/her V N séináx̲ ya-u-S-ø-shee~ (Ø motion) for S to put arm(s) around N |
hide:hide oneself a-S-d-l-seen~ (ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to hide oneself, remain out of sight hide it; put it out of sight, conceal O-S-l-seen~ (ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to hide, conceal, put O out of sight |
hit:beat it; ring it; stab it O-S-ø-gwaal~ (ga act) for S to beat O (esp. drum), ring (bell); for S to stab O hit him/her/it in the face; punch him/her O-ya-S-ø-gwaal~ (ø event) for S to hit O in the face (with fist), punch O ring (telephone or bell) sh da-gwaal~ (ø act) for a telephone or bell to ring |
hoarse:put it out (fire); turn it off (light) O-ya-ka-S-l-kées'~ (ø event) for S to put out, extinguish O (fire); for S to turn off O (light) hoarse (make him/her have hoarse, scratchy voice) N satú --> O-ka-S-l-kées'~ (Ø event; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for S to make N have hoarse, scratchy voice hoarse (have hoarse or scratchy voice), have a tickle in the throat N satú / N leitóox̲ ka-Ø-kées'~ (Ø event; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for N's voice to be hoarse, scratchy (with N satú); for N to have a tickle in the throat (with N leitóox̲) go out (of fire, light) ya-ka-l-kées'~ (ø event) for a fire, light to go out end, pass (of month) (ya-)ka-ø-kées'~ (Ø event; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for a month to end, pass |
hold:catch it; grab him/her/it; arrest him/her/it; trap him/her/it O-S-ø-sháat~ (ga event) for S to catch O; for S to grab, take hold of, snatch O; for S to arrest O; for S to trap O gust (move in gusts (of weather)) II P-t~ a-ya-ø-sháat~ (Ø motion) for the wind, weather to move in gusts to P hold it; capture it; hold it captive O-S-l-sháat~ (g̲a act) for S to hold, retain O in one's grasp; for S to capture, hold O captive change one's mind k̲ux̲ tu-S-d-sháat~ (ø motion) for S to change one's mind |
hold:hold more, contain more; hold a lot (of container) l-yék (ga state) for something to hold more, contain more; for something to hold a lot |
hole:hole (have a hole, outlet) ø-wóol (ga state) for something to have a hole, outlet |
hook:hook it; gaff it (of fish) O-S-ø-k'éex̲'~ (ø event) for S to hook O; for S to gaff O hook it in the head; gaff it in the head (of fish) O-sha-S-ø-k'éex̲'~ (ø event) for S to hook O in the head; for S to gaff O in the head delayed; stuck, hung up there; hooked P-náx̲ O-sh-k'éex̲'~ (ga motion) for O to get delayed, stuck, hung up, hooked at P |
hope:hope for it; expect it; desire it át a-S-d-shee~ (ø event) for S to hope, desire and expect something touch, pick up á-t~ S-ø-shee~ (ø motion) for S to touch, take, pick up help, assist him/her N ée-t~ S-d-shee~ (ø event) for S (person, medicine, etc.) to help, give help to, assist N put arm(s) around him/her V N séináx̲ ya-u-S-ø-shee~ (Ø motion) for S to put arm(s) around Na |
hot:hot (of fire); throw, radiate heat II P-t~ s-t'áax̲'~ (Ø motion) for a fire, etc. to be hot, radiate, throw out heat at P |
hug:hug him/her II N séit~ ka-S-d-dootl~ (Ø motion) for S to hug N |
hung up:hook it; gaff it (of fish) O-S-ø-k'éex̲'~ (ø event) for S to hook O; for S to gaff O hook it in the head; gaff it in the head (of fish) O-sha-S-ø-k'éex̲'~ (ø event) for S to hook O in the head; for S to gaff O in the head delayed; stuck, hung up there; hooked P-náx̲ O-sh-k'éex̲'~ (ga motion) for O to get delayed, stuck, hung up, hooked at P |
hungry:polish, rub until shiny N daatx̲ k̲u-ka-S-s-haa~ (na act) for S to polish N; for S to rub N until shiny remind, cause to remember, bring to mind N káa daak O-sa-S-l-haa~ (Ø event; CV́V Hort/Pot) for S to remind O about N garden; dig a-ka-S-ø-haa~ (na act) for S to garden, dig plant it (using spade); dig it O-ka-S-ø-haa~ (na act) for S to plant O crowd, crowded, gather VII P-t~ O-ya-d-haa~ (Ø motion) for O to move in, come around, crowd at P (of large numbers, esp. people, birds) time for it P-t~ k̲u-ø-haa~ (ø motion) for the time to come for P gather it; pick it up; take it up O-ya-S-s-haa~ (ø act; CV́V Imp/Hort/Pot) for S to gather up, pick up, take up O have a turn N ée-t~ k̲u-ø-haa~ (ø motion) for N to have a turn hungry (make him/her hungry) N ée-t~ yaan-->O-S-s-haa~ (Ø motion) for S to make N hungry hungry N ée-t~ yaan ø-haa~ (ø motion) for N to be hungry dig it up kei O-ka-S-ø-haa~ (ø motion) for S to dig O up injure oneself sh tóo a-sha-S-d-l-háa (Ø event) for S to injure oneself obvious; clearly visible tlél ga-u-ø-háa (ga state) for something to be obvious, clearly visible want (often with strong feeling); decide, be decided about, intend to; agree to, be willing to (yéi) O-sa-S-ø-haa~ (na state) for S to want O (a certain way); for S to be decided about O; for S to agree to O |
hungry:hungry for it, crave it P-dáx̲ x̲'a-S-d-nook~ (Ø event) for S to be hungry for, crave P touch, feel it (esp. with hands) jée O-S-d-nook~ (ø state) for S to touch, feel O (esp. with hands) blow, be felt (of breeze, light wind) du-ø-nook~ (ø event) for the wind to blow, be felt (esp. a breeze, light wind) angry, mad, mean x'áan-t~ S-ø-nook~ (ø motion) for S to be angry, mad, mean taste it x̲'éi O-S-d-nook~ (ø state) for S to taste, sample O prove, verify, find out and be sure of; investigate, make trial of, test out yan~ O-ka-S-nook~ (Ø motion) for S to prove, verify, find out and be sure of O; for S to investigate, make trial of, test out O do, behave like, act (in a certain way) (yéi) k̲u-S-ø-nook~ (na act) for S to behave, do, act (in a certain way) feel (a certain way) (yéi) sh tu-S-d-nook~ (na state) for S to feel (that way) (esp. physical sensation) taste (a certain way) (yéi) du-ø-nook (Ø state) for something to taste (a certain way) |
hunt:hunt a-S-ø-l'óon (na act) for S to hunt hunt it, stalk it O-S-ø-l'óon (na act) for S to hunt O (wild game) |
hurry:hurry sh yáa S-d-wootl~ (Ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to be in a hurry |
imitate:imitate him/her; mimic his/her speech; quote him/her O-x̲'a-S-ø-teeʰ (na act) for S to imitate O; for S to mimic O's speech; for S to quote O |
improper:improper; against the law ku-d-géik̲ (ga state) |
infected:infected (of wound) d-l-k̲éet'~ (ø event; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for a wound to be infected, have pus |
inherit:inherit, receive property at the death of someone O-S-ø-naa~ (Ø event) for S to inherit O bury with appropriate ceremonial, give burial to and disperse property O-S-s-naa~ (na event) for S to bury O with appropriate ceremonial; for S to give O burial and disperse property die O-ø-naa~ (na event) for O to die |
inject:thread needle N k'éenáx̲ O-ya-u-S-l-tsaak̲~ (Ø motion; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to thread N (needle) pole canoe, push boat with pole I daak O-S-l-tsaak̲~ (Ø motion) for S to pole, push O (canoe, boat) out away from the beach with a pole reach for, reach out (one's hand) (N g̲áa) daak ji-S-l-tsaak̲~ (Ø motion) for S to reach a hand out (for N) raise one's hand (in voting, etc.) kei ji-S-l-tsaak̲~ (ø event) for (singular) S to raise the hand (in voting, etc.) inject, give shot N tóode O-ka-S-l-tsaak̲~ (na motion) for S to inject O into N plug in (electrical cord) II O-shu-S-l-tsaak̲~ (Ø motion) for S to plug in O (electrical cord) |
injure:injure, hurt, wound, bruise him/her O-S-l-choon~ (Ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to injure, hurt, wound, bruise O injured, wounded, bruised (physically); hurt (emotionally) O-d-choon~ (ø event) for O to be wounded, injured, bruised; for O to be hurt (emotionally) |
injure:polish, rub until shiny N daatx̲ k̲u-ka-S-s-haa~ (na act) for S to polish N; for S to rub N until shiny remind, cause to remember, bring to mind N káa daak O-sa-S-l-haa~ (Ø event; CV́V Hort/Pot) for S to remind O about N garden; dig a-ka-S-ø-haa~ (na act) for S to garden, dig plant it (using spade); dig it O-ka-S-ø-haa~ (na act) for S to plant O crowd, crowded, gather VII P-t~ O-ya-d-haa~ (Ø motion) for O to move in, come around, crowd at P (of large numbers, esp. people, birds) time for it P-t~ k̲u-ø-haa~ (ø motion) for the time to come for P gather it; pick it up; take it up O-ya-S-s-haa~ (ø act; CV́V Imp/Hort/Pot) for S to gather up, pick up, take up O have a turn N ée-t~ k̲u-ø-haa~ (ø motion) for N to have a turn hungry (make him/her hungry) N ée-t~ yaan-->O-S-s-haa~ (Ø motion) for S to make N hungry hungry N ée-t~ yaan ø-haa~ (ø motion) for N to be hungry dig it up kei O-ka-S-ø-haa~ (ø motion) for S to dig O up injure oneself sh tóo a-sha-S-d-l-háa (Ø event) for S to injure oneself obvious; clearly visible tlél ga-u-ø-háa (ga state) for something to be obvious, clearly visible want (often with strong feeling); decide, be decided about, intend to; agree to, be willing to (yéi) O-sa-S-ø-haa~ (na state) for S to want O (a certain way); for S to be decided about O; for S to agree to O |
injure:injure, hurt him/her/it O-ka-S-ø-tseits~ (Ø event) for S to injure, hurt O injured, hurt (feelings) at ka-S-ø-tseits~ (Ø event) for S to get injured; for S to have hurt feelings |
instruct:instruct, show him/her; advise, counsel him/her O-shu-ka-S-ø-jaaʰ~ (ø act; CV́V Imp/Hort/Pot) for S to instruct, show O (by word); for S to advise, give advice to, counsel O |
