Reindeer Files Database
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| Author |
Date |
Location |
Subject |
URL |
| Fred M. Sickler |
June 30, 1916 |
Shungnak |
"Annual Report for the School Year Ending June 30, 1916 |
| MS Ref: | [6-34] [6-35] [7-16] [7-17] [13-7] [CN-10] | Box: |
NARA |
| To: |
Commissioner of Education | ||
| Eskimo Names: | Yukon Charlie Kopetkuk; | White Names: |
Thomas Shea; Mendenhall; Smith; Lewis Lloyd; |
| Events: | Places: | the Koyukuk; Allekaket; Mission at St. John; the Kobuk; the Yukon; Dahl Creek; Seattle; Shungnak; Sitka; Central America; Africa; Asia; Nome; Kotzebue; Kiana; Pah River; Hot Springs; Maunoelluk River; | |
| Perceptions: | "these natives not so docile as pure-blooded types on coast, mix with Indian made them contentious, independent, greater stature, adapted for manual work; traditional perceptions for causes of death, i.e., breaking taboos, specific situations cited; natives believe they are the reincarnation of their ancestors; " | Treatment: | |
| Travel Themes: | "fishing boats; birch bark canoes and kyaks; breakup May 22, 1916;" | Eskimo Trading |
|
| Themes: | "reindeer, not a success, problems described; "the village beau"; 30 owners in the herd, describes problems; conflict with hunting and trapping; expedition to the Koyukuk, description, disappointment; pothunters; cold storage company; drinking and gambling on the Koyukuk; Yukon Charlie 2nd chief of the village; law; confused by customs and inconsistent enforcement of the law; positive quotes about Eskimos of Kobuk Valley from Mendenhall and Smith; stealing; [false] reports of rape; fur and game laws violated as a matter of course, provisions absurd; illegal sale of meat, effect on reindeer business; custom of visiting the sick, description; agriculture, most important industry; 1915 crop several tons; experiments with salmon fertilizer; spring floods X 2; hothouse of photographic plates; cabbage experiments; sauerkraut; receives numerous orders for seed every spring; "Sickler Shungnak Spud"; plants started early, village hothouse; crops planted; native gardens, quotes [testimonies] from native; when white man first came in '98, description of planting package of seeds; morals; conform externally to Christianity, not abandoned in reality customs, religion, ethics of their ancestors; describes marital relations of older adults, families; difficult to abhore deviations from social code [white morality] unless we expect them to despise their parents and also themselves and their kindred; responses to teacher's reforms; one room cabins where privacy impossible, describes problems; amused by some teacher's/missionary's reports of changing morality to be superior to white communites in a few years; S. raised in Indian country, mother a teacher in an Indian school; S. broad experience with many native cultures; reports of changed morality due to lack of insight or cast credit upon themselves; can't be denied a "degraded white man" detrimental in any community; white men degraded by natives; missionaries, criticism; "partner" idea Eskimo/white man, Sickler's take on this; list of vices natives exposed to; primitive moral code; marriages of native women to white men, comments; children more intelligent than full-blood Eskimo; miscegenation only solution to ravages of tuberculosis; natives greatest obstacle in exertion to protect them; native marriage/divorce; must go to Nome for marriage; at death, expect soul to enter body of a child; same men, same women, same names, have forever lived in this place; work on the Koyukuk, some return with grubstake | Trapping/Fishing/ Berry Picking |
, others spend in vice; trading in Kotz.; local stores buying native wares in large quantities; little work in local mines for several years, this year, 6 men employed as shovelers; natives dislike owning mining claim, rather work for wages; Yukon Charlie's mining work; prices of staples, cost from Seattle; ave. daily attendance 30, explanation of decreased attendance; principal chief cannot pay his debts, feels humiliated, moved to Pah Riv |
| Business or Organization: |
Ships, Boats, & Marine Equipment |
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| Books, Documents, & Articles: | Diseases & Infirmaties |
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| General Medical | |||
| Comments: |
