Marshall Cultural Atlas

This collection of student work is from Frank Keim's classes. He has wanted to share these works for others to use as an example of Culturally-based curriculum and documentation. These documents have been OCR-scanned. These are available for educational use only.

 

 

 

 

PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT

1 MONTH	Large Muscle Does not control arm and leg movements since movements are still reflexive. Needs support for head. Without support, head will flop over and backward. Lifts head briefly from surface in order to turn head from side to side when lying on tummy. Twitches whole body when crying. Small Muscle Keeps hands fisted or slightly opened. May hold on to object if placed in open hand, but drops it quickly. Follows moving object with eyes briefly if the object is within the line of vision.
2 MONTHS	Large Muscle Can keep head in midposition of body when lying on tummy. Can hold head up for a few minutes. Can hold head while lying on back. Cycles arms and legs smoothly. Movements are still mainly reflexive, but are becoming voluntary. Small Muscle Grasps objects in reflexive movements, but grasps are becoming voluntary. May hold object longer, but drops object after a few moments. Uses improved vision to look at objects more closely and for a longer time.
3 MONTHS	Large Muscle Switches from reflexive to voluntary body movements. Keeps head in midposition so posture is symmetrical when lying on back. Moves arm and leg on one side of body in unison, then moves the other arm and leg in unison. Can move arms together or legs together. Turns head vigorously. Can hold the chest up and keep head erect for a few seconds when lying on tummy. Can lift head for several minutes. Can sit briefly, with support. Small Muscle Keeps hands open most of the time. The grasp reflex is fading. Begins to control arm and hand movements. Begins to swipe at objects such as a cradle gym and may accidentally hit object with fists.
4 MONTHS	Large Muscle Can bend to touch feet with hands when lying on back. On tummy, can lift head and chest from surface, using arms for support. Can rock like an airplane on tummy, with arms and legs extended and back arched. On tummy, may roll from side to side. Can maintain a sitting position (with head erect and steady) for several minutes if given proper support. Small Muscle Uses hands more skillfully. Begins to use mitten grasp for grabbing objects. Looks from object to hands to object. Swipes at objects, gradually improving aim.
5 MONTHS	Large Muscle On back, can lift head and shoulders off surface. Can roll from tummy to back. On tummy, lifts head and chest high off surface. Can rock, twist, roll, and kick to change position on surface while on tummy. When supported under arms, stands and moves body up and down, stamping feet alternately. Helps when being pulled to a sitting position. Can sit supported for 15 to 30 minutes with firm back. In sitting position, keeps head steady and erect. Small Muscle Reaches for objects such as the cradle gym with good coordination and aim. Begins to grasp objects with thumb and fingers. Grabs objects with either hand. Transfers objects from one hand to the other , dropping objects often. Can grasp cover to pull it off when face is covered being "peek-a-boo" game.

During the first 12 months of life, infants grow to one and one-half times their height at birth, and they triple their birth weight. In general, boys are slightly taller and heavier than girls.	The approximate change and height is from 20 - 21 inches to 30 - 31 inches (from 50 - 53 cm to 76 - 79 cm). The approximate change in weight is from 7 - 7 1/2 pounds to 21 - 22 pounds (from 3.1 - 3.5 kg to 9.5-10 kg).