insufficient:insufficient, not enough ya-ka-u-ø-.áatl' (na state) for something to be insufficient, not enough |
intelligent:understand, comprehend N daa yaa k̲u-shu-s-géi (ga state) for N to understand, comprehend foolish, dull, unwise, crazy tlél yaa k̲u-S-d-sh-géi (ga state) for S to be foolish, dull, unwise, or crazy intelligent, smart, wise yaa k̲u-S-d-s-géi (ga state) for S to be intelligent, smart, wise |
interpret:tell, report about it; witness, testify about it O-ka-S-ø-neek~ (na act) for S to tell about, report about, give facts about O; for S to witness to, tell about, testify about O tell the story of it; talk into it O-ka-S-l-neek (na act) for S to tell the story of O; for S to talk into O explain it (N een) k̲unáax̲ daak O-ka-S-ø-neek~ (Ø act) for S to explain O (to N) tell on, inform on, betray (secret) kei O-ka-S-ø-neek~ (Ø motion) for S to tell on, inform on, betray O tell a story, narrate; preach sh ka-S-d-l-neek (na act) for S to preach, narrate, tell a story |
intoxicate:intoxicate him/her, get him/her drunk O-ka-S-l-shooʰ~ (na event) for S to intoxicate O torment, persecute (esp. physically), ill-treat, cause to suffer eeshandéin yoo O-ka-S-l-shooʰ~ (Ø event) for S to torment, persecute or ill-treat O; for S to cause O to suffer intoxicated, drunk O-ka-ø-shooʰ~ (na event) for O to be intoxicated |
investigate:investigate it; research it O-ka-S-ø-tlaakw~ (na event) for S to investigate, make inquiry into, research O tell a legend O-S-ø-tlaakw~ (ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to tell, recount, narrate O (legend, myth, fairy tale, etc.) whisper k̲u-S-ø-tlaakw~ (Ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to whisper |
invite:call out to him/her; shout to, holler at him/her O-S-ø-.éex' (na act) for S to call out to, shout to, holler at O invite him/her O-S-ø-.éex' (g̲a event) for S to invite O, ask O to a party |
itchy:tire him/her O-S-l-xweitl~ (ø event) for S to tire O, make O tired (either physically or emotionally) itch, tickle ka-S-l-xweitl~ (ø event) for S to itch, tickle tired, weary O-d-xweitl~ (ø event) for O to be tired, weary |
joke:tease, joke about (esp. particular tribal relations, such as paternal uncle); bad-mouth him/her O-S-ø-xwéi (na act) for S to tease, joke about O (esp. particular tribal relations, such as paternal uncle); for S to bad-mouth O |
jump:jump around (singular subject) P-t S-j-k'éin~ (na motion) for (singular) S to jump around at P jump (plural subject) kei O-ka-du-ø-k'éin~ (ø motion) for (plural) O to jump (see ji-k'ein for singular) |
keep:keep, save, store up (usually food, for winter or for special occasion) O-S-l-tsáakw (g̲a state) for S to keep, save, store up O (usually food for winter or for special occasion) last a long time, be durable (esp. of clothing, machinery, etc.) O-ø-tsáakw (ga state) for O to last a long time, be durable (esp. of clothing, machinery, etc.) |
kick:kick it; stamp it (with foot) O-S-ø-tseix̲~ (ø act) for S to kick O; for S to stamp O, put foot down on O violently |
kill:kill it O-S-ø-jaak̲~ (Ø event) for S to kill O fall asleep (one person) táach O-S-ø-jaak̲~ (ø event) for (singular) O to fall asleep (literally: for S (sleep) to kill (singular) O) |
kind:kind, gentle O-tu-l-.aan (ga state) for O to be kind, gentle attractive, good-looking, pleasant-faced O-ya-ka-s-.aan (ga state) for O to be attractive, good-looking, pleasant-faced |
kiss:examine, inspect it; judge, assess it N daa ya-S-d-s-.aa~ (na act) for S to examine, inspect, look into, judge, assess N kiss him/her N x̲'éi-t~ ya-S-d-s-.aa~ (ø motion) for S to kiss N |
knead:knead it, press it, pat it (with palm of hand) O-ka-S-ø-choox~ (ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to knead, press, pat O with palm of hand |
knit:knit it; weave it; crochet it; mend it (net) O-ka-S-s-nei~ (na act) for S to make O (cloth of any kind) (by weaving, knitting, or crocheting); for S to make or mend O (net) respect him/her N yáa a-ya-u-S-ø-néi (ga act) for S to respect, regard highly, think highly of N knit; weave; crochet ka-S-d-s-nei~ (ø act) for S to knit, weave, or crochet |
know:know how to do it; learn how to do it O-S-sh-góok (ga state) for S to know, learn how to do O |
know:know it O-S-s-kooʰ~ (ø event; CV́V Imp/Hort/Pot) for S to know, be acquainted with, make known O (esp. people, facts); for S to learn O (esp. facts) |
lack:lack, be short of (with amount specified; used esp. of time 'from now'); gone O-u-ø-yeix̲~ (na act) for O to be lacking; for O to be gone |
land:squat, sit down low; land (of bird or plane) S-j-k̲aak̲~ (g̲a event) for S to squat, sit down low; for S to sit down quickly, squat down; for S to land (of waterfowl, plane) (singular subject) |
laugh:laugh at it O-S-ø-shook̲~ (ø act) for S to laugh at O laugh; smile (often with laughter) at S-ø-shook̲~ (ø act) for S to laugh laugh; smile (often with laughter) at S-ø-shook̲ (na act) for S to laugh; for S to smile (often with laughter) |
lay eggs:lay eggs; nest a-d-l-k'wáat'~ (na event; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for birds to lay eggs, nest |
lazy:lazy, slow a-u-S-d-s-kaa (ga state) for S to be lazy, slow |
lead:appoint, choose for a certain position (plural object) I a tóo daak O-S-s-.aat~ (Ø motion) for S to appoint (plural) O, choose O for a certain position lead them yaa O-shu-S-ø-.aat~ (ga event) for S to lead (plural) O (especially by walking ahead) go on foot (plural subject) II P-t~ S-ø-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to walk, go (by walking or as a general term) to P walking, going along there (of plural subjects) P-x̲ yaa S-ø-.aat~ (ga motion) for (plural) S to be walking, going (by foot or as general term) along P (basically plural; see goot for singular) go on foot (plural subject) IX P-x̲ S-ø-.aat~ (g̲a motion) for (plural) S to walk, go (by walking or as a general term) down along P go on foot (plural subject) V N jikaadáx̲ ya-u-S-ø-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to get out of N's way go on foot (plural subject) III gági S-ø-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to emerge, walk out into the open go to the bathroom (plural subject) VII gánde S-ø-.aat~ (na motion) for (plural) S to go to the bathroom go on foot (plural subject) VI a-ya-u-S-d-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to turn back, go back (by walking or as general term) go on foot (plural subject) VII P-dé S-ø-.aat~ (na motion) for (plural) S to walk, go (by walking or as a general term) to P go on foot (plural subject) I kei S-ø-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to walk up, go up (by walking or as a general term) attack someone ji-S-d-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to attack, assault, fall upon go on foot (plural subject) VIII k̲ut S-ø-.aat~ (ga motion) for (plural) S to get lost (on foot) go back (plural subject) I k̲ux̲~ S-d-.aat~ (Ø motion) for (plural) S to go back, return let in (esp. animal); welcome in, receive (plural object) II neil~ O-S-s-.aat~ (Ø motion) for S to let in, welcome in (plural) O gather together, assemble, congregate (esp. for meetings) woosh kaanáx̲ S-d-.aat~ (ga event) for (plural) S to assemble, congregate, gather together (for meetings) gather, assemble, congregate (esp. for meetings) II woosh x̲oo-t~ S-d-.aat~ (ø motion) for S to assemble, congregate, gather together (for meetings) bend over, lean down (plural subject) yínde sh ka-S-l-.aat~ (na motion) for (plural) S to bend over, lean down |
leak:drip, leak (at fairly fast rate) ka-l-x'áas (ø event) for something to drip, leak (at fairly fast rate) |
leap:leap, pounce on him/her/it II P-t~ sh S-d-l-gáas'~ (Ø motion) for S to leap, pounce on P move there VII P-dé O-l-gáas'~ (na motion) for O to move household (with future plans unspecified) to P move there II P-t~ O-l-gáas'~ (ø motion) for O to move household (with future plans unspecified) to P fall on face; nod off, fall asleep while sitting up yan~ O-ya-ø-gáas'~ (ø motion) for O to fall on face; for O to nod off, fall asleep while sitting up |
learn:know how to do it; learn how to do it O-S-sh-góok (ga state) for S to know, learn how to do O |
learn:know it O-S-s-kooʰ~ (ø event; CV́V Imp/Hort/Pot) for S to know, be acquainted with, make known O (esp. people, facts); for S to learn O (esp. facts) |
learn:read it, count it O-S-ø-tóow (na act) for S to read O teach him/her P-x' at S-l-tóow (ø act) for S to teach P teach it to him/her P-x' O-S-l-tóow (ø act) for S to teach O to P study; teach oneself sh tóo at S-d-l-tóow (ø act) for S to study, teach oneself study, learn it; practice it sh tóo O-S-d-l-tóow (ø act) for S to study, learn O; for S to practice, rehearse O read, count S-d-tóow (na act) for S to read, count |
leave:leave, go, come to it (of group of people) II P-t~ O-ka-d-k'éet'~ (Ø motion) for O (group of people) to all leave, go or come to P go (of group of people) VII P-dé O-ka-d-k'éet'~ (na motion) for O (group of people) to all leave, go or come to P pick berries k̲u-S-ø-k'éet'~ (ø act; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for S to pick berries (esp. pick in quantity to take home) |
leave:let go of, release him/her/it; leave, desert him/her/it; hand him/her/it over O-ji-S-ø-naak̲~ (ø event) for S to let go, release, relinquish O; for S to leave, desert O; for S to hand over, deliver up O quit, give up (esp. drinking) O-x̲'a-S-ø-naak̲~ (Ø event) for S to quit, give up O (esp. drinking) quit, stop work ji-S-d-naak̲~ (Ø event) for S to quit, stop work |
leave alone:leave him/her/it alone, stop bothering him/her/it yan~ O-S-l-ts'éin~ (Ø motion) for S to leave O alone, stop bothering O quieten, stop talking yan~ O-x̲'a-ka-S-l-ts'éin~ (ø motion) for S to quieten O, cause O to stop talking quieten down, stop talking yan~ x̲'a-S-d-ts'éin~ (ø motion) for S to quieten down, stop talking |
let go:let go of, release him/her/it; leave, desert him/her/it; hand him/her/it over O-ji-S-ø-naak̲~ (ø event) for S to let go, release, relinquish O; for S to leave, desert O; for S to hand over, deliver up O quit, give up (esp. drinking) O-x̲'a-S-ø-naak̲~ (Ø event) for S to quit, give up O (esp. drinking) quit, stop work ji-S-d-naak̲~ (Ø event) for S to quit, stop work |
let in:appoint, choose for a certain position (plural object) I a tóo daak O-S-s-.aat~ (Ø motion) for S to appoint (plural) O, choose O for a certain position lead them yaa O-shu-S-ø-.aat~ (ga event) for S to lead (plural) O (especially by walking ahead) go on foot (plural subject) II P-t~ S-ø-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to walk, go (by walking or as a general term) to P walking, going along there (of plural subjects) P-x̲ yaa S-ø-.aat~ (ga motion) for (plural) S to be walking, going (by foot or as general term) along P (basically plural; see goot for singular) go on foot (plural subject) IX P-x̲ S-ø-.aat~ (g̲a motion) for (plural) S to walk, go (by walking or as a general term) down along P go on foot (plural subject) V N jikaadáx̲ ya-u-S-ø-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to get out of N's way go on foot (plural subject) III gági S-ø-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to emerge, walk out into the open go to the bathroom (plural subject) VII gánde S-ø-.aat~ (na motion) for (plural) S to go to the bathroom go on foot (plural subject) VI a-ya-u-S-d-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to turn back, go back (by walking or as general term) go on foot (plural subject) VII P-dé S-ø-.aat~ (na motion) for (plural) S to walk, go (by walking or as a general term) to P go on foot (plural subject) I kei S-ø-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to walk up, go up (by walking or as a general term) attack someone ji-S-d-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to attack, assault, fall upon go on foot (plural subject) VIII k̲ut S-ø-.aat~ (ga motion) for (plural) S to get lost (on foot) go back (plural subject) I k̲ux̲~ S-d-.aat~ (Ø motion) for (plural) S to go back, return let in (esp. animal); welcome in, receive (plural object) II neil~ O-S-s-.aat~ (Ø motion) for S to let in, welcome in (plural) O gather together, assemble, congregate (esp. for meetings) woosh kaanáx̲ S-d-.aat~ (ga event) for (plural) S to assemble, congregate, gather together (for meetings) gather, assemble, congregate (esp. for meetings) II woosh x̲oo-t~ S-d-.aat~ (ø motion) for S to assemble, congregate, gather together (for meetings) bend over, lean down (plural subject) yínde sh ka-S-l-.aat~ (na motion) for (plural) S to bend over, lean down |
let in:follow him/her/it (singular subject) IX N ítx̲ yaa S-ø-goot~ (ga motion) for (singular) S to follow N (on foot) appoint, choose for a certain position (singular object) I a tóo daak O-S-s-goot~ (Ø motion) for S to appoint (singular) O, choose O for a certain position go on foot (singular subject) II P-t~ S-ø-goot~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to arrive at P, go to P (by walking or as general term) go on foot (singular subject) IX P-x̲ S-ø-goot~ (g̲a motion) for (singular) S to walk, go (by walking or as a general term) down along P go on foot (singular subject) V N jikaadáx̲ ya-u-S-ø-goot~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to get out of N's way go on foot (singular subject) VI a-ya-u-S-d-goot~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to turn back, go back (by walking or as general term) go on foot (singular subject) III gági S-ø-goot~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to emerge, walk out into the open go to the bathroom (singular subject) VII gánde S-ø-goot~ (na motion) for (singular) S to go to the bathroom go on foot (singular subject) I kei S-ø-goot~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to walk, go up (by walking or as general term) go on foot (singular subject) VIII k̲ut S-ø-goot~ (ga motion) for (singular) S to get lost (on foot) go back (singular subject) I k̲ux̲~ S-d-goot~ (Ø motion) for (singular) S to go back, return let in (esp. animal); welcome in, receive (singular object) II neil~ O-S-s-goot~ (Ø motion) for S to let in, welcome in (singular) O go on foot (singular subject) VII P-dé S-ø-goot~ (na motion) for (singular) S to walk, go (by walking or as general term) away from P |
let out:appoint, choose for a certain position (plural object) I a tóo daak O-S-s-.aat~ (Ø motion) for S to appoint (plural) O, choose O for a certain position lead them yaa O-shu-S-ø-.aat~ (ga event) for S to lead (plural) O (especially by walking ahead) go on foot (plural subject) II P-t~ S-ø-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to walk, go (by walking or as a general term) to P walking, going along there (of plural subjects) P-x̲ yaa S-ø-.aat~ (ga motion) for (plural) S to be walking, going (by foot or as general term) along P (basically plural; see goot for singular) go on foot (plural subject) IX P-x̲ S-ø-.aat~ (g̲a motion) for (plural) S to walk, go (by walking or as a general term) down along P go on foot (plural subject) V N jikaadáx̲ ya-u-S-ø-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to get out of N's way go on foot (plural subject) III gági S-ø-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to emerge, walk out into the open go to the bathroom (plural subject) VII gánde S-ø-.aat~ (na motion) for (plural) S to go to the bathroom go on foot (plural subject) VI a-ya-u-S-d-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to turn back, go back (by walking or as general term) go on foot (plural subject) VII P-dé S-ø-.aat~ (na motion) for (plural) S to walk, go (by walking or as a general term) to P go on foot (plural subject) I kei S-ø-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to walk up, go up (by walking or as a general term) attack someone ji-S-d-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to attack, assault, fall upon go on foot (plural subject) VIII k̲ut S-ø-.aat~ (ga motion) for (plural) S to get lost (on foot) go back (plural subject) I k̲ux̲~ S-d-.aat~ (Ø motion) for (plural) S to go back, return let in (esp. animal); welcome in, receive (plural object) II neil~ O-S-s-.aat~ (Ø motion) for S to let in, welcome in (plural) O gather together, assemble, congregate (esp. for meetings) woosh kaanáx̲ S-d-.aat~ (ga event) for (plural) S to assemble, congregate, gather together (for meetings) gather, assemble, congregate (esp. for meetings) II woosh x̲oo-t~ S-d-.aat~ (ø motion) for S to assemble, congregate, gather together (for meetings) bend over, lean down (plural subject) yínde sh ka-S-l-.aat~ (na motion) for (plural) S to bend over, lean down |
let out:follow him/her/it (singular subject) IX N ítx̲ yaa S-ø-goot~ (ga motion) for (singular) S to follow N (on foot) appoint, choose for a certain position (singular object) I a tóo daak O-S-s-goot~ (Ø motion) for S to appoint (singular) O, choose O for a certain position go on foot (singular subject) II P-t~ S-ø-goot~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to arrive at P, go to P (by walking or as general term) go on foot (singular subject) IX P-x̲ S-ø-goot~ (g̲a motion) for (singular) S to walk, go (by walking or as a general term) down along P go on foot (singular subject) V N jikaadáx̲ ya-u-S-ø-goot~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to get out of N's way go on foot (singular subject) VI a-ya-u-S-d-goot~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to turn back, go back (by walking or as general term) go on foot (singular subject) III gági S-ø-goot~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to emerge, walk out into the open go to the bathroom (singular subject) VII gánde S-ø-goot~ (na motion) for (singular) S to go to the bathroom go on foot (singular subject) I kei S-ø-goot~ (ø motion) for (singular) S to walk, go up (by walking or as general term) go on foot (singular subject) VIII k̲ut S-ø-goot~ (ga motion) for (singular) S to get lost (on foot) go back (singular subject) I k̲ux̲~ S-d-goot~ (Ø motion) for (singular) S to go back, return let in (esp. animal); welcome in, receive (singular object) II neil~ O-S-s-goot~ (Ø motion) for S to let in, welcome in (singular) O go on foot (singular subject) VII P-dé S-ø-goot~ (na motion) for (singular) S to walk, go (by walking or as general term) away from P |
lick:lick it, lap it up O-S-ø-tléit'~ (Ø act) for S to lick, lap up O |
lie1:lie sh k̲'a-S-d-l-yeil~ (ø event) for S to lie, deceive |
lie2:think over, consider, make up one's mind about (plural subject) N daa yoo tu-S-l-.aat~ (ø act) for (plural) S to think over, consider, make up one's mind about N change one's mind; think it over and reconsider, be converted (plural subject) N daatx̲ k̲ux̲ tu-S-d-l-.aat~ (Ø motion) for (plural) S to change mind about N; for (plural) S to think over and reconsider N button it up aanáx̲ O-ka-S-l-.aat~ (Ø act) for S to button up O lying there (to have small objects lying there) P-t O-ka-S-l-.át (position) for S to have O (small objects) lying at P lie there (of small objects) P-t ka-l-.át (position) for small objects to lie at P lie there (of several things; of dead or unconscious persons or animals) P-t l-.át (position) for several things to lie at P; for several persons or animals to lie dead, unconscious, or incapacitated at P carry them, take them (esp. baggage) VII P-dé O-S-l-.aat~ (na motion) for S to carry, take (plural) O (esp. baggage) to P speak, talk to him/her (plural subject) N ée-t~ x̲'a-S-l-.aat~ (ø motion) for (plural) S to speak, talk to N give, take, hand it to him/her (small, round or hoop-like objects) N jee-t~ O-ka-S-l-.aat~ (ø event) for S to give, take, hand O (small, round or hoop-like objects) to N give, take, hand them to him/her (esp. baggage and personal belongings) N jee-t~ O-S-l-.aat~ (ø motion) for S to give, take, hand (plural) O (esp. baggage and personal belongings) to N lying down (of human) (plural subject) (P-t) sh S-d-l-.át (position) for (plural) S to be lying down (at P) speak, talk, make speech (plural subject) x̲'a-S-l-.aat~ (na event) or (plural) S to speak, talk, make a speech turn the wheel (boat, car) I kei O-ya-S-l-.aat~ (ø motion) for S to turn O (boat, car) put it down, leave it (esp. baggage and personal belongings) yan~ O-S-l-.aat~ (ø motion) for S to put down, lay down, leave (plural) O (esp. baggage and personal belongings) lie down (of human) (plural subject) yan~ sh S-d-l-.aat~ (Ø motion) for (plural) S to lie down stop speaking, stop talking (plural subject) II yan~ x̲'a-S-l-.aat~ (Ø motion) for (plural) S to stop talking speak to, talk to, converse (plural subject) yoo x̲'a-S-l-.aat~ (ø act) for (plural) S to speak, talk, converse |
lie2:carry it, take it (textile-like object, blanket, coat, robe, sheet, etc.) VII P-t O-S-ø-.aax̲~ (na motion) for S to carry, take O (a textile-like object, blanket, coat, robe, sheet) around at P lie there (of hide-like object, blanket, coat, robe, sheet) P-t ø-.áx̲ (position) for a hide-like object, blanket, coat, robe, sheet to lie at P give, take, hand it to him/her (textile-like object, blanket, coat, robe, sheet, etc.) N jee-t~ O-S-ø-.aax̲~ (ø motion) for S to give, take, hand O (textile-like object) to N take it off (shirt, dress, coat, etc.) I kaax̲ kei O-S-d-.aax̲~ (Ø motion) for S to take off O (shirt, dress, coat, etc.) |
lie2:lying down (of human) (singular subject) (P-t) sh S-d-s-táan~ (position) for (singular) S to be lying down (at P) lie down (of human) (singular subject) yan~ sh S-d-s-taa~ (Ø motion) for (singular) S to lie down |
lie2:lying there (to have a round, spherical object lying there) P-t O-ka-S-ø-téen (position) for S to have (round, spherical) O lying at P sit there (of solid, complex object) P-t s-téen (position) for a solid, often complex object to sit at P carry it, take it (general, often compact object) II N jee-t~ O-S-ø-tee~ (ø motion) for S to give, take, hand O (general, esp. abstract objects) to N cry, weep, mourn, howl (plural subject) g̲ax̲-S-s-tee~ (ga act) for (plural) S to cry, weep, mourn; for (plural) S to howl (esp. of wolves) take it off (shirt, dress, coat, etc.) I kaax̲ kei O-S-d-tee~ (Ø motion) for S to take off O (shirt, dress, coat, etc.) wear it; have it on kát O-S-d-tee~ (position) for S to wear O impregnate yát N jee-t~ O-S-ø-tee~ (Ø motion) for S to get N pregnant with O (baby) |
light:burn, catch alight; for a light to be on P-t~ a-ka-ø-gaan~ (ø motion) for P (light) to be on; for P (fire) to burn, catch alight light; set fire to; cause to shine; turn on (light) P-t~ a-ka-S-l-gaan~ (Ø motion) for S to light, set fire to, cause P to shine; for S to turn P on (light) shine (of sun) a-d-gaan~ (g̲a event) for the sun to shine shine, be bright; produce light by burning ka-d-gáan~ (ø event) for something to shine, produce light by burning burn it up kei O-S-s-gaan~ (ø motion) for S to burn O up |
like:happy, glad N toowú s-góo (ga state) for N to be happy, glad want, like N tuwáa S-s-góo (ga state) for N to want, like, desire S; for S to be pleasing to N unhappy, lonesome tlél O-tu-sh-góo (ga state) for O to be unhappy, lonesome |
limp:limp, be lame, walk unevenly O-l-k̲áchk (ga state) for O to limp, be lame, walk unevenly |
listen:listen for him/her/it VII P-g̲aa k̲u-S-s-.aax̲~ (na motion) for S to listen for P hear it O-S-ø-.aax̲~ (ø event) for S to hear O hear him/her/it (usually voice) sa-S-ø-.aax̲~ (ø event) for S to hear O (a voice, esp. singing) listen to it P-t~ S-s-.aax̲~ (ø motion) for S to listen to P play it (musical instrument) O-S-l-.aax̲~ (ø act) for S to play O (musical instrument) understand, comprehend him/her/it; hear him/her/it with understanding O-x̲'a-S-ø-.aax̲~ (ø event) for S to hear O with understanding; for S to understand, comprehend O hear it (be able to hear it) O-S-ø-.áx̲ch (ga state) for S to be able to hear O listen to him/her (take time to listen) N x̲'éide k̲u-S-s-.aax̲~ (na motion) for S to (take time to) listen to N listen to, obey him/her N x̲'éi-t~ S-s-.aax̲~ (ø motion) for S to listen to, obey, give heed to N |
live:live (at a place) k̲u-S-ø-.oo~ (na state) for S to live, live at, dwell permanently put them, leave them there P-x' yéi O-S-ø-.oo (na event) for S to put, leave (plural) O at P pregnant, have a baby atk'átsk'u/yát(k') O-S-ø-.oo (na event) for S to have O (baby), be pregnant with O (baby) own, possess, have O-S-ø-.oo (na state) for S to own, possess, have O forgive, excuse him/her ch'a aadé yéi O-S-ø-.oo (na event) for S to forgive, excuse O dress him/her/it N náa yéi sha-S-ø-.oo (na act) for S to dress N frustrate him/her N toowú x̲'ool yáx̲ O-S-ø-.oo (na state; CV́V Imperfective) for S to frustrate N get dressed náa(x') yéi sha-S-d-.oo (na act) for S to get dressed angry, mean x'áan a-S-ø-.oo (na state; CV́V Imperfective) for S to be angry, mean wear it; use it yéi O-S-ø-.oo (na state) for S to wear, put on, dress in O; for S to use O |
lively:pout, sulk, refuse to speak; refuse to run (of machine) tu-S-d-.oos~ (ø event) for S to pout, sulk, refuse to speak; for a machine to refuse to run noisy; lively; crazy O-l-.oos (ga state) for O to be crazy, lively, noisy, never still talkative, talk nonsense, gossipy, noisy O-x̲'a-l-.oos (ga state) for O to be talkative, talk nonsense, be gossipy, or noisy |
load:donate it; load it (gun); shoot it (basketball) O-ka-S-ø-g̲éex' (na event) for S to donate O (esp. money); for S to load O (gun), put bullet in; for S to shoot O (basketball) contribute to it; donate to it; add to it P-t~ ka-S-d-g̲éex'~ (ø motion) for S to donate, contribute, add to P contribute, donate ka-S-d-g̲éex'~ (na event) for S to donate, contribute throw it up in the air (esp. ball) I kei O-ka-S-ø-g̲éex'~ (ø motion) for S to throw O (esp. ball) up in the air lose it k̲ut O-S-ø-g̲éex'~ (ga motion) for S to lose O lose it (round, spherical object) k̲ut O-ka-S-ø-g̲éex'~ (ga motion) for S to lose O (round, spherical object) |
lock:wind it O-ka-S-l-téex̲'~ (na event) for S to wind O |
lock:screw it on it II P-t~ O-ka-S-l-téex̲'~ (Ø motion) for S to screw O into P crooked; wicked O-ka-d-s-téix̲'~ (ø event) for O to be crooked, wicked lock it x̲'éi-t~ O-ka-S-l-téex̲'~ (ø event) for S to lock O |
lonely:lonely O-l-teesh~ (g̲a event) for O to be lonely |
long:long (of stick-like object) ø-yáat'~ (na state) for an object to be long (usually stick-like objects) long (of time or physical object) l-yát' (na state) for something to be long (of time or physical object) long (of time) yee-ø-yáat'~ (na state) for something to be long (of time) long (that long, of stick-like object) (yéi) ka-u-ø-yáat'~ (na state) for an object (usually stick-like) to be (so) long long (that long) (yéi) ka-u-l-yáat' (na state) for something to be (so) long |
look:look at it P-t~ a-S-d-l-g̲ein~ (ø motion) for S to look at P |
look:look around, about VII P-t a-S-d-l-g̲ein~ (na motion) for S to look around, about P |
look:snap eyes at (indicating anger, dislike, or suspicion), look askance at, glance at and away again N yaax̲ kei a-ka-S-d-l-t'áas'~ (Ø motion) for S to snap eyes at, look askance at, or glance at N (indicating anger, dislike, or suspicion) |
look for:search for; look for P-g̲áa k̲u-S-ø-sheeʰ~ (na act) for S to search for, look for P |
look like:look like it, resemble it N yáx̲ ka-ø-xaat~ (ø state; CV́C Hort/Pot) for something to resemble N (esp. in shape) |
look like:look like, resemble him/her/it; identical with him/her/it O-S-u-ø-yaa~ (g̲a state) for S to resemble, look like O; for S to be almost identical with O |
lose:donate it; load it (gun); shoot it (basketball) O-ka-S-ø-g̲éex' (na event) for S to donate O (esp. money); for S to load O (gun), put bullet in; for S to shoot O (basketball) contribute to it; donate to it; add to it P-t~ ka-S-d-g̲éex'~ (ø motion) for S to donate, contribute, add to P contribute, donate ka-S-d-g̲éex'~ (na event) for S to donate, contribute throw it up in the air (esp. ball) I kei O-ka-S-ø-g̲éex'~ (ø motion) for S to throw O (esp. ball) up in the air lose it k̲ut O-S-ø-g̲éex'~ (ga motion) for S to lose O lose it (round, spherical object) k̲ut O-ka-S-ø-g̲éex'~ (ga motion) for S to lose O (round, spherical object) |
lose:lose them k̲ut O-ka-S-l-sóos (ga motion) for S to lose (plural) O lost (of plural people, objects) k̲ut O-ka-ø-sóos (ga event) for (plural) O (objects, people) to be lost |
lose:lose weight, slim down (as a result of trying) sh S-d-l-xoon~ (g̲a event) for S to cause oneself to lose weight, slim down lose weight, become thin O-l-xoon~ (g̲a event) for O to lose weight, become thin |
lost:fall into it P-dé O-d-s-geet~ (na motion) for O (live creature) to fall into P fall, trip P-náx̲ yei O-d-s-geet~ (ø motion) for O (live creature) to fall down, trip over P fall into, against it P-t~ O-d-s-geet~ (ø motion) for O (live creature) to fall into, against P fall (esp. off of something) daak O-d-s-geet~ (ø motion) for O to fall (esp. off of something) wake him/her up; rouse him/her from sleep kei O-S-s-geet~ (ø motion) for S to wake O up, rouse O from sleep wake up kei O-s-geet~ (ø motion) for O to wake up lost k̲ut O-d-s-geet~ (ga motion) for O to lose oneself, be lost, usure of one's location |
lots:many, plenty, lots O-sha-ya-d-haaʰ~ (na state) for O to be many, plenty, lots |
love:love him/her/it O-S-s-x̲án (ga state) for S to love O accompany, take to one, follow around P-x' sh S-d-l-x̲án (ga state) for S to accompany, take (a liking) to, follow P around |
lucky:lucky, blessed O-li-x̲éitl (ga state) for O to be blessed, be lucky |
magic:perform rites, make magic O-S-ø-héix̲waa (na act) for S to make magic, perform rites on O to bring desirable results in nature or give youngsters power and confidence |
make a face:copy him/her/it; copy what s/he said; make a face at him/her O-ka-S-d-kaa (na act) for S to copy O |
many:big, many (yéi) k-u-ya-geiʰ~ (na state) for a thing to be (so) big; for things to be (so) many big (that big, of plural things) (yéi) + ka-u-d-geiʰ~ (na state) for (plural) things to be (so) big |
many:many, plenty, lots O-sha-ya-d-haaʰ~ (na state) for O to be many, plenty, lots |
marry:marry him/her O-S-ø-shaa~ (ø event; CV́V Imp/Hort/Pot) for S to marry O marry each other wooch S-d-shaa~ (ø event; CV́V Imp/Hort/Pot) for S (two people) to marry each other marry (get married) O-du-ø-shaa~ (ø event; CV́V Imp/Hort/Pot) for O to get married |
mash:mash it; sqeeze it O-ka-S-ø-g̲ootl~ (ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to mash O by squeezing in the hand; for S to squeeze O tightly |
melt:ebb, go out (of tide) IX (P-x̲) ø-laa~ (g̲a motion) for the tide to ebb, go out (from under P) melt, dissolve, thaw l-laa~ (ø event) for something to melt, dissolve, thaw go out, low (of tide) yan~ ø-laa~ (ø motion) for the tide to go out, be low |
migrate:migrate, move household (permanantly) kei O-s-daak̲~ (Ø motion) for O to move household (permanently), migrate |
mimic:imitate him/her; mimic his/her speech; quote him/her O-x̲'a-S-ø-teeʰ (na act) for S to imitate O; for S to mimic O's speech; for S to quote O |
moldy:moldy d-tlaax̲~ (ø event) for something to be moldy |
mooch:mooch, freeload; obtain things often without payment at u-S-ø-choox̲ (g̲a act) for S to mooch, freeload; for S to obtain things often without payment mooch, bum, scrounge it; obtain it often without payment (N eex̲) O-u-S-ø-choox̲ (g̲a act) for S to mooch, bum, scrounge O (off of N); for S to obtain O (from N) often without payment |
mop:wipe it; mop it O-S-l-g̲oo~ (g̲a act) for S to wipe, mop, clean O by wiping |
move:migrate, move household (permanantly) kei O-s-daak̲~ (Ø motion) for O to move household (permanently), migrate |
muddy:muddy ka-sh-k̲óotl'~ (ø state; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for a road, etc. to be muddy |
nail:nail it on it O-ka-S-s-x'oo~ (ø act) for S to nail O |
name:name him/her/it; nominate him/her/it O-S-ø-saa~ (ø event) for S to name O; for S to nominate O call him/her that O-S-ø-sáakw (na state) for S to call O by a certain name |
narrate:tell, report about it; witness, testify about it O-ka-S-ø-neek~ (na act) for S to tell about, report about, give facts about O; for S to witness to, tell about, testify about O tell the story of it; talk into it O-ka-S-l-neek (na act) for S to tell the story of O; for S to talk into O explain it (N een) k̲unáax̲ daak O-ka-S-ø-neek~ (Ø act) for S to explain O (to N) tell on, inform on, betray (secret) kei O-ka-S-ø-neek~ (Ø motion) for S to tell on, inform on, betray O tell a story, narrate; preach sh ka-S-d-l-neek (na act) for S to preach, narrate, tell a story |
narrow:narrow (esp. of container); skinny (of person) yéi O-ka-u-l-saa~ (na state) for O (esp. container) to be narrow; for O (person) to be skinny |
need:care about it; think about it, consider it; have an opinion about it N daa O-tu-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to care about N; for O to think about, consider N; for O to have an opinion about N need, lack, require it N eetéenáx̲ O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to need, lack, require N like, similar to him/her/it N yáx̲ O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be like, similar to N busy N daat át k̲u-d-s-teeʰ~ (g̲a state) for N to be busy, occupied with things appear before him/her; apparent to him/her N wak̲shiyeex' yéi O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to appear to N; for O to be apparent to N born; exist; live O-k̲u-d-s-teeʰ~ (g̲a state) for O to be, be in existence, live; for O to be born grateful, thankful, satisfied sh tóog̲aa O-d-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be grateful, thankful, satisfied still, quiet; stop functioning tleiyéi yéi O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be still, quiet; for O to stop (car, clock, e.g.) be (for the weather to be a certain way) (yéi) k̲u-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for the weather to be (that way) feel like doing, want to do; feel that way (yéi) O-tu-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to want to do, feel like doing (that); for O to feel a certain way be (a certain way) (yéi) O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be (that way) be, stay, remain there; live, dwell there N-x' yéi O-ø-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be, stay, remain at N; for O to dwell, live at N be, become P-x̲ O-s-teeʰ~ (na state) for O to be P (a member of a group); for O to become P |
nest:lay eggs; nest a-d-l-k'wáat'~ (na event; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for birds to lay eggs, nest |
nominate:name him/her/it; nominate him/her/it O-S-ø-saa~ (ø event) for S to name O; for S to nominate O call him/her that O-S-ø-sáakw (na state) for S to call O by a certain name |
numb:numb l-x'wás'k̲ (na event) for something to be numb, have no feeling |
nurse:nurse a baby N x̲'éi a-S-l-l'aaʰ~ (Ø act) for S to nurse N # ZZZ NSF suck on it, nurse O-S-ø-l'aaʰ~ (Ø act) for S to suck on O, nurse on O suck on it O-S-l-l'aaʰ~ (Ø act) for S to suck on O |
obvious:polish, rub until shiny N daatx̲ k̲u-ka-S-s-haa~ (na act) for S to polish N; for S to rub N until shiny remind, cause to remember, bring to mind N káa daak O-sa-S-l-haa~ (Ø event; CV́V Hort/Pot) for S to remind O about N garden; dig a-ka-S-ø-haa~ (na act) for S to garden, dig plant it (using spade); dig it O-ka-S-ø-haa~ (na act) for S to plant O crowd, crowded, gather VII P-t~ O-ya-d-haa~ (Ø motion) for O to move in, come around, crowd at P (of large numbers, esp. people, birds) time for it P-t~ k̲u-ø-haa~ (ø motion) for the time to come for P gather it; pick it up; take it up O-ya-S-s-haa~ (ø act; CV́V Imp/Hort/Pot) for S to gather up, pick up, take up O have a turn N ée-t~ k̲u-ø-haa~ (ø motion) for N to have a turn hungry (make him/her hungry) N ée-t~ yaan-->O-S-s-haa~ (Ø motion) for S to make N hungry hungry N ée-t~ yaan ø-haa~ (ø motion) for N to be hungry dig it up kei O-ka-S-ø-haa~ (ø motion) for S to dig O up injure oneself sh tóo a-sha-S-d-l-háa (Ø event) for S to injure oneself obvious; clearly visible tlél ga-u-ø-háa (ga state) for something to be obvious, clearly visible want (often with strong feeling); decide, be decided about, intend to; agree to, be willing to (yéi) O-sa-S-ø-haa~ (na state) for S to want O (a certain way); for S to be decided about O; for S to agree to O |
old:old O-d-shaan~ (ø event) for O to show signs of old age (esp. grey hair), for O to become old, age |
open:open its mouth; hold its mouth open O-x̲'a-S-l-t'aax̲~ (Ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to open O's mouth, hold O's mouth open open one's mouth wide, keep one's mouth open x̲'a-S-ø-t'aax̲~ (Ø event) for S to open one's mouth wide, keep one's mouth open |
open:fall, drop on it (of solid, hard object) N-t~ j-x̲een~ (ø motion) for a hard, solid object to fall, drop open (be open, of season, show) V N-x̲'éidáx̲ shu-ya-u-d-sh-x̲een~ (Ø motion) for N (season, show, etc.) to be open end, close, finish (of season, show, etc.) II yan~ shu-d-sh-x̲een~ (Ø motion) for a season, show, etc. to come to an end, close, finish spill (of liquid) III yax̲ ka-d-sh-x̲een~ (Ø motion) |
open (by pulling):pull it (light object) over it; cover it with it IX N káx̲ O-S-ø-yeesh~ (g̲a motion) for S to pull O (fairly light object) over N; for S to cover N with O pull it (light object) P-dáx̲ kei O-S-ø-yeesh~ (ø motion) for S to pull O (a fairly light object) up out of P pull it down; close it (window) by pulling down IX P-x̲ O-S-ø-yeesh~ (g̲a motion) for S to pull O down along P; for S to close O (window) by pulling down along P pull it up; open it (window) by pulling up I (kínde) kei O-S-ø-yeesh~ (Ø motion) for S to pull O up; for S to open O (window) by pulling up |
order:instruct him/her; give him/her orders to do áa O-ji-ka-(u)-S-ø-k̲aa~ (na event) for S to instruct, give O orders (to do) send him/her on a mission, errand O-ka-(u)-S-ø-k̲aa~ (na event) for S to send O (esp. on a mission or errand, or to deliver a message) confess, acknowledge, declare; charge, set the price, charge for (N éede) O-ya-S-s-k̲aa~ (na act) for S to charge (N) for O; for S to set the price of O; for S to confess, acknowledge, or delcare O insult him/her, offend him/her by what one says sh tugéit O-ya-S-d-s-k̲aa~ (Ø event) for S to insult, offend O by what one says tell him/her (a certain thing) (yéi) O-daa-ya-S-ø-k̲á (act) for S to tell O (a certain thing) say (a certain thing); confess, acknowledge, declare (a certain thing) (yéi) ya-S-ø-k̲aa~ (na act) for S to say (a certain thing); for S to confess, acknowledge, declare (a certain thing) tell, say to him/her; ask him/her to do (yóo) O-ya-S-s-k̲aa~ (na event) for S to tell, say (that) to O; for S to ask O to do (that) |
order:send him/her there; order him/her to go there; give it (in accordance with clan relationship O-ka-u-S-ø-náa (na act; CV́V Imp/Hort/Pot) for S to order (esp. to go), send, command O; (fig.) for S to give O (esp. in accordance with clan relationship) |
order:order it, send for it P-g̲áa a-S-ø-woo~ (ø event; CV́V Imp/Hort/Pot) for S to send for, order P (usually from a catalog) take food along (lunch, a picnic) O-S-d-woo~ (Ø event; CV́V Imp/Hort/Pot) for S to take O (food) along |
own:own, claim it O-S-ø-héin (na state) for S to own, claim O (esp. clan property) |
own:live (at a place) k̲u-S-ø-.oo~ (na state) for S to live, live at, dwell permanently put them, leave them there P-x' yéi O-S-ø-.oo (na event) for S to put, leave (plural) O at P pregnant, have a baby atk'átsk'u/yát(k') O-S-ø-.oo (na event) for S to have O (baby), be pregnant with O (baby) own, possess, have O-S-ø-.oo (na state) for S to own, possess, have O forgive, excuse him/her ch'a aadé yéi O-S-ø-.oo (na event) for S to forgive, excuse O dress him/her/it N náa yéi sha-S-ø-.oo (na act) for S to dress N frustrate him/her N toowú x̲'ool yáx̲ O-S-ø-.oo (na state; CV́V Imperfective) for S to frustrate N get dressed náa(x') yéi sha-S-d-.oo (na act) for S to get dressed angry, mean x'áan a-S-ø-.oo (na state; CV́V Imperfective) for S to be angry, mean wear it; use it yéi O-S-ø-.oo (na state) for S to wear, put on, dress in O; for S to use O |
pack:pack it; pile up, stack it O-ka-S-ø-cháak~ (ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to pile, stack away neatly, pack O (food, clothing, firewood, etc.) |
paddle:paddle, row a-S-ø-x̲aa~ (ø act; CV́V Imp/Hort/Pot) for S to paddle, row transport him/her/it VII P-t O-ya-S-ø-x̲aa~ (na motion) for S to transport O around P by boat or car transport him/her/it II P-t~ O-ya-S-ø-x̲aa~ (ø motion) for S to transport O by boat or car to P; for S to bring, take or fetch O by boat or car to P transport, haul it (by boat or car) O-ya-S-ø-x̲áax'w (na act) for S to regularly transport, haul O by boat or car |
paint:paint it O-S-ø-néegwál' (na act) for S to paint O |
paralyzed:paralyzed (with fright, shock, or surprise), panic, be incapable of action O-d-.áak~ (Ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for O to be paralyzed with fright, shock or surprise; for O to panic, be incapable of action |
pass:pass (of 24 hours), elapse ya-ø-x̲ee~ (Ø event) for 24 hours to pass, elapse fast (esp. for 24 hours at a time), refrain from eating O-x̲'a-ø-x̲ei~ (Ø event) for O to fast, refrain from eating |
pat:knead it, press it, pat it (with palm of hand) O-ka-S-ø-choox~ (ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to knead, press, pat O with palm of hand |
pat:pat, pet him/her (esp. under chin or on back, to express affection) O-S-l-dléigu (na act) for S to pat, pet O (esp. under chin or on back, to express affection) shake hands with him/her N jín S-l-dléigu (na act) for S to shake hands with N |
pay:pay him/her (esp. a person for work done), pay for it O-ji-S-ø-k̲éi (na act) for S to pay O (esp. a person, for work done); for S to pay for O |
peaceful:calm, peaceful (esp. of bodies of water) ka-du-ø-yéil'~ (ø event) for something (esp. bodies of water) to be calm, peaceful calm, peaceful (of weather) k̲u-ka-du-yéil'~ (ø event) for the weather to be calm, peaceful, without storm |
peel:tear it O-S-ø-s'éil'~ (na event) for S to tear O tear it; rip it; peel it off O-ka-S-ø-s'éil'~ (g̲a act) for S to tear, tear up, rip off O; for S to peel off O (bark from a tree) stretch, hold open O-x̲'a-S-ø-s'éil'~ (Ø act) for S to tear O away (from hook); for S to stretch or hold O (opening) open torn ka-d-s'éil'~ (g̲a state) for something to be torn up pull up, tear up (roots) O-S-l-s'éil'~ (ø act; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for S to tear up, pull up O (roots) |
pick:pick it O-S-ø-.een~ (ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to pick O (esp. berries) into a container carry it, take it (container full of liquid or small objects) II P-t~ O-S-s-.een~ (ø motion) for S to carry O (container full of liquid or small objects) to P give, take, hand it to him/her (container full of liquid or small objects) N jee-t~ O-S-s-.een~ (ø motion) for S to give, take, hand O (container full of liquid or small objects) to N bring, carry it inside (of container full of liquid or small objects) neil O-S-s-.een~ (ø motion) for S to bring O (container full of liquid or small objects) inside put it down; leave it (container full of liquid or small objects) yan~ O-S-s-.een~ (ø motion) for S to put down, lay down, leave, place O (a container full of liquid or small objects) |
pick:pinch him/her with fingernails (keep pinching) O-S-ø-ts'ík't (na act) for S to pinch O pick at it O-ka-S-ø-ts'éek'~ (Ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to pick at O pinch him/her with fingernails O-S-l-ts'éek'~ (ga act) for S to pinch O with fingernails |
pierce:pierce, prick it VII P-dé ya-d-g̲eech~ (na motion) for a sharp object to pierce, enter, prick P; for an animal to bite P pierce, prick it (of many sharp objects) II P-t~ ya-d-l-g̲eech~ (Ø motion) for (plural) sharp objects to pierce, enter, prick P |
pile:pack it; pile up, stack it O-ka-S-ø-cháak~ (ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to pile, stack away neatly, pack O (food, clothing, firewood, etc.) |
pinch:pinch him/her with fingernails (keep pinching) O-S-ø-ts'ík't (na act) for S to pinch O pick at it O-ka-S-ø-ts'éek'~ (Ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to pick at O pinch him/her with fingernails O-S-l-ts'éek'~ (ga act) for S to pinch O with fingernails |
plan:try it, attempt it O-ka-(u)-S-ø-.aak̲w (na act) for S to try, attempt O plan it O-ka-S-ø-.aak̲w~ (Ø act) for S to plan O order him/her, give him/her instructions (esp. concerning work) át O-ji-ka-u-S-ø-.aak̲w~ (na act) for S to give O orders, instructions (esp. concerning work) give him/her orders; command, instruct him/her át O-ka-S-ø-.aak̲w~ (na event) for S to give orders to, command, instruct O give him/her an opportunity to speak; give him/her directions as to what to say O-x̲'a-ka-(u)-S-ø-.aak̲w (na act) for S to give O an opportunity to speak; for S to give O directions as to what to say decide about it; plan it yan~ O-ka-S-ø-.aak̲w~ (ø motion) for S to make a decision about O; for S to finish planning O order oneself to do it; make oneself do it át sh ji-ka-S-d-.aak̲w~ (na event) for S to make oneself do something |
plant:polish, rub until shiny N daatx̲ k̲u-ka-S-s-haa~ (na act) for S to polish N; for S to rub N until shiny remind, cause to remember, bring to mind N káa daak O-sa-S-l-haa~ (Ø event; CV́V Hort/Pot) for S to remind O about N garden; dig a-ka-S-ø-haa~ (na act) for S to garden, dig plant it (using spade); dig it O-ka-S-ø-haa~ (na act) for S to plant O crowd, crowded, gather VII P-t~ O-ya-d-haa~ (Ø motion) for O to move in, come around, crowd at P (of large numbers, esp. people, birds) time for it P-t~ k̲u-ø-haa~ (ø motion) for the time to come for P gather it; pick it up; take it up O-ya-S-s-haa~ (ø act; CV́V Imp/Hort/Pot) for S to gather up, pick up, take up O have a turn N ée-t~ k̲u-ø-haa~ (ø motion) for N to have a turn hungry (make him/her hungry) N ée-t~ yaan-->O-S-s-haa~ (Ø motion) for S to make N hungry hungry N ée-t~ yaan ø-haa~ (ø motion) for N to be hungry dig it up kei O-ka-S-ø-haa~ (ø motion) for S to dig O up injure oneself sh tóo a-sha-S-d-l-háa (Ø event) for S to injure oneself obvious; clearly visible tlél ga-u-ø-háa (ga state) for something to be obvious, clearly visible want (often with strong feeling); decide, be decided about, intend to; agree to, be willing to (yéi) O-sa-S-ø-haa~ (na state) for S to want O (a certain way); for S to be decided about O; for S to agree to O |
play:gamble, play cards a-S-d-l-k̲áa (na act) for S to gamble (by means of gambling sticks, dice, etc.); for S to play cards |
play:entertain, amuse oneself; play quietly (of children) k̲u-S-d-s-.ook' (na act) for S to entertain, amuse oneself; for S to play quietly |
play:play ash ka-u-S-d-l-yát (na act) for S to play (esp. active games) pregnant O-ka-d-yát (ga state) for O to be pregnant |
plenty:many, plenty, lots O-sha-ya-d-haaʰ~ (na state) for O to be many, plenty, lots |
plug in:thread needle N k'éenáx̲ O-ya-u-S-l-tsaak̲~ (Ø motion; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to thread N (needle) pole canoe, push boat with pole I daak O-S-l-tsaak̲~ (Ø motion) for S to pole, push O (canoe, boat) out away from the beach with a pole reach for, reach out (one's hand) (N g̲áa) daak ji-S-l-tsaak̲~ (Ø motion) for S to reach a hand out (for N) raise one's hand (in voting, etc.) kei ji-S-l-tsaak̲~ (ø event) for (singular) S to raise the hand (in voting, etc.) inject, give shot N tóode O-ka-S-l-tsaak̲~ (na motion) for S to inject O into N plug in (electrical cord) II O-shu-S-l-tsaak̲~ (Ø motion) for S to plug in O (electrical cord) |
point:point at it, point it out O-S-ø-ch'éix̲'~ (Ø event) for S to point at, point out O point at a person (with finger) O-ya-S-ø-ch'éex̲'~ (Ø act) for S to point at O (with finger) |
point (with finger):point (with finger) P-t~ S-ø-ch'éex̲'~ (Ø motion) for S to point in the direction of P |
poke:poke, prod, jab, spear him/her/it O-S-ø-taak̲~ (Ø event) for S to spear, prod, poke, jab O push it out using a pole (of boat) I daak O-ya-S-l-taak̲~ (Ø motion) for S to pole, push O (canoe, boat) out away from the shore with a pole |
poke:thread needle N k'éenáx̲ O-ya-u-S-l-tsaak̲~ (Ø motion; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to thread N (needle) pole canoe, push boat with pole I daak O-S-l-tsaak̲~ (Ø motion) for S to pole, push O (canoe, boat) out away from the beach with a pole reach for, reach out (one's hand) (N g̲áa) daak ji-S-l-tsaak̲~ (Ø motion) for S to reach a hand out (for N) raise one's hand (in voting, etc.) kei ji-S-l-tsaak̲~ (ø event) for (singular) S to raise the hand (in voting, etc.) inject, give shot N tóode O-ka-S-l-tsaak̲~ (na motion) for S to inject O into N plug in (electrical cord) II O-shu-S-l-tsaak̲~ (Ø motion) for S to plug in O (electrical cord) |
pole:thread needle N k'éenáx̲ O-ya-u-S-l-tsaak̲~ (Ø motion; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to thread N (needle) pole canoe, push boat with pole I daak O-S-l-tsaak̲~ (Ø motion) for S to pole, push O (canoe, boat) out away from the beach with a pole reach for, reach out (one's hand) (N g̲áa) daak ji-S-l-tsaak̲~ (Ø motion) for S to reach a hand out (for N) raise one's hand (in voting, etc.) kei ji-S-l-tsaak̲~ (ø event) for (singular) S to raise the hand (in voting, etc.) inject, give shot N tóode O-ka-S-l-tsaak̲~ (na motion) for S to inject O into N plug in (electrical cord) II O-shu-S-l-tsaak̲~ (Ø motion) for S to plug in O (electrical cord) |
polish:polish it O-ka-S-sh-g̲éel'~ (Ø act; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for S to polish O sharpen it (esp. knife, with a grindstone) O-ya-S-ø-g̲éel'~ (ø act) for S to sharpen O (with a grindstone) |
polish:polish, rub until shiny N daatx̲ k̲u-ka-S-s-haa~ (na act) for S to polish N; for S to rub N until shiny remind, cause to remember, bring to mind N káa daak O-sa-S-l-haa~ (Ø event; CV́V Hort/Pot) for S to remind O about N garden; dig a-ka-S-ø-haa~ (na act) for S to garden, dig plant it (using spade); dig it O-ka-S-ø-haa~ (na act) for S to plant O crowd, crowded, gather VII P-t~ O-ya-d-haa~ (Ø motion) for O to move in, come around, crowd at P (of large numbers, esp. people, birds) time for it P-t~ k̲u-ø-haa~ (ø motion) for the time to come for P gather it; pick it up; take it up O-ya-S-s-haa~ (ø act; CV́V Imp/Hort/Pot) for S to gather up, pick up, take up O have a turn N ée-t~ k̲u-ø-haa~ (ø motion) for N to have a turn hungry (make him/her hungry) N ée-t~ yaan-->O-S-s-haa~ (Ø motion) for S to make N hungry hungry N ée-t~ yaan ø-haa~ (ø motion) for N to be hungry dig it up kei O-ka-S-ø-haa~ (ø motion) for S to dig O up injure oneself sh tóo a-sha-S-d-l-háa (Ø event) for S to injure oneself obvious; clearly visible tlél ga-u-ø-háa (ga state) for something to be obvious, clearly visible want (often with strong feeling); decide, be decided about, intend to; agree to, be willing to (yéi) O-sa-S-ø-haa~ (na state) for S to want O (a certain way); for S to be decided about O; for S to agree to O |
possessed:possessed, have evil spirits II N tóot~ ya-d-xoon~ (Ø motion) for N to be possessed, have evil spirits show faces (as entering in ceremonial dance) ya-S-d-xoon~ (Ø motion) for S to show face (as entering in ceremonial dance) |
postpone:carry it, take it (general, often compact object) IX P-dáx̲ O-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ga motion) for S to pick O up off of P carry it, take it (general, often compact object) VII P-dé O-S-ø-teeʰ~ (na motion) for S to carry, take O (general, often compact object) to P anticipate, forsee; expect, consider likely to happen or arrive O-shu-S-s-teeʰ~ (na state) for S to anticipate, forsee, expect O; for S to consider O likely to happen or arrive postpone it O-shu-ka-S-ø-teeʰ~ (na event) for S to postpone O expect him/her/it; anticipate it O-shu-S-s-teeʰ~ (na state) for S to anticipate, foresee O; for S to expect, consider O likely to happen or arrive carry it, take it (solid, complex object) VII P-dé O-S-s-teeʰ~ (na motion) for S to carry, take O (solid, often complex object) to P carry it, take it (solid, complex object) IX O-S-s-teeʰ~ (ga motion) for S to carry, take O (solid, often complex object) install it there, hang it there P-x̲ O-S-ø-teeʰ~ (g̲a motion) for S to install, hang, place O at P hang it up there (esp. to dry) P-x̲ O-sha-ya-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to hang up O at P (esp. to dry) stormy, rough (of weather) a-ya-d-teeʰ~ (g̲a event) for the weather to be stormy, rough give, take, hand it to him/her (round, spherical object) N jee-t~ O-ka-S-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to give, take, hand O (round object) to N blame it on him/her; bring it (shame, joy) onto him/her P-t~ O-shu-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to bring O (abstract, esp. shame, blame, joy) onto P feed it to him/her/it; give it to him/her/it to eat N x̲'éix̲ O-S-ø-teeʰ~ (na event) for S to feed O to N; for S to give O to N to eat feed him/her/it N x̲'éix̲ at S-ø-teeʰ~ (na event) for S to feed N, give food to N (for immediate consumption) baptize him/her héen-t~ O-ya-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to baptize, immerse (singular) O in water or pour water upon O as a religious rite put it on (shirt, dress, etc.) káx̲ O-S-d-teeʰ~ (g̲a event) for S to put on O (shirt, dress, etc.) bring it out, unearth it; pick it up (general, often compact object) kei O-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ø motion) or S to bring out, unearth O (general, often compact object)(esp. from a box or other container or place which O is kept); for S to pick up, lift up O put it down, leave it (round, spherical object) yan O-ka-S-ø-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to put down, lay down, leave, place O (round object) put it down (solid, often complex object) yan O-S-s-teeʰ~ (ø motion) for S to put down, lay down, leave, place O (solid, often complex object) |
pounce:leap, pounce on him/her/it II P-t~ sh S-d-l-gáas'~ (Ø motion) for S to leap, pounce on P move there VII P-dé O-l-gáas'~ (na motion) for O to move household (with future plans unspecified) to P move there II P-t~ O-l-gáas'~ (ø motion) for O to move household (with future plans unspecified) to P fall on face; nod off, fall asleep while sitting up yan~ O-ya-ø-gáas'~ (ø motion) for O to fall on face; for O to nod off, fall asleep while sitting up |
pound:pound it; smash it O-ka-S-ø-t'éex̲'~ (ø act; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for S to smash O up by pounding; for S to mash O by pounding with something heavy; for S to pound, hammer on O; for S to break O |
pour:pour it out; dump it out P-dé O-ka-S-ø-xaa~ (na motion) for S to pour O into P, pour O out at P; for S to dump, empty O in one mass (by turning over container) at P pour it P-dé O-ya-S-s-xaa~ (na motion) for S to pour O on/in P pour it, dump it II P-t~ O-ka-S-s-xaa~ (ø motion) for S to pour, dump, empty O at P |
pout:pout, sulk, refuse to speak; refuse to run (of machine) tu-S-d-.oos~ (ø event) for S to pout, sulk, refuse to speak; for a machine to refuse to run noisy; lively; crazy O-l-.oos (ga state) for O to be crazy, lively, noisy, never still talkative, talk nonsense, gossipy, noisy O-x̲'a-l-.oos (ga state) for O to be talkative, talk nonsense, be gossipy, or noisy |
praise:praise him/her; commend him/her O-ka-S-ø-shéex̲'~ (ø act) for S to praise, glorify O; for S to approve, commend O; for S to comment on O |
pray:pray sh káa x̲'e-S-d-gáax'~ (ø act; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for S to pray |
preach:tell, report about it; witness, testify about it O-ka-S-ø-neek~ (na act) for S to tell about, report about, give facts about O; for S to witness to, tell about, testify about O tell the story of it; talk into it O-ka-S-l-neek (na act) for S to tell the story of O; for S to talk into O explain it (N een) k̲unáax̲ daak O-ka-S-ø-neek~ (Ø act) for S to explain O (to N) tell on, inform on, betray (secret) kei O-ka-S-ø-neek~ (Ø motion) for S to tell on, inform on, betray O tell a story, narrate; preach sh ka-S-d-l-neek (na act) for S to preach, narrate, tell a story |
predict:predict it O-shu-S-s-gaa~ (na act) for S to predict O delay, wait, take one's time, be detained P-x̲ O-ka-ø-gaa~ (g̲a motion) for O to delay, wait, pause, take one's time, stay behind, or be detained at P |
pregnant:live (at a place) k̲u-S-ø-.oo~ (na state) for S to live, live at, dwell permanently put them, leave them there P-x' yéi O-S-ø-.oo (na event) for S to put, leave (plural) O at P pregnant, have a baby atk'átsk'u/yát(k') O-S-ø-.oo (na event) for S to have O (baby), be pregnant with O (baby) own, possess, have O-S-ø-.oo (na state) for S to own, possess, have O forgive, excuse him/her ch'a aadé yéi O-S-ø-.oo (na event) for S to forgive, excuse O dress him/her/it N náa yéi sha-S-ø-.oo (na act) for S to dress N frustrate him/her N toowú x̲'ool yáx̲ O-S-ø-.oo (na state; CV́V Imperfective) for S to frustrate N get dressed náa(x') yéi sha-S-d-.oo (na act) for S to get dressed angry, mean x'áan a-S-ø-.oo (na state; CV́V Imperfective) for S to be angry, mean wear it; use it yéi O-S-ø-.oo (na state) for S to wear, put on, dress in O; for S to use O |
press:knead it, press it, pat it (with palm of hand) O-ka-S-ø-choox~ (ø act; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to knead, press, pat O with palm of hand |
pretty:proud, pleased N toowú ka-l-g̲éi (ga state) for N to be proud of, highly pleased with fancy, prominent, conspicuous, attracting attention O-ka-l-g̲éi (ga state) for O to be fancy, prominent (esp. in appearance), conspicuous, attracting attention proud (esp. of oneself), conceited; particular, picky sh tu-ka-S-d-l-g̲éi (ga state) for S to be proud (esp. of oneself), conceited; for S to be particular, picky, snooty pretty, cute O-sha-ka-l-g̲éi (ga state) for O to be pretty, cute |
prevented:delayed, prevented, held back from plans (often due to inclement weather) O-ya-ø-seek~ (ø event) for O to be delayed, prevented, held back from plans (often due to inclement weather) |
profitable:rich, wealthy; profitable O-l-náalx̲ (ga state) for O to be rich, wealthy, profitable |
prophesy:tell, report about it; witness, testify about it O-ka-S-ø-neek~ (na act) for S to tell about, report about, give facts about O; for S to witness to, tell about, testify about O tell the story of it; talk into it O-ka-S-l-neek (na act) for S to tell the story of O; for S to talk into O explain it (N een) k̲unáax̲ daak O-ka-S-ø-neek~ (Ø act) for S to explain O (to N) tell on, inform on, betray (secret) kei O-ka-S-ø-neek~ (Ø motion) for S to tell on, inform on, betray O tell a story, narrate; preach sh ka-S-d-l-neek (na act) for S to preach, narrate, tell a story |
proud:proud, pleased N toowú ka-l-g̲éi (ga state) for N to be proud of, highly pleased with fancy, prominent, conspicuous, attracting attention O-ka-l-g̲éi (ga state) for O to be fancy, prominent (esp. in appearance), conspicuous, attracting attention proud (esp. of oneself), conceited; particular, picky sh tu-ka-S-d-l-g̲éi (ga state) for S to be proud (esp. of oneself), conceited; for S to be particular, picky, snooty pretty, cute O-sha-ka-l-g̲éi (ga state) for O to be pretty, cute |
pull:drag it; pull it VII P-dáx̲ O-S-s-xáat'~ (na motion) for S to drag, pull O (esp. heavy object or limp object such as dead animal) away from P; for S to haul, transport O (by non-motor power) away from P |
pull:drag him/her; pull him/her VII P-dé O-S-ø-x̲óot'~ (na motion) for S to drag, pull O (esp. person) to P; for S to pull O in quick movements to P drag, pull it there; haul, transport it there (by motor power) P-dé O-S-s-x̲óot'~ (na motion) for S to drag, pull O to P; for S to haul, transport O (by motor power) to P sportfish, cast sha-S-d-l-x̲óot' (na act) for S to fish with rod, sportfish, cast |
pull:pull, haul (esp. of line); hoist up II P-t~ O-S-s-yeek̲~ (Ø motion) for S to pull, haul, hoist O to P (esp. on line) pull it up, haul it up (esp. of line) I kei O-S-s-yeek̲~ (ø motion) for S to pull, haul O (esp. of line) up; for S to hoist O up fish with line, jig for fish k̲u-ka-S-d-s-yeek̲~ (Ø act) for S to fish with a line, jig for fish take off (shoes, socks, pants) x̲'oos-dáx̲ O-S-d-yeek̲~ (Ø act) for S to take off O (shoes, socks, pants) put them on; pull them on (shoes, socks, pants) x̲'oos-dé O-S-d-yeek̲~ (ø act) for S to put on, pull on O (shoes, socks, pants) |
pull:pull it (light object) over it; cover it with it IX N káx̲ O-S-ø-yeesh~ (g̲a motion) for S to pull O (fairly light object) over N; for S to cover N with O pull it (light object) P-dáx̲ kei O-S-ø-yeesh~ (ø motion) for S to pull O (a fairly light object) up out of P pull it down; close it (window) by pulling down IX P-x̲ O-S-ø-yeesh~ (g̲a motion) for S to pull O down along P; for S to close O (window) by pulling down along P pull it up; open it (window) by pulling up I (kínde) kei O-S-ø-yeesh~ (Ø motion) for S to pull O up; for S to open O (window) by pulling up |
pull tight:connect, attach, tie it there (P-dé) O-ka-S-s-xaat~ (Ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to connect, attach, tie O (to P) connected, attached, tied there P-(dé) ka-s-xaat~ (Ø state; CV́C Hort/Pot) for something to be connected, attached, tied (to) P tight (of lid, rope, etc.) ka-ø-xaat~ (Ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for a lid, rope, etc. to be tight pull it tight O-ka-S-s-xaat~ (ø event; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to tighten, pull on O (something fastened at the other end) |
pursue:thread needle N k'éenáx̲ O-ya-u-S-l-tsaak̲~ (Ø motion; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to thread N (needle) pole canoe, push boat with pole I daak O-S-l-tsaak̲~ (Ø motion) for S to pole, push O (canoe, boat) out away from the beach with a pole reach for, reach out (one's hand) (N g̲áa) daak ji-S-l-tsaak̲~ (Ø motion) for S to reach a hand out (for N) raise one's hand (in voting, etc.) kei ji-S-l-tsaak̲~ (ø event) for (singular) S to raise the hand (in voting, etc.) inject, give shot N tóode O-ka-S-l-tsaak̲~ (na motion) for S to inject O into N plug in (electrical cord) II O-shu-S-l-tsaak̲~ (Ø motion) for S to plug in O (electrical cord) |
push:thread needle N k'éenáx̲ O-ya-u-S-l-tsaak̲~ (Ø motion; CV́C Hort/Pot) for S to thread N (needle) pole canoe, push boat with pole I daak O-S-l-tsaak̲~ (Ø motion) for S to pole, push O (canoe, boat) out away from the beach with a pole reach for, reach out (one's hand) (N g̲áa) daak ji-S-l-tsaak̲~ (Ø motion) for S to reach a hand out (for N) raise one's hand (in voting, etc.) kei ji-S-l-tsaak̲~ (ø event) for (singular) S to raise the hand (in voting, etc.) inject, give shot N tóode O-ka-S-l-tsaak̲~ (na motion) for S to inject O into N plug in (electrical cord) II O-shu-S-l-tsaak̲~ (Ø motion) for S to plug in O (electrical cord) |
put:live (at a place) k̲u-S-ø-.oo~ (na state) for S to live, live at, dwell permanently put them, leave them there P-x' yéi O-S-ø-.oo (na event) for S to put, leave (plural) O at P pregnant, have a baby atk'átsk'u/yát(k') O-S-ø-.oo (na event) for S to have O (baby), be pregnant with O (baby) own, possess, have O-S-ø-.oo (na state) for S to own, possess, have O forgive, excuse him/her ch'a aadé yéi O-S-ø-.oo (na event) for S to forgive, excuse O dress him/her/it N náa yéi sha-S-ø-.oo (na act) for S to dress N frustrate him/her N toowú x̲'ool yáx̲ O-S-ø-.oo (na state; CV́V Imperfective) for S to frustrate N get dressed náa(x') yéi sha-S-d-.oo (na act) for S to get dressed angry, mean x'áan a-S-ø-.oo (na state; CV́V Imperfective) for S to be angry, mean wear it; use it yéi O-S-ø-.oo (na state) for S to wear, put on, dress in O; for S to use O |
put foot in mouth:put foot in one's mouth kei x̲'a-S-ø-tlúxja for S to put his/her foot in his/her mouth (figuratively) |
put off:despair, give up hope; put off, defer, delay doing, give up (P-x') a-S-l-xaach~ (na event) for S to despair, give up hope (on P); for S to put off, defer, delay doing, or give up doing P |
put out:put it out (fire); turn it off (light) O-ya-ka-S-l-kées'~ (ø event) for S to put out, extinguish O (fire); for S to turn off O (light) hoarse (make him/her have hoarse, scratchy voice) N satú --> O-ka-S-l-kées'~ (Ø event; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for S to make N have hoarse, scratchy voice hoarse (have hoarse or scratchy voice), have a tickle in the throat N satú / N leitóox̲ ka-Ø-kées'~ (Ø event; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for N's voice to be hoarse, scratchy (with N satú); for N to have a tickle in the throat (with N leitóox̲) go out (of fire, light) ya-ka-l-kées'~ (ø event) for a fire, light to go out end, pass (of month) (ya-)ka-ø-kées'~ (Ø event; CV́C' Hort/Pot) for a month to end, pass |
put up:put up, store up, accumulate, stock up (esp. food for winter); finish distributing things (esp. at party) yan~ O-ka-S-l-gaa~ (ø motion) for S to put up, store up, accumulate O (esp. food for winter) |