6 MONTHS	Large Muscle Rolls from back to tummy. Turns and twists in all directions, when on back or tummy. On tummy, moves by pushing with legs and reaching with arms (creeping). Gets up on hands and knees in a crouching position, but then may fall forward. Is able to stand, while supported. In sitting position, sits with slight support and maintains balance. Is able to lean foward or to side while in sitting position. Is able to sit in walker or high chair and use arms to reach for objects. If unsupported in sitting position, may slump [forward] on hands for balance. May be able to sit unsupported for short periods of time. Small Muscle Is able to rotate wrists to turn and manipulate objects. Reaches with one arm and grasps object with hand. Then transfers object to other hand. Then reaches for another object. Holds an object in each hand. Learns to drop objects at will. Begins eating with fingers.
7 MONTHS	Large Muscle Crawls awkwardly, combining movements on tummy and knees. When pulled to a standing position, helps by keeping legs straight and supporting own weight. Likes to bounce when in standing position. May try to pull self up to a standing position. Is able to sit alone for several minutes or with slight support for longer periods of time. Can lean over and reach while in sitting position. In walker, and is able to push with legs to move in all directions. May be able to move from the lying position to a sitting position. Small Muscle Has mastered grasping by using thumb in opposition to fingers. Holds an object in each hand. Brings objects together with banging noises. Keeps objects in hands much of the time. Fingers, manipulates, and rattles objects repeatedly.
8 MONTHS	Large Muscle Sits alone, steadily, for longer periods of time. On tummy, pushes up easily to a crawling position. Crawls. May carry objects in one hand or both hands while crawling. Is able to pull self up to a standing position by holding onto crib or furniture. May need help in getting down from standing position. Achieves sitting position by pushing up with arms. Small Muscle Learns pincer grip, using just the thumb and forefinger. Is able to pick up small objects and string.
9 MONTHS	Large Muscle Sits alone. Develops own style of crawling. Can control speed while crawling, going faster or slower. May try to crawl up stairs. May be able to achieve a standing position without holding on to furniture. Is able to move from a standing position to a sitting position. May be able to move along furniture, touching it for support ("cruising"). Small Muscle Uses index finger to point, to lead, and to poke. May be able to build a tower of two blocks. Waves "bye-bye."
10 MONTHS	Large Muscle May be able to stand by self, without hanging on to furniture. Varies crawling and standing to achieve goals. Step sideways along furniture in "cruising" motion. Likes to walk: holding on to parents' hands. Climbs up on chairs and other furniture. Stands with little support. Small Muscle Differentiates use of hands, holding with one while maneuvering with the other. Carries two small objects in one hand. Can release grasped object instead of just dropping it.
11 MONTHS	Large Muscle Stands alone. Can stand against support and wave. Can stand against support and lean over. May be able to climb out of crib or playpen. Is able to squat and stoop. Is able to stand and pick up objects. May push chair ahead of self for support while walking. Likes to climb stairs. Likes to follow parent; will "cruise" or crawl fast to reach parent. Small Muscle Uses hands together or separately. Likes to grab feeding utensils and cup. Likes to "squish" food in hands. May carry spoon to mouth in feeding attempt. Takes off shoes and socks.
12 MONTHS	Large Muscle May still prefer crawling to walking for speed, but combines both. Many add maneuvers to walking around furniture, backing away, carrying toys, etc. May take steps to parent, falling into arms when reaching parent. Climbs in and out of playpen and crib. Climbs up and down stairs. In tub, makes swimming movements in water. Small Muscle Masters pincer grip. May show preference for one hand. May be able to pull off clothing. Can take lids off containers.

INFANTS How to Fold Cloth Diapers LARGE MUSCLE DEVELOPMENT DANGERS AND SAFEGUARDS DURING INFANCY PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENT EMOTIONAL AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SEQUENCE OF TEETHING	TODDLERS DANGERS AND SAFEGUARDS DURING TODDLERHOOD PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENT EMOTIONAL AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
PRESCHOOL DANGERS AND SAFEGUARDS DURING PRESCHOOL YEARS PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENT EMOTIONAL AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT	SCHOOL-AGE DANGERS AND SAFEGUARDS DURING THE SCHOOL-AGED YEARS PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENT EMOTIONAL AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
TEENAGE

 

What Worked
For My Parents in Raising
Their Kids

 

What My Parents
Would Have Done Differently
If They Could Do It Over
Again

 

Advice From Parents
To Young Parents

  

Useful
information
for parents

  

The Kids

 

Student
Do's and Do Not's about Parenting

 

Gems of Wisdom from
the Elders

 

Christmastime Tales Stories real and imaginary about Christmas, Slavik, and the New Year Winter, 1996	Christmastime Tales II Stories about Christmas, Slavik, and the New Year Winter, 1998	Christmastime Tales III Stories about Christmas, Slavik, and the New Year Winter, 2000
Summer Time Tails 1992	Summertime Tails II 1993	Summertime Tails III
Summertime Tails IV Fall, 1995	Summertime Tails V Fall, 1996	Summertime Tails VI Fall, 1997
Summertime Tails VII Fall, 1999	Signs of the Times November 1996	Creative Stories From Creative Imaginations
Mustang Mind Manglers - Stories of the Far Out, the Frightening and the Fantastic 1993	Yupik Gourmet - A Book of Recipes
M&M Monthly
Happy Moose Hunting! September Edition 1997	Happy Easter! March/April 1998	Merry Christmas December Edition 1997
Happy Valentine’s Day! February Edition 1998	Happy Easter! March/April Edition 2000	Happy Thanksgiving Nov. Edition, 1997
Happy Halloween October 1997 Edition	Edible and Useful Plants of Scammon Bay	Edible Plants of Hooper Bay 1981
The Flowers of Scammon Bay Alaska	Poems of Hooper Bay	Scammon Bay (Upward Bound Students)
Family Trees and the Buzzy Lord	It takes a Village - A guide for parents May 1997	People in Our Community
Buildings and Personalities of Marshall	Marshall Village PROFILE	Qigeckalleq Pellullermeng ‘A Glimpse of the Past’
Raven’s Stories Spring 1995	Bird Stories from Scammon Bay	The Sea Around Us
Ellamyua - The Great Weather - Stories about the Weather Spring 1996	Moose Fire - Stories and Poems about Moose November, 1998	Bears Bees and Bald Eagles Winter 1992-1993
Fish Fire and Water - Stories about fish, global warming and the future November, 1997	Wolf Fire - Stories and Poems about Wolves	Bear Fire - Stories and Poems about Bears Spring, 1992

 

